Chapter 3by June Kaminski
Computer Science and the Foundation of Knowledge Model
Chapter Objectives• Describe the essential components of
computer systems including hardware and software.
• Appreciate the rapid evolution of computer systems and the benefit of keeping up to date with current trends and developments.
Objectives, cont.
• Analyze how computer systems function as tools for managing information and generating knowledge.
• Define the concept of human – technology interfaces.
• Articulate how computers can support collaboration and information exchange.
Key Terms Defined
• Acquisition• Application• Arithmetic Logic Unit • Binary System• BIOS
Key Terms Defined
• Bit• Bus • Byte• Cache Memory • CD-R
Key Terms Defined
• CD-RW • Central Processing Unit• Communication Software • Compatibility • Computer
Key Terms Defined• Computer Science• Conferencing Software• Creativity Software• Database• Degradation
Key Terms Defined
• Desktop• Digital Video Disc • Dissemination• DVD-R • DVD-RW
Key Terms Defined
• Dynamic random access memory• Electrically Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory• Email • Email Client • Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
Key Terms Defined
• Execute • Extensibility • Fire Wire• Firmware • Flash Memory
Key Terms Defined
• Gigabyte • Gigahertz• Graphical User Interface • Graphics Card • Hard Disk
Key Terms Defined
• Hardware• Information • Information Age• Input/Output System• Instant Messaging
Key Terms Defined
• Integrated Drive Electronics• Internet Browser • Keyboard• Knowledge • Laptop
Key Terms Defined
• Mainframe • Main Memory • Megabytes • Megahertz • Memory
Key Terms Defined
• Microprocessor• Modem• Monitor• Motherboard• Mouse
Key Terms Defined
• MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 • Non-synchronous • Office Suite • Open Source Software • Operating System
Key Terms Defined
• Palmtop or Palm Computer • Parallel Port• Peripheral Component Interconnection• Personal Computer • Personal Digital Assistant
Key Terms Defined
• Plug and Play • Port • Portability• Portable Operating System Interface for UNIX• Presentation
Key Terms Defined
• Processing• Productivity Software• Professional Development• Programmable Read Only Memory• Publishing
Key Terms Defined
• QWERTY• Random Access Memory• Read Only Memory• Security• Serial Port
Key Terms Defined• Small Computer System Interface• Software• Sound Card• Spreadsheet • Supercomputer
Key Terms Defined
• Synchronous• Synchronous Dynamic Random Access
Memory• Technology• Throughput• Touch screen• Universal Serial Bus (USB) • User Friendly
Key Terms Defined• User Interface • Video Adapter Card • Virtual Memory• Web-Based• Wisdom
Key Terms Defined
• Word Processing • World Wide Web
The Computer As A Tool• The advent of the computer • Computer technology • What is a computer? • When was the first electronic computer used?
The Computer As A Tool• Computers as universal machines• What can computers be used for?
Components • Hardware • Outer Protection • Laptop computers • Palm computers or Personal Digital Assistants
Components• Central Processing Unit • Common CPUs • What is a CPU? • Inner components
Components
• The speed and power of a CPU• Gigahertz measurement• What makes a computer program operate
faster? • The use of multi-core microprocessors
Components
• Multiple microprocessors • Mainframes• Motherboard • The essential structures of the motherboard
Components
• Power Supply • Hard Disk• What does the hard disk do? • Main Memory or RAM
Components• When is RAM memory lost? • What is the Main Memory?• ROM • BIOS Input/Output System
Components
• Virtual Memory • Integrated Drive Electronics Controller • Peripheral Component Interconnection Bus• SCSI or Small Computer System Interface
Components
• DVD/CD Drive • Digital Video Disc • Floppy drive • Flash Drive
Components
• Modem • Connection Ports • Parallel • Serial
Components
• Universal Serial Bus • FireWire • Graphics Card • Video Adapter Cards
Components
• Sound Card • Bit • Byte • Software
Components
• The importance of user friendliness • User goals • System goals • Keyboard
Components
• Mouse• Monitor • Printer • Speakers
Relationship of Computer Science to Knowledge
• The effect of computer systems • The understanding of computer science
principles
Human Technology Interface• The Human – Technology Interface
• The Graphical User Interface
Thought Provoking Questions
How can knowledge of computer hardware and software help nurses to participate in information technology adoption decisions in the practice area?
Thought Provoking Questions
How can new computer software help nurses engage in professional development, collaboration, and knowledge dissemination activities at their own pace and leisure?
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