C H A P T E R 2
ATHLETIC TRAINING
WHAT IS AN ATHLETIC TRAINER?
• Highly educated and skilled professional specializing in athletic health care for the physically active• Prevention & care of athletes, physically active
• History:• Greek and Roman civilizations• Established in late 19th century in the United States
(intercollegiate athletics)• Lacked professional training/knowledge
WHY “ATHLETIC TRAINER”?
• There has been much controversy over the title
GROWTH OF THE PROFESSION
• Evolution of the Athletic Trainer:• 1st appearance in intercollegiate athletics after WWI• 1st text, The Trainer’s Bible, in 1917• Written by S.E. Bilik
• Support from the Cramer family• The NATA• Formed between 1947-1950 by university athletic
trainers• 1st Meeting in 1950 w/101 attendees in Kansas City, MO• Membership: from 100 to 30,000+ today (32,280 as of
8/07)• Employment Growth• Education Reform
RECOGNITION AND ACCREDITATION AS AN ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSIONAL
• June 1991 – AMA officially recognized athletic training as an allied health profession• Primary purpose was for accrediting educational
programs• June 1994 – CAHEA dissolved and replaced by
Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP)• Now CAATE- Commission on accreditation of
Athletic Training Education
CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
• Candidates for certification must meet NATA-BOC established requirements:• Graduation from an accredited program (CAATE)• Pass the BOC examination• Meet CEU requirements
• Successful completion of the certification exam will earn the credential of ATC• Certified Athletic Trainer
• Must complete 50 CEUs every 2 years• Continuing education, new research & techniques
ACCREDITED PROGRAMS
• 341 undergraduate programs• 4-year programs• Graduate with BA or BS degree• Eligible to sit for BOC exam• Closest is Cal State Fullerton
• 26 entry-level master’s programs• 2-year programs• Must already have BA or BS degree• Graduate with MS degree• Closest is California Baptist University
• Post-professional degree• Master’s and Doctoral degrees
NATA BOARD OF CERTIFICATION (NATA-BOC)
• Role Delineation Study (1999)• Redefined the profession of athletic training• Primary tasks of entry-level ATC’s• Knowledge and skills required to perform each task• Roles could be divided into six major areas or
performance domains• Now five major areas
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE ATHLETIC TRAINER
• Performance Domains• Injury/illness Prevention
and Wellness Protection• Clinical Evaluation and
Diagnosis• Immediate and
Emergency Care• Treatment and
Rehabilitation• Organizational and
Professional Health and Well-being
• What ATs do
• Education Council Competencies & Clinical Proficiencies• Risk management• Pathology of injuries &
illnesses• Orthopedic assessment/eval.• Acute care• Pharmacology• Therapeutic modalities• Therapeutic exercise• General medical conditions• Nutrition• Psychosocial Intervention • Health Care Administration• Professional Development
• What ATs learn
PERFORMANCE DOMAIN: INJURY/ILLNESS PREVENTION AND WELLNESS
PROTECTION
• Develop training & conditioning programs• Ensure a safe
playing environment• Select, fit, &
maintain protective equipment• Explain the
importance of nutrition• Use medications
appropriately
PERFORMANCE DOMAIN:CLINICAL EVALUATION & DIAGNOSIS
• Conduct physical examinations• Understand the
pathology of injury and illness• Referring to
medical care• Referring to
support services
PERFORMANCE DOMAIN:IMMEDIATE AND EMERGENCY CARE
• Initial on-field evaluation• Administer
appropriate First Aid Care• Establish
emergency care procedures ahead of time• EAP
PERFORMANCE DOMAIN:TREATMENT & REHABILITATION
• Designing rehab programs• Supervising rehab programs• Incorporating therapeutic modalities• Offering psychosocial intervention
PERFORMANCE DOMAIN:ORGANIZATION AND PROFESSIONAL HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
• Organization/Administration• Record keeping• Order equipment &
supplies• Supervise personnel• Establish policies &
procedures• Professional Responsibilities• Continuing education• Promote the profession• Research
• Professional health• Physical, emotional, spiritual
health• Stress management
EMPLOYMENT SETTINGS
• Secondary Schools• College or
Universities• Professional Teams• Sports Medicine
Clinics• Corporate/Industrial
Settings• The Military• Physician Extender
• Treating the Physically Active• Adolescent athlete• Aging athlete
PERSONAL QUALITIES OFAN ATHLETIC TRAINER
• Stamina & ability to adapt• Burnout
• Empathy• Sense of humor• Communication• Intellectual Curiosity• Ethical Practice• Professional Memberships
• Ability to relate to athletes• Ability to deal with parents
CERTIFIED ATHLETIC TRAINER VS. PERSONAL TRAINER
Certified Athletic Trainer• Meets the
qualifications set by state licensure and the Board of Certification, Inc. and practices athletic training under the direction of a physician.
Personal Trainer• Prescribes, monitors
and changes an individual’s specific exercise program in a fitness or sports setting.
Certified Athletic Trainer• Provide physical medicine
and rehabilitation services
• Prevent, diagnose, treat and rehabilitate injuries (acute and chronic)
• Coordinate care with physicians and other allied health professionals
• Work in schools, colleges, professional sports, clinics, hospitals, corporations, industry, military, performing arts
Personal Trainer• Assess fitness needs and
design appropriate exercise regimens
• Work with clients to achieve fitness goals
• Help educate the public about the importance of physical activity
• Work in health clubs, wellness centers and various other locations where fitness activities take place
CERTIFIED ATHLETIC TRAINER VS. PERSONAL TRAINER
STATE REGULATION
• Licensure• Must meet minimal standards of state licensing board; state limits
individuals who can perform AT functions through practice acts• Most restrictive form of regulation and varies from state to state• Usually gain licensure by passing BOC exam or state licensing exam
& paying fee
• Certification• Does not protect term “athletic trainer”; can restrict performance of
AT functions to those certified by the state• Many of these states recognize BOC exam in gaining state
certification
• Registration• Pay state registration fee; state may not assess qualifications;
protects term “athletic trainer” from being used
• Exemption• State recognition allowing for performance of functions similar
to those of other licensed professionals.• Usually not enough practitioners to warrant formation of a state
regulatory board
STATE REGULATION
STATE REGULATION
FUTURE DIRECTIONSFOR ATHLETIC TRAINING
• On-going evaluation and reform of ATEPs• Third-party reimbursement• (Medicare/Medicaid)
• State regulation• Licensure in CA
• Increase/improve secondary school employment• Further expansion of profession in other
employment settings• Emerging practices
• Research• Global professional growth
FUTURE EMPLOYMENTFOR ATHLETIC TRAINERS
• Employment• 2006: 17,000• 2016: 22,000• Growth: Much faster than average, except with professional
sports teams• Largest Employment Settings• College/universities, amusement/recreation industries, general
medical and surgical hospitals, elementary and secondary schools
• Salary (includes wage earners)• Median for May 2006 was $36,200 • Middle 50% earned between $28,920 and $45,600• Highest 10%: More than $57,580• Lowest 10%: Less than $21,940
• Internet Research:• NATA website• www.nata.org• 25 facts, names, job
openings, or interesting topics
• BOC website• www.bocatc.org• 10 facts about the
exam process
• CAATE website• www.caate.net• List of 10 accredited
programs
Due Fri 8/24 @ beginning of class.
10 points
HOMEWORK
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