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Chapter 17 The Special Senses
Lobes of Cerebrum
Lobe Sense
Parietal Gustatory & Tactile
Temporal Olfactory & Hearing
Occipital Vision
Frontal NONE
Gustation: ense of Taste
o Tongue Taste
!eet " ali#a alty " ali#a
$itter " ali#a
our % Circum#allate
o Papillae of Tongue
' Filiform % increase surface area( most abun)ant( NO taste
bu)s( use) to )etect temperature an) te*ture
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Chapter 17 The Special Senses
+' Fungiform % taste bu)s on top( s!eet, salty, sour
-' Circum#allate ./0 % large( bitter( taste bu)s un)erneat1
2' Foliate % in#ol#e) in t1e sensations of taste an) 1a#e taste
bu)s embe))e) in t1eir surfaces( clustere) into t!o groupspositione) on eac1 si)e of t1e tongue
Olfaction: T1e ense of mell
o mell % +3,333* stronger t1an taste
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Chapter 17 The Special Senses
ense of Hearing
o 4natomy of Ear
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Chapter 17 The Special Senses
Ceruminus glan) pro)uces cerumen, also 5no!n as ear !a*'
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Chapter 17 The Special Senses
T1e Eustac1ian tube connects t1e mi))le ear c1amber to t1e
nasop1aryn*' Otitis 6e)ia "An infection from throat to ear.
Part Function Organemicircular canals 7ynamic E8uilibrium Crista 4mpularisVestibule tatic E8uilibrium 6aculaCoc1lea Hearing Organ of Conti
o Organs are al!ays foun) on t1e inner surface of t1e membranous
labyrint1
Crista 4mpullaris
o 7ynamic e8uilibrium % your bo)y sensing t1e fact t1at your bo)y is in
motion
o En)olymp1 % in semicircular canal( mo#es, triggering crista ampullaris
o 6ec1anical energy electrical energy
6o#ement of cilia electrical energy
Cupula 9 gelatinous membrane
6acula % same as crista ampullaris e*cept t1e cupula is calle) t1e otolit1ic
membrane
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Chapter 17 The Special Senses
o Otolit1s present % bob t1roug1 membrane, 1it t1e cilia an) )etect
gra#itational pull
Organ of Corti % same as t1e crista ampullaris e*cept t1e gelatinous
membrane is calle) t1e tectorial membrane
Vision
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Chapter 17 The Special Senses
o 4natomy of t1e eye
- layers:
o clera % Outer layer: ma)e of )ense connecti#e tissue #ery toug1; a5a
t1e !1ite of eyes'
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Chapter 17 The Special Senses
Cornea
Canal of c1elmm
o C1oroi) " 6i))le layer: 6elanocytes
Ciliary bo)y % smoot1 muscle
etina % o)s % blac5 an) !1ite( si)e of eye .retina0
o >1o)opsin .usual purple0 % nee) lig1t to be bro5en )o!n into scotopsinan) retinine
o cotopsin an) retinine transferre) into occipital lobe
Cones " color( bac5 of eye .retina0
o
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Chapter 17 The Special Senses
Less ben)ing an) refraction of lig1t
o Hypermetropia % farsig1te)ness( born !it1 eye too s1ort
Con#e* lens nee)e) to correct
o Presbyopia % el)erly sig1t
Lens loses elasticity an) can no longer accommo)ate
o Glaucoma % buil)up of a8ueous 1umor ma)e by an o#er pro)uction in
t1e ciliary bo)y'o Cataracts % )isease of t1e lens
o 4stigmatism % irregularity of t1e cornea
Cylin)rical .tauric0 lens nee)e) to correct
o Vitamin 4 % use) to ma5e retinine
$etacarotine
&
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