Chapter 1
Where did the first humans come from?
It is believed that the earliest form of humans was found in East Africa by Louis and Mary Leakey in the 1950's
Theories on prehistory and Theories on prehistory and early man constantly change early man constantly change as new evidence comes to as new evidence comes to light. light. - Louis Leakey, British - Louis Leakey, British paleoanthropologist paleoanthropologist
Theories on prehistory and Theories on prehistory and early man constantly change early man constantly change as new evidence comes to as new evidence comes to light. light. - Louis Leakey, British - Louis Leakey, British paleoanthropologist paleoanthropologist
““Paleolithic”Paleolithic” --> --> “Old Stone” “Old Stone” AgeAge
““Paleolithic”Paleolithic” --> --> “Old Stone” “Old Stone” AgeAge 2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE 2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE
hunting (hunting (menmen) & gathering () & gathering (womenwomen) ) small bands of 20-30 humans small bands of 20-30 humans hunting (hunting (menmen) & gathering () & gathering (womenwomen) ) small bands of 20-30 humans small bands of 20-30 humans
NOMADICNOMADIC (moving from place to place) (moving from place to place) NOMADICNOMADIC (moving from place to place) (moving from place to place)
Made Made toolstools
Made Made toolstools
Humans during this period found shelter in Humans during this period found shelter in caves.caves.
Humans during this period found shelter in Humans during this period found shelter in caves.caves. Cave paintings left behind. Cave paintings left behind. Cave paintings left behind. Cave paintings left behind.
Purpose??Purpose??Purpose??Purpose??
1,6000,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE1,6000,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE1,6000,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE1,6000,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE
HOMO ERECTUS HOMO ERECTUS ( “Upright Human Being” )( “Upright Human Being” )
HOMO ERECTUS HOMO ERECTUS ( “Upright Human Being” )( “Upright Human Being” )
Larger and more varied Larger and more varied tools --> primitive technology tools --> primitive technology
Larger and more varied Larger and more varied tools --> primitive technology tools --> primitive technology
First hominid to migrate andFirst hominid to migrate and leave Africa for Europe and leave Africa for Europe and Asia. Asia.
First hominid to migrate andFirst hominid to migrate and leave Africa for Europe and leave Africa for Europe and Asia. Asia.
First to use fire ( 500,000 BCE First to use fire ( 500,000 BCE ))
First to use fire ( 500,000 BCE First to use fire ( 500,000 BCE ))
BIPEDALISMBIPEDALISM BIPEDALISMBIPEDALISM
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Are we all Africans “under the Are we all Africans “under the skin”????skin”????
Are we all Africans “under the Are we all Africans “under the skin”????skin”????
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““Neolithic”Neolithic” “New Stone” “New Stone” AgeAge
““Neolithic”Neolithic” “New Stone” “New Stone” AgeAge 10,000 BCE – 4,000 BCE10,000 BCE – 4,000 BCE 10,000 BCE – 4,000 BCE10,000 BCE – 4,000 BCE
Gradual shift from:Gradual shift from: Gradual shift from:Gradual shift from:
Nomadic lifestyleNomadic lifestyle settled, stationery settled, stationery lifestyle.lifestyle.Nomadic lifestyleNomadic lifestyle settled, stationery settled, stationery lifestyle.lifestyle.Hunting/Gathering Hunting/Gathering agricultural agricultural production andproduction and domestication of animals. domestication of animals.
Hunting/Gathering Hunting/Gathering agricultural agricultural production andproduction and domestication of animals. domestication of animals.
8,000 BCE – 5,000 BCE8,000 BCE – 5,000 BCE 8,000 BCE – 5,000 BCE8,000 BCE – 5,000 BCE
Agriculture developed independently inAgriculture developed independently in different parts of the world. different parts of the world. Agriculture developed independently inAgriculture developed independently in different parts of the world. different parts of the world.
SLASH-AND-BURN FarmingSLASH-AND-BURN Farming SLASH-AND-BURN FarmingSLASH-AND-BURN Farming
Middle East India Central America China Southeast Middle East India Central America China Southeast AsiaAsia
8,000 BCE 7,000 BCE 6,500 BCE 6,000 BCE 5,000 BCE8,000 BCE 7,000 BCE 6,500 BCE 6,000 BCE 5,000 BCE
Middle East India Central America China Southeast Middle East India Central America China Southeast AsiaAsia
8,000 BCE 7,000 BCE 6,500 BCE 6,000 BCE 5,000 BCE8,000 BCE 7,000 BCE 6,500 BCE 6,000 BCE 5,000 BCE
Why do you think the development of
agriculture occurred around the same time
in several different places?
Why do you think the development of
agriculture occurred around the same time
in several different places?
AdvancedAdvanced
CitiesCities
SpecializedSpecialized
WorkersWorkers
ComplexComplex
InstitutionsInstitutions
Record-Record-
KeepingKeeping
AdvancedAdvanced
TechnologyTechnology
Government in Early Civilizations
Monarchs- Kings or queens that created armies and laws to Protect their population
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