INTRODUCTION TO CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR

CONTENTS

• Introduction (Reciprocating vs. Centrifugal)• Theory of operation• Main parts• Classifications

IntroductionReciprocating Compressor

High Efficiency

High Vibration

Centrifugal Compressor

Less Efficiency

Less Vibration

MAIN PARTS

Main

Impeller

Diffuser

Crossover

Return Channel

Diaphragm

Casing

Casing

Inlet Connections

Shaft

Shaft

Bearing

Balance Piston

Seals

MAIN PARTSImpeller Types

Open Impeller Semi-open Impeller Closed Impeller

MAIN PARTSImpeller with Inducer

Reduced inlet Mach Number and ability to increase speed and hence output head

COMPRESOR CLASSIFICATIONS

A. According to Casing Split Method1. Horizontal Split

2. Vertical Split

3. Barrel Design

B. According to Impellers’ Arrangement1. Straight

2. In/Out with Inter-Cooler

3. Back-to-Back

4. Double Flow

5. Side Stream

C. According to Bearing Configuration1. Overhung

2. Beam Type (Between Bearing)

3. Integrally Geared

A- Casing Split Method

Vertically SplitGood Seal

Difficult Maintenance

Horizontally SplitBad Seal

Easy Maintenance

A- Casing Split Method

Vertically SplitGood Seal

Difficult Maintenance

Horizontally SplitBad Seal

Easy Maintenance

Barrel Type Compressor

B- Impellers’ Arrangement1- Straight Arrangement

B- Impellers’ Arrangement2- In/out with Intercooler

B- Impellers’ Arrangement3- Back-to-Back

B- Impellers’ Arrangement4- Double Flow

B- Impellers’ Arrangement5- Side-Stream

C- Bearing Configuration

OverhungLow cost

Sensitive to unbalance

Beam (Between Bearing)More expensive

More rigid

Integrally Geared

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