How Caves are formed For a cave to be formed there needs to be
a vulnerable point or weak spot on the headland. These are easily
eroded so the waves attack is using various processes like
hydraulic pressure. This weak spot is worn away until it is wide
and deep in the headland, a cave has been made.
How Arches are formed Arches are formed when caves that have
been formed are still being eroded away by the waves. These waves
continue to widen and deepen the cave until it breaks through the
headland and all thats left is the top part of the cave, forming an
arch.
How Stacks are formed Stacks are formed when arches that have
been left from cave continue to be battered by waves. This leaves
the arch unsupported and the top part of what was left of the cave
falls down leaving a tall pillar called a Stack.
Now Stumps are formed Stumps are formed after stacks have been
exposed to the erosional processes. After the arch drops all thats
left is the stack and eventually, it is worn away. This just leaves
the base of the stack now called a Stump.
Summary of how Caves, arches, stacks and stumps are
formed.