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The one beneath I daily rise my eyes,the one I always guide my hopes to?Or ... do they both shape my creed?
Which sky takes me back me home?
CARAŞ SEVERIN COUNTY
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The county of Caraş-Severin is situated in the
south-est of Ro!ania" in the ancient #rovince
of $anat% It &orders Ser&ia to the est and
south" and the 'anu&e and the Ser&ian &order
to the e(tre!e south% The county seat is atReşi)a% Caraş-Severin is #art of the 'anu&e-
*ris-+ureş-Tisa eurore,ion% It has a #o#uation
of ..."/01" the !a2ority 344%/567 &ein,
Ro!anians% They ive in ,ood nei,h&ourhood
and or8-to,ether ith 9er!ans" :un,arians"
Ser&s" Croats and other nationaities.
;ith 4"<05 8!/" it is the third ar,est county in
Ro!ania" after Ti!iş and Suceava counties% It
is aso the county throu,h hich the 'anu&e
River enters Ro!ania%
The reduced nu!&er of inha&itants is due to the
reief features = !osty !ountains and his"and forests coverin, a ar,e #art of the county
territory% :oever" the county is ocated at an
econo!ic and cutura cross-roads%
The symbol of the county is the daffodil, seen as passion embraced by purity.
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SHORT HISTORY
The mountainous zone of Caras-Severin county was characterized, during its first stage of
develoment, !y a revalence of rimary industries "mining, metallurgy# resulting from the
geological articularities of the region consisting in very rich resources$ ferrous metals, non-
ferrous-metals, coal, non-metal ores% The mines here wor&ed during the Roman and the
Ottoman rules, !ut a systemic aroach and develoment of industry started only at the
!eginning of the '(th century, once )anat !ecame a rovince of the *ustrian +mire "''(#%
Thus, the mines at Sasca, Ciclova, Oravita, ognecea, Ocna de .ier are mentioned !oth !y
travellers visiting the region and !y mineralogy aers of the time% The set-u of the wor&s at
)oc/a "'0'#, and esecially of that in Resita "''# reresented an institutionalization of
industry in the mountainous )anat% )y '(11, the entire mining, metallurgical and forest assets
in the area had !een roerty of the *ustrian Imerial Treasury% *t that time the firstRomanian railway line was !uilt, 2coal3 railway line, "0' *ugust '(14# and was designated for
the transort of coal and metallurgical roducts originating in the zone%
*fter the shoc& of 5orld 5ar I, a multinational society, 6R, was esta!lished and it started
e7anding, develoing entirely new !ranches and rocess lines$ locomotives, electric
machines, oil e8uiment, several tyes of arms and ammunition% In time, several commercial
comanies have come out of 6R and are secialized at resent in the roduction of railwaytyres, railway trac&s and heavy shaes, iesel engines for railway locomotives and shis,
hydroower e8uiment and lant, !ig and secial electric motors% Hoes for the !etter still
e7ist, though, li&ely to hel overcome the draw!ac&s of the moment and induce economic
usurge%
Caraş-Severin County has 2 municipalities, 6 towns and 69 communes, 2! villa"es.
#unicipalities$ Caransebeş, %eşi&a - capital city
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R + 9 I : *
Resita is the most imortant town of the county, theadministrative, economic and cultural centre of
Caras-Severin% The history of the town is inter-related
with its develoment as an industrial centre%
The ton history starts in 0>?1 hen the I!#eria Courtof Vienna decided to &uid a !etaur,ica or8s at
Resita% The concusion in 0>>0 of a first sta,e of the
construction !a8es the !etaur,ica or8s of Resita
one of the !ost fa!ous in Euro#e" aon, ith other sti
o#erationa suchi8e faciities@ *ru## 3Essen" 9er!any"
founded 04007" S8oda 3sen" CBech Re#u&ic" founded
04<1-04?7" the or8s at 'onaitB" Austria" founded04.?% Resita is at #resent a #oerfu Ro!anian
industria centre" ith one of the ar,est ferrous
!etaur,y and !echanica en,ineerin, or8s 3UC+R7%The centre of the town
%esita remains a city where the industry is stron"ly infiltrated into the
city's heart and where the natural beauty be"ins outside the city "ates.
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;*<=*R>S I< R+SIT*
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Oen-*ir =useum of the Steam +ngines
was founded in '?0, to cele!rate a century of steam
engines roduction in Re/i@a% The museum consists ofA e7hi!its !elonging to different eriods of
construction, the most imortant !eing the steam
engine called 3R+SICB*3, one of the first three
steam locomotives fa!ricated in the south-east of
+uroe, in '(0% ohn Haswell is the author of the
roDect, an engineer from Scotland, !ut living in
Eienne% It is a tender locomotive with two connectedwheels, it has a traction force of ''01&g and 41 HF at
a ''&mGh seed% It was constructed under imrovised
conditions in the wor&shos of St+ Re/i@a and in
'?A0 was still wor&ing% In '?A4, steam locomotives
roduction in Re/i@a comes to an end%
*ll 'A e7hi!its of the museum concentrate the history of almost a centuryof machine construction industry on the !an&s of the )rzava river%
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The huge hall where the steam
engines were fa!ricated,
icture dating from '((
The second steam
engine ever roduced in
Romania, R+SICB* 0
'(0
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In '?1?, the first museum institution in the city
of Resita is founded, organized at the first floor
of the former FeoleJs Council district%The museumKs inauguration was held on
ecem!er 0L, '?1?% The first e7hi!ition of the
museum contained o!Dects from the historical ast of
the city, e7hi!its which are related with the !eginning
and the develoment of Resita .actories, !ut also
with the environment of the city%
In '?A0, the museum increases its collection and moves to another !uilding% In '?A?, Resita
=useum !ecomes the History =useum of Caras-Severin County% The museum changes again its
location, in '?0% 5ith this occasion it is resented an entire collection that descri!es the historical
develoment of the society on the grounds of Caras-Severin county, since the Falaeolithic era% The
museum contains a large collection of o!Dects related to many fields including archaeology, divided
into the Falaeolithic "flint tools#, <eolithic "tools, ainted ottery, statues and altars#, !ronze,Hallstatt, acian era, Roman ottery, medieval era "silver, !ronze and coer ornaments#,
numismatics "ree&, Roman, )yzantine coins, from modern and contemorary era#, history
"documents, hotos, old !oo&s#, ethnograhy "clothing, interior fa!rics from Caras, Herculane,
religious ainting on glass and wood, contemorary Romanian art, collection of minerals#%
TH+ CO6<TY =6S+6= O. HISTORY
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M+.TI=I+ =6R6K 6<IE+RSITY "6+=#
of R+SIT* was founded in '?'%
In the academic year there are a!out L,1NN students%
The main activities are$ Scientific Research and
International Relations%There are two .aculties$ the .aculty of +ngineering,
founded in '?' and the .aculty of +conomics and
*dministrative Sciences, founded in '??1%
Scientific research, together with training, has
always !een one of the maDor activities and interests
of the university%
The Centre of Research in Hydraulics, *utomationand Heat Frocesses, the Centre of Technologic
Transfer and the Centre of Research in Social
Sciences and Humanities are all !ased here%
The 6niversity also articiates in +uroean
rogrammes such as Temus, SocratesG+rasmus,
Culture 0NNN and ;eonardo da Einci rogrammes
and cooerates with various 6niversities from$
ermany, Italy, reece, Yugoslavia, *ustria,
=oldavia, .rance, and Canada%
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2%*%F+TC6;+SC63
TH+*TR+ is the local theatre
with a short, !ut active history,
and functions in the historicalmonument !uilding called the
Culture Falace, a gorgeous lace
recently restored in order to
house the activity of the Theatre%
Recently the theatre has
received a new title namely the5est Resita Theatre, in the
officialsK effort to include the local
theatrical activity in the
+uroean circuit, thus oening
new communication ossi!ilities
and the ac&nowledgement of thecultural efforts and the western
area sirituality%
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It was inaugurated on
the 'st of uly '('% The
!uilding, with a semi-
circular hall and !o7es
on the first and uer
floor, was designed !y
architect Ion <iunyinterior facilities after
the model of the Eienna
)urgtheater storeys and
casino halls were added
in '(L(, and in '(?L was
entirely restored%
)ut P
the oldest theatre in the country is not far from Resita% One can find it in a smaller town, Oravita,
within Caras-Severin County% This wonderful construction is included in the list of Historical
=onuments Froosed for Restoration%
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Severa &eautifu rei,ious edifice ocated
donton Resita te the od story of the
city% Their as stood u# throu,hout ti!e
and history and noadays are visited &y a
tourists arrivin, in ton% One of those
#aces is the oca Synagogue" a &eautifu"ar,e +oresDue edifice &uit in 01>"
havin, a centra hi,h do!e hich creates a
!onu!entaity effect%
Another i!#ortant &uidin, aso &ecause it
is re#resentative for the do!inatin,
rei,ion is the Resita =ontana Romanian
Orthodo7 Cathedral" a !onu!enta
&yBantine construction finished in 01.4%
The +vangelic Church 010 is yet
another onderfu #ace to visit" an edifice
reaiBed in 010 hich sti i!#resses ith
its uniDue architecture and i!#osin,
di!ensions%
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The +vangelic Church
The Synagogue
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Lrd uly''
.urnace no% 0 Resita is the last furnace with a caacity of NNmc
that has !een reserved in Romania and one of the last in +uroe%
)uilt !etweeen 'A?-'', it was inaugurated in uly '' under the
name of 2.ranciscus und osehus3 .urnace% Today is included in
the Romanian <ational Fatrimony as a historical monument%
There are few eole who &now
that the famous sym!ol of Faris,
+iffel Tower, was constructed in
accordance to the lans of an
original technology invented !y
a Romanian engineer, heorghe
Fanculescu% ustave +iffel
himself visited him, at that time
Fanculescu !eing the insector
of Romanian Railways% They
discussed the modality of
adating the new technology to!uilding u the tower%
*nd P the steel used for the
tower was, most art of it,
roduced in Resita%
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The first
hydroelectrical
lant in Resita
was !uilt
!etween
'?NL-'?N4 and
is still wor&ing
today%
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TH+
>I<+TIC.O6<T*I<
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T:EOY+IC
S;I++IN9
OO
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S<*FSHOTS O. R+SIT*
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Fanoramic view
Figeons 2invading3
the central s8uare
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Covered !y the cold garment of a long winter
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CoalKs road susended in the chilly air
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Semenic Hotel
The <ational Romanian )an&
Q Resita )ranch
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The oyvaent :a
UNIVERSA
the odest !odern sho# in
Resita
Ro,,e :ote
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Interior of the ChurchFSaints eter and auG
Rei,ious Cee&ration FET US $E I9:TG
on a! Sunday" +arch /0
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rna - the erfect
summer destination for a!out
'N NNN eole% The small
mountain village, at a!out 'NNN
m altitude, comes to life every
summer, as the azz .estival!rings an overa!undance of
musicians and tourists from all
over the world%
arana is a true arts cam for
Dazz festivals, roc& concerts, fol&
festivals, e7hi!itions, !oo&releases, !i&ing cometitions and
new things one discovers every
season% It is the one of the most
imortant laces for eastern
+uroean cultural tourism%
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F$anat Rin, 'anceG Q festival of oular traditional music and dances organised, every
year, !y The Town Hall of Resita and The ;ocal Council of the municiality% The event ta&es
lace on the day of cele!rating Saints Feter and Faul "une 0?#, the two rotectors of the town%
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S6RRO6<I<S
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TH+ S+=+<IC =O6<T*I<S
+verything starts with a tiny flower 2semenic3, actually a
rare flower growing in the wilderness of the mountains%
Therefore, this western Romanian s&i resort was named
after it, as a similarity to the rareness of the !eauty that one
can discover within this uni8ue location% The resort is
located on the mountain with the same name, which is a
art of the )anat =ountains in Caras-Severin County% It is
situated on to of =ount Semenic at an altitude of ',4NNm
at a!out LA &m away from the county caital Resita% It is a
fact that on =ount Semenic, in comarison with the others&i resorts of Romania, the snow gets the thic&est
throughout the year, fre8uently reaching a layer thic&ness
a!ove 0 m, that stretches the s&i season u to the end of
*ril, and sometimes even =ay%
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;a&e on the river )arzava used as a
water reservoir for the city of Resita% It
is used to roduce electricity and
water% )uilt in '?N?, Ealiug la&e is
framed !y la&es ozna ustream and
Secu located downstream%
E*;I6 ;*>+
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)+6S<IT* 5*T+R.*;;)I*R 5*T+R.*;;
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CO=*R<IC C*E+
In '?4, the Romanian
*cademy declared
Comarnic Cave as a
natural reservation%
Today is included in theFrotected <atural
Bones of <ational
Interest%
TH+ <+R* >+YS 2CH+I;+ <+R+I3
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TH+ <+R* >+YS - 2CH+I;+ <+R+I3
TH+ +Y+ O. TH+ T6R>ISH <O);+=*< i
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TH+ +Y+ O. TH+ T6R>ISH <O);+=*< Q a mysterious !lue la&e that
never freezes% The legend says that it was !orn out of the tragic love !etween a Tur&ish
no!leman and a local sheherdess% The no!lemanKs father wanted to &ill the girl, !ut her
lover defended her !ravely% However, in his fight he lost one of his eyes% Since then, his
eye has never stoed shedding tears for the lost love% This is the sring of the la&e%
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P veil a wild
!eauty with rarenatural wonders%
'? &m with more
than 1NN caves
and ( natural
reservations%
TH+ C*R*S >+YS
2CH+I;+ C*R*S6;6I3
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C*R*SOE* EI;;*+ Q
the gate to 2Cheile Carasului3
<ational Far&
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*<I<*
The *nina-Oravita railway
was the first in Romania,
!uilt in '(1A, it is still in use
today for touristic uroses,and it is one of the most
!eautiful railways in +uroe
due to very ictures8ue
landscaes, viaducts and
long tunnels%
*nina occurs !etween Cheile<erei - )eusnita <ational
Far& and Semenic - Cheile
Carasului <ational Far&,
and due to its natural and
industrial heritage deserves
the status of a geoar&, a
much needed status for suchan imortant geological and
historical area%
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H+RC6;*<+ SF*
Town in South-5est Romania "Caras-Severin
county#, situated in the Cerna Ealley, !etween the
=ehedinti =ountains in the east and the Cerna=ountains in the west%
The climate suffers =editerranean influences% The
average annual temerature is of '4C "uly
average 00C anuary average 'C#% 5inters are
mild, summers cool, sring is short and comes
early and autumn is long% The air is owerfully
ionized "0NNN negative ionsGcu%cm#%This is the oldest health resort in Romania, &nown
since the Roman times, when it was called *d
a8uas Hercules sacras "its documentary attestation
as a resort dates !ac& to *%% '1L#, for the
theraeutical effects of the sulhurous, sodic,
calcic, magnesian, thermal waters, used !oth in
internal and e7ternal cures% iven the high
temerature of the mineral waters "L(-ANC# and
the varied mineralization, their hysiologic action
is comle7 and the theraeutical value - matchless%
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* * S
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TH+ ;*>+ 5ITH TH+ 5*T+R ;Y;I+S
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What takes me always back home?Is it the faded innocence of remembrance?
Remember Resita as a world of wonders waiting to be revealed
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