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Facts and Figures about Cambodia
Contents
Amounts in $ are United States dollars.
Population
Cambodia's census conducted in 2008 recorded a population of 13,395,682 (6,516,054 males and6,879,628 females).
The annual population growth rate declined from 2.49% in 1998 to 1.54% in 2008.
80.5% of Cambodians live in rural areas.
The average household size is 4.7 people.
Source
General Population Census of Cambodia 2008- Phnom Penh, National Institute of Statistics,Ministry of Planning, 2009.
Poverty
28.3% of Cambodians live on less than $1.25 (purchasing power parity) per day.
Source UNDP Human Development Report 2011.
Economy
Cambodia's Gross Domestic Product per capita in 2009 was $1,739.
Source UNDP Human Development Report 2011
Foreign direct investment approvals in Cambodia fell from $4.3 billion in 2006 to $2.7 billion in2007 [a]. According to the World Bank, the actual inflow in 2007 was $866 million [b].
Sources
[a] Sok Chenda, secretary general of the Council for the Development of Cambodia, quoted byKyodo News, 27 February 2008.
[b] Reported by Reuters, 7 January 2009.
In 2009, 820,284 customers, or 6% of Cambodia's population, held $2.9 billion in deposit accountsat Cambodia's 28 commercial banks.
Source: Tal Nay Im, Director General, National Bank of Cambodia, quoted in the Phnom Penh
Post, 31 August 2009.
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Agriculture accounts for 31% of Cambodia's gross domestic product and 3% of its exports
Source: Economic Institute of Cambodia survey, February 2006.
26.4% of Cambodian households use electricity as their main source of light; 33.7% have a toiletfacility within their premises; 47.0% have access to improved water sources (including pipedwater, tube/pipe well , protected dug well and rain water; 83.6% use firewood as their main type offuel for cooking
Source: General Population Census of Cambodia 2008- Phnom Penh, National Institute ofStatistics, Ministry of Planning, 2009.
Health
36% of children under 5 years of age are moderately or severely under weight and 37% are underheight for their age.
The infant mortality rate for the five years ending in 2005 was 65 per 1,000 live births [a] and the
under-5 mortality rate was 83 per 1,000 live births [a]. According to the Institute for Health Metricsand Evaluation at the University of Washington, under-5 mortality fell from 105.4 in 2000 to 59.7 in2010 [b].
Sources
[a] Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2005- Phnom Penh, National Institute ofStatistics, Ministry of Planning, 2006.
[b] Neonatal, postneonatal, childhood, and under-5 mortality for 187 countries, 1970-2010: asystematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 4published in The Lancet,
24 May 2010.
Education
The adult literacy rate for Cambodian men is 85.1%; that for women is 70.9%
Source:General Population Census of Cambodia 2008- Phnom Penh, National Institute ofStatistics, Ministry of Planning, 2009.
Educational levels completed by literate persons aged 25 years and over are as follows:
No educational
level: 3.2%Primary not
completed: 47.2%Primary:
26.8%
Lower
Secondary:
18.8%
Secondary/Diploma:
2.2%
Beyond
Secondary:
1.8%
The percentage of the population in each group attending an educational institution are as follows:
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28.91%80.19%51.83%14.37%1.20%
Source: General Population Census of Cambodia 2008- Phnom Penh, National Institute ofStatistics, Ministry of Planning, 2009.
11% of children have access to early education services
Source: Department of Early Childhood Education, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport, 2006.
About 8,000 students graduate each year from Cambodias 47 colleges and universities
Source: Roth Sokha, Director of the Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education,Youth and Sport, quoted in the Phnom Penh Post, 16 June 2006.
The National Library of Cambodia contains about 100,000 books, of which 20,000 are books thatsurvived the Khmer Rouge regime
Source: Phnom Penh Post, 12 August 2005.
Employment
71% of Cambodia's labour force are involved in agriculture
Source: Economic Institute of Cambodia survey, February 2006.
About 300,000 people are added to Cambodia's labour force each year [a], but the country'seconomic growth generates only between 20,000 and 30,000 new jobs each year [b].
Sources
[a] World Bank, quoted in the Phnom Penh Post, 16 June 2006.
[b] Economic Institute of Cambodia, quoted in the Cambodia Daily, 16 June 2006.
Religion
There are an estimated 4,392 Theravada Buddhist pagodas and 105 Mahayana Buddhist templesin Cambodia
There are approximately 464,000 Muslims in Cambodia, 280 mosques and 374 small suravs(meeting places that have congregations of up to 40 persons and do not have a minbar from whichFriday sermons are given).
Sources: International Religious Freedom Report 2010, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, andLabor, US Department of State.
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The Christian Church
In 1990, when the Christian churcgovernment, there were ten Prote
At a consultation held at the endagencies estimated that there wer
Christians in Cambodia. The numMinistry of Religion and Cults.
The International Religious Freedand Labor, US Department of Staapproximately 2% of Cambodia's(1,224 Protestant and 68 Romangovernment. In adition, the reportgovernment makes a legal distincchurch requires that the foundersfacility must have a minimum cap
of at least 100 congregants. By cfacilities/property, does not requirrequires only 20 supporters.'
Source
International Religious FreedomUS Department of State.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++
The mosque Nur ul-Ihsaan in Phnom
Islam is the religion of a majority of t
Cambodia. According to Po Dharma,
Persecution under the Khmer Rouge
had not regained their former strengt
population, or 236,000 people were
Shafi'i school.[citation needed]
There is al
Dharma divides the Muslim Cham in
h in Cambodia was granted permission tstant churches in the country, all in Phno
f 2002, leaders of churches, denominatie over 2,000 evangelical churches and o
er of churches includes those awaiting r
m Report 2010, from the Bureau of Dee, estimated that the Christian communipopulation. The report stated that Camb
atholic), of which about 1,000 are regisrefers to 883 'offices of prayer' . The repion between churches and offices of praown the building and the land where thecity of 200 persons, and the permit appli
ntrast, an office of prayer can be locateda minimum capacity for the facility, and
eport 2010, Bureau of Democracy, Hum
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Penh
he Cham (also called KhmerIslam) and Mal
there were 150,000 to 200,000 Muslims in C
roded their numbers, however, and by the la
. In 2009, the Pew Research Center estimate
uslims.[1]
All of the Cham Muslims are Sun
o a growing Ahmadiyya Muslim Communit
Cambodia into a traditionalist branch and an
operate by them Penh.
ns and missionver 100,000 evangelical
egistration by the
ocracy, Human Rights,y constitutesdia has 1,292 churchesered with thert explains: 'The
yer. Establishment of achurch is located. Theication requires support
on/in rentedthe permit application
an Rights, and Labor,
++++++++==
ay minorities in
ambodia as late as 1975.
te 1980s they probably
d that 1.6% of the
is[citation needed]
of the
in Cambodia.[2]
Po
orthodox branch.
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Background of Early Islam
The Cham Muslims trace their ancestry to one of the father-in-laws of Prophet Muhammad,[3]
who is Jahsh,
the father ofZaynab bint Jahsh.[4]
It was in the wake of many Sahabas who arrived in Indo-Chin in 617-18
from Abyssinia by sea route.[5]
Community Life
The Cham have their own mosques. In 1962 there were about 100 mosques in the country. At the end of the
nineteenth century, the Muslims in Cambodia formed a unified community under the authority of four
religious dignitariesmupti, tuk kalih, raja kalik, and tvan pake. A council of notables in Cham villages
consisted of one hakem and several katip, bilal, and labi. The four high dignitaries and the hakem were
exempt from personal taxes, and they were invited to take part in major national ceremonies at the royal
court. When Cambodia became independent, the Islamic community was placed under the control of a five-
member council that represented the community in official functions and in contacts with other Islamic
communities. Each Muslim community has a hakem who leads the community and the mosque, an imam
who leads the prayers, and a bilal who calls the faithful to the daily prayers. The peninsula of Chrouy
Changvar near Phnom Penh is considered the spiritual center of the Cham, and several high Muslim officials
reside there. Each year some of the Cham go to study the Qur'an at Kelantan in Malaysia, and some go on tostudy in, or make a pilgrimage to, Mecca. According to figures from the late 1950s, about 7 percent of the
Cham had completed the pilgrimage and could wear the fez or turban as a sign of their accomplishment.
The traditional Cham retain many ancient Muslim or pre-Muslim traditions and rites. They consider Allah as
the all-powerful God, but they also recognize other non-Islamic practices. They are closer, in many respects,
to the Cham of coastal Vietnam than they are to other Muslims. The religious dignitaries of the traditional
Cham (and of the Cham in Vietnam) dress completely in white, and they shave their heads and faces. These
Cham believe in the power of magic and sorcery, and they attach great importance to magical practices in
order to avoid sickness or slow or violent death. They believe in many supernatural powers. Although they
show little interest in the pilgrimage to Mecca and in the five daily prayers, the traditional Cham do
celebrate many Muslim festivals and rituals.
The orthodox Cham have adopted a more conformist religion largely because of their close contacts with,
and intermarriages with, the Malay community. In fact, the orthodox Cham have adopted Malay customs
and family organization, and many speak the Malay language. They send pilgrims to Mecca, and they attend
international Islamic conferences. Conflicts between the traditional and the orthodox Cham increased
between 1954 and 1975. For example, the two groups polarized the population of one village, and each
group eventually had its own mosque and separate religious organization.
Persecution
Further information: Persecution of Muslims
According to Cham sources, 132 mosques were destroyed during the Khmer Rouge era, many others weredesecrated, and Muslims were not allowed to worship. Later, since the Vietnamese-installed PRK regime,
Islam has been given the same freedom as Buddhism. Vickery believes that about 185,000 Cham lived in
Cambodia in the mid-1980s and that the number of mosques was about the same then as it was before 1975.
In early 1988, there were six mosques in the Phnom Penh area and a "good number" in the provinces, but
Muslim dignitaries were thinly stretched; only 20 of the previous 113 most prominent Cham clergy in
Cambodia survived the Khmer Rouge period.
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Today
Today, Muslims are able to practice their religion normally and out in the open. This commenced in the
People Republic of Kampuchea era where Islam was given the same freedom as that of Buddhism, the
official religion practiced by the majority of Cambodians. The Chams also enjoy democratic rights like all
Khmer citizens, with the right to vote and be elected as politicians.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Majlis Khatam Al-Quran Perdana
Adik Askadavi Muhammad Abdul Ghani, Johan Tilawah Al-Quran
Pada 5hb Februari 2012 yang lalu telah berlangsungnya Majlis Khatam Al-Quran Perdana untuk kanak-
kanak Kemboja di Masjid Nurul Naim, Phnom Penh. 500 orang kanak-kanak dari pelbagai wilayah
Kemboja telah mengambil bahagian. Majlis ini dianjurkan bersempena dengan program Ziarah UkhuwwahFil `Amal ke Kemboja anjuran Global Peace Mission Malaysia (GPM) dengan kerjasama Future Global
Network (FGN) dan Open Universiti Malaysia (OUM) serta Cambodian Muslim Intellectual Alliance
(CMIA) sebuah NGO tempatan yang menjadi rakan pelaksana kepada program-program anjuran GPM di
Kemboja. Di samping khatam al-Quran, diadakan juga majlis tilawah, hafazan dan syarahan agama untuk
kategori lelaki dan perempuan sebagai satu usaha untuk menggilap potensi mereka yang mengambil
bahagian. Setelah melihat sendiri penyertaan mereka ternyata kanak-kanak ini mempunyai bakat yang besar
untuk berjaya jika diberikan peluang dan bimbingan.
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Laporan Bicara Agama - Akhabr Utusan Malaysia
Penyerahan Al-Quran & Terjemahan Bahasa Khmer kepada
PelajarPhnom Penh, 4 Februari 2012. Future Global Network Foundation (FGN) sebagai rakan pelaksana kepada
Global Peace Mission (GPM) untuk program pendidikan di Kemboja telah berjaya mengedarkan 500
naskhah A-Quran & Terjemahan dalam bahasa Khmer kepada pelajar-pelajar di Pusat Pengajian Ummul
Qura sempena Ziarah Ukhuwwah Fil `Amal ke Kemboja.
Masyarakat Khmer di Kemboja ketika ini merupakan bangsa majoriti (95%). Peluang untuk mereka
mendalami ilmu Islam dari sumber Quran dan Sunah pula adalah kecil. Oleh itu, terjemahan al-Quran di
dalam bahasa Khmer adalah diharapkan dapat membantu menyebarkan ajaran Islam. Sekiranya langkah ini
tidak diambil, adalah dikhuatiri akan tertanam sikap prejudis terhadap Islam seperti yang berlaku di negara
barat sekarang.
Cetakan Al-Quran ini adalah hasil daripada sumbangan rakyat Malaysia yang prihatin melalui kempen
Infaq Ramadhan Al-Quran dan Muqaddam untuk Kemboja yang dilancarkan oleh GPM pada Ramadhan
1432H yang lalu. Kepada para penyumbang, terima kasih daun keladi...
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Untuk makluman, FGN dengan kerjasama Global Peace Mission(GPM) dan Cambodian Muslim
Intellectual Alliance (CMIA) telah berjaya mengedarkan 10,000 naskhah Muqaddam kepada
kanak-kanak di Kemboja pada Ramadhan yang lalu sumbangan rakyat Malaysia yang prihatin.
(lihat laporan sebelum ini)
Prayer Schedule March / 2012
Date Day Fajr Sunrise Dhuhr Asr Maghrib Isha
7 Wed 4:52 6:02 12:02 3:22 6:00 7:07
8 Thu 4:52 6:01 12:01 3:22 6:00 7:07
9 Fri 4:51 6:01 12:01 3:21 6:01 7:07
10 Sat 4:50 6:00 12:01 3:21 6:01 7:07
11 Sun 4:50 6:00 12:01 3:21 6:01 7:07
12 Mon 4:49 5:59 12:00 3:20 6:01 7:07
13 Tue 4:48 5:58 12:00 3:20 6:01 7:07
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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We attended Friday prayers at this mosque in Siem Reap which is located at the Muslim village not far from
the town centre. It was enlightening and eye opening to see how despite being a minority group in this town,
the locals are very passionate about their religious practices and customs.
There are over 80 Muslim families living at the Muslim village here in Siem Reap, all of whom are ethnic
Champas. The Champa people are descendents of the kingdom of Champa who form the majority of the
Muslim population in Cambodia, Vietnam as well as Thailand. Champas are ethnically closely related to
Malays which probably explains the similarities between some of their words to Malay words. According to
our guide Yusof, Kampong Cham not far from Phnom Penh has the highest number of Muslims in
Cambodia.
A mosque just outside of Phnom Penh
Ever since the 1950s till today, young Champas from Cambodia have been going to Kelantan and to
Southern Thailand to learn more about Islam and the Quran.
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The religious school in Siem Reap
There were an estimated 200,000 Muslims in Cambodia in 1975 who formed a unified community under the
authority of various religious dignitaries headed by 113 prominent Muslim clergy. However during the
Khmer Rouge era, 132 mosques were destroyed all over the country and only 20 out of the 113 clergy lived
past those violent years.
A more modern looking brand new mosque at the Muslim village outside of Phnom Penh
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The only estimate I could find on the number of Muslims in Cambodia was from the year 1985. It stated the
number of Muslims in Cambodia then at 185,000 people with around 100 mosques in the country, 6 of
which were in the capital Phnom Penh.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Cambodia: Siem Reap Dalam Dekapan Ukhuwah
REP | 18 February 2012 | 15:34 Dibaca: 72 Komentar: 3 Nihil
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Bersama Imam Masjid An-Nimah, Siem Reap -
Cambodia
Ketika saya menuliskan posting ini saya sedang duduk dipelataran Sok San AngkorGarden yang hijau dibelai semilir angin yang sejuk di daerah Siem Reap dekat denganOld Market yang terkenal karena menjadi salah satu tempat yang sering dikunjungipara wisatawan mancanegara.
Sebelumnya kami menginap diAngkor Saphire Hotelyang jaraknya lebih jauh daripenginapan saat ini. Setidaknya kami harus berjalan sekitar 20 menit untuk mencapaiOld Market. Selain itu kami memutuskan pindah ke penginapan saat ini karenapenginapan ini lokasinya yang cukup dekat dari Masjid An-Nimah, yang kata salahsatu jamaahnya merupakan salah satu yang tertua di negara Cambodia ini.
Saya dan teman-teman backpacker lain (Adi Heryadi, Ops Siagara, Midun, dan Ibnu)punya kesan tersendiri saat berkunjug ke Masjid An-Nimah ini. Selama perjalananmenuju masjid ini sudah terlihat kawasan ini memang kawasan berpenduduk muslim.
Ya, semacam lokalisasi bagi penduduk yang beragama Islam di Siem Reap yangmayoritas beragama Budha.
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Kesan pertama kami adalah : lingkungannya gersang dan tak terurus. Hmm..inipenilaian objektif. Sangat jauh berbeda dengan pusat kota Siem Reap yang begitubersih dan ter-maintenance dengan baik. Sangat kontras.
Namun terobati
Ketika pertama kali saya, Adi, dan Ops mencari masjid ini dan akhirnya kamimenemukannya, kami bersua salam sapa dengan Imam Masjidnya. Sungguh ramahdan seakan kami ini adalah saudaranya. Dia tak sungkan2 mempersilakan kamimasuk, menunjukan kami dimana tempat wudhu, toilet, dan meminjamkan kamisarung untuk kemudian shalat dzhuhur berjamaah bersama. Sungguh senangrasanya. Rasa ini sama ketika saya bertemu saudara muslim di Hiroshima danKyuhsu saat berkunjung ke Jepang agustus 2011 lalu serta di Malaysia dan Singapura
desember 2010 lalu.
Hmm..sepenilaian saya jika kita mengunjungi wilayah/negara yang dimana Islammenjadi minoritas maka ketika kita bertemu dengan muslim seakan tak ada lagipemisah diantara kita. Ukhuwah Islamiyah menjadi pemersatu kita semua. Bahkankita bisa mendapatkan keuntungan melalui hubungan batin ini. :)
Seakan kebetulan, walau tak ada yang kebetulan di dunia ini, saya memang sedangmembaca buku Dalam Dekapan Ukhuwah karya Salim A. Fillah, dan membawanyasebagai teman perjalanan :) .. Saya menemukan sinkronisasi antara apa yang saya
baca dengan kenyataan dilapangan :) maka benarlah apa yang Allah sebutkan dalamAl-Quran surat Al-Hujurat ayat 10 yang berbunyi : Sesungguhnya orang-orangmukmin itu bersaudara
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Dan semakin menghujam hati ketika kita membaca hal ini dan merasakannya dalamkenyataan,
Dan Allah yang mempersatukan hati para hamba yang beriman. Jikalau kaumenafkahkan perbendaharaan bumi seluruhnya untuk mengikat hati mereka, takkan
bisa kau himpunkan hati mereka. Tetapi Allah-lah yang telah menyatu-padukanmereka (Al-Anfal : 63)
Disinilah cinta sesungguhnya terhimpun, bukan karena satu darah, lebih dariitu..melebihi ikatan orang tua dan anak. Hubungan Iman melebihi segalanya. Suatuquote yang indah diungkapkan Salim A. Fillah dalam bukunya :
Dalam dekapan ukhuwah, kita mengambil cinta dari langit. Lalu menebarkannya dibumi. Sungguh di surga, menara-menara cahaya menjulang untuk hati yang salingmencinta. Mari membangunnya disini, dalam dekapan ukhuwah
Tahukah ketika kita ingin mengunjungi Angkor Wat yang merupakan icon negaraCambodia sekaligus merupakan salah satu World Heritage yang diakui oleh UN, kitasetidaknya harus menggunakan tuk-tuk untuk mengelilingi kawasan yang berhektar-hektar itu? Dan untuk menyewa tuk-tuk seharian kita harus mengeluarkan biaya $15dollar. Dan untuk lima orang kami harus menyewa 2 tuk-tuk walau kami pikir 1 tuk-tuk pun cukup. Namun karena kami berkenalan dengan Imam Masjid, kami panjanglebar berbincang mengenai Islam di Cambodia, dan pada akhirnya kami tahu kalaubeliau punya anak yang ternyata seorang supir tuk-tuk! Yeah! Akhirnya kami hanyaperlu mengeluarkan $15 saja untuk 1 tuk-tuk seharian penuh.
Di lingkungan sekitar masjid inilah kami akhirnya menemukan makanan halal. Adadua restoran makanan halal yang kami tahu. Yang pertama namanya CambodianMoslem Restaurant dan satu lagi restoran samping masjid. Alhamdulillah makanannya enaaaak! Sebelumnya kami kesulitan menemukan makanan halal di Vietnam(walau akhirnya dapat ;)) dan Cambodia, kebanyakan makanannya mengandungpork aka babi, huftkalo kami akhirnya tak dapat makan maka senjata terakhirnyaadalah makan bawaan dari Indonesia, mie instan, bubur instan, pokoke yang isntan-instan :)
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Oya, alhamdulillah kami berlima bisa merasakan indahnya shalat jumat berjamaah diMasjid An-Nimah ini. Saudara-saudara seiman dari berbagai penjuru Siem Reapberdatangan untuk melepas rindunya pada Sang Khalik :) dan disinilah terlihatukhuwah diantara mereka, nampak seindah persaudaraan kaum anshor dengan kaummuhajirin..
bada shalat jumat @ Masjid An-Nimah :)
Ya Allah, satukan kami dalam dekapan ukhuwah yang indah ini..karena kami salingmencinta karena-Mu ya Rabbal alamiin.. :)
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