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Title Publication number Summary of changes Date
Brocade ICX 6650 Layer 3 Routing
Configuration Guide
53-1002603-01 Release 07.4.00 document
updated with
enhancements in Release
07.5.00
September 2012
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Brocade ICX 6650 Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide iii
53-1002603-01
Contents
About This Document
Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Supported hardware and software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Brocade ICX 6650 slot and port numbering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
How this document is organized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii
Document conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Text formatting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Command syntax conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Notes, cautions, and warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Notice to the reader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv
Related publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv
Additional information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Brocade resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Other industry resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Getting technical help. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Document feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
Chapter 1 IP Configuration
Basic IP configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
IP configuration overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Full Layer 3 support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
IP interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
IP packet flow through a Layer 3 Switch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
IP route exchange protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
IP multicast protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
IP interface redundancy protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
ACLs and IP access policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Basic IP parameters and defaults Layer 3 Switches. . . . . . . . . . . 11
When parameter changes take effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
IP global parameters Layer 3 Switches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
IP interface parameters Layer 3 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Basic IP parameters and defaults Layer 2 Switches. . . . . . . . . . . 17
IP global parameters Layer 2 Switches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Interface IP parameters Layer 2 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
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Configuring IP parameters Layer 3 Switches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Configuring IP addresses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Configuring 31-bit subnet masks on
point-to-point networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Configuring DNS resolver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Configuring packet parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Changing the router ID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Specifying a single source interface for specified
packet types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
ARP parameter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Configuring forwarding parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Disabling ICMP messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Disabling ICMP redirect messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Static routes configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Configuring a default network route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Configuring IP load sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
IRDP parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol configuration . . . . . . . . . 61Configuring UDP broadcast and IP helper parameters . . . . . . .62
BootP and DHCP relay parameter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . .65
DHCP Server. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Displaying DHCP Server information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
DHCP Client-Based Auto-Configuration and flash
image update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Configuring IP parameters Layer 2 Switches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Configuring the management IP address and specifying
the default gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Configuring Domain Name Server resolver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Changing the TTL threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
DHCP Assist configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
IPv4 point-to-point GRE tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
IPv4 GRE tunnel overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
GRE packet structure and header format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Path MTU Discovery (PMTUD) support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
Configuration considerations for PMTUD support. . . . . . . . . . . 97
Support for IPv4 multicast routing over GRE tunnels . . . . . . . . 97
GRE support with other features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
Configuration considerations for GRE IP tunnels . . . . . . . . . . .98
Configuration tasks for GRE tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Point-to-point GRE tunnel configuration example . . . . . . . . . . 107
Displaying GRE tunneling information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Clearing GRE statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112Displaying IP configuration information and statistics . . . . . . . . . .113
Changing the network mask display to prefix format . . . . . . .113
Displaying IP information Layer 3 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . .113
Displaying IP information Layer 2 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
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RIPng timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159
Updating RIPng timers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159
Route learning and advertising parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Configuring default route learning and advertising. . . . . . . . .160
Advertising IPv6 address summaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160
Changing the metric of routes learned and
advertised on an interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Redistributing routes into RIPng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161
Controlling distribution of routes through RIPng. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Configuring poison reverse parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162
Clearing RIPng routes from the IPv6 route table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Displaying the RIPng configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164
Displaying RIPng routing table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
Chapter 5 OSPF version 2 (IPv4)
OSPF overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168
OSPF point-to-point links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Designated routers in multi-access networks . . . . . . . . . . . . .170
Designated router election in multi-access networks . . . . . . .170
OSPF RFC 1583 and 2178 compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Reduction of equivalent AS External LSAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172
Support for OSPF RFC 2328 Appendix E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Dynamic OSPF activation and configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175
Dynamic OSPF memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
OSPF graceful restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Configuring OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
OSPF configuration rules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177OSPF parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Enabling OSPF on the router. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Assigning OSPF areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179
Assigning an area range (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183
Assigning interfaces to an area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184
Modifying interface defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184
Changing the timer for OSPF authentication changes . . . . . .186
Block flooding of outbound LSAs on specific
OSPF interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Configuring an OSPF non-broadcast interface. . . . . . . . . . . . .188
Assigning virtual links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189
Modifying virtual link parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191
Changing the reference bandwidth for the cost
on OSPF interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192
Defining redistribution filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194
Preventing specific OSPF routes from being installed
in the IP route table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Modifying the default metric for redistribution . . . . . . . . . . . .200
Enabling route redistribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Disabling or re-enabling load sharing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .202
Configuring external route summarization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204
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Configuring default route origination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Modifying SPF timers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .206
Modifying the redistribution metric type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207
Administrative distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207
Configuring OSPF group Link State Advertisement pacing . . .208
Modifying OSPF traps generated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .208Specifying the types of OSPF Syslog messages to log . . . . . .209
Modifying the OSPF standard compliance setting. . . . . . . . . . 210
Modifying the exit overflow interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210
Configuring an OSPF point-to-point link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Configuring OSPF graceful restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Clearing OSPF information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212
Clearing OSPF neighbor information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212
Clearing OSPF topology information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .213
Clearing redistributed routes from the OSPF routing table. . . 213
Clearing information for OSPF areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .213
Displaying OSPF information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214
Displaying general OSPF configuration information . . . . . . . .214Displaying CPU utilization statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Displaying OSPF area information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .216
Displaying OSPF neighbor information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217
Displaying OSPF interface information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219
Displaying OSPF route information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .220
Displaying OSPF external link state information . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Displaying OSPF link state information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223
Displaying the data in an LSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224
Displaying OSPF virtual neighbor information . . . . . . . . . . . . .224
Displaying OSPF virtual link information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224
Displaying OSPF ABR and ASBR information. . . . . . . . . . . . . .225
Displaying OSPF trap status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225
Displaying OSPF graceful restart information . . . . . . . . . . . . .226
Chapter 6 OSPF version 3 (IPv6)
OSPF (IPv6) overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227
Differences between OSPF V2 and OSPF V3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .228
Link state advertisement types for OSPF V3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
OSPF V3 configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229
Enabling OSPF V3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229
Assigning OSPF V3 areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .230
Assigning interfaces to an area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231
Configuring virtual links. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231Changing the reference bandwidth for the cost on
OSPF V3 interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234
Redistributing routes into OSPF V3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235
External route summarization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .238
Filtering OSPF V3 routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Default route origination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Shortest path first timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Administrative distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .244
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Configuring the OSPF V3 LSA pacing interval . . . . . . . . . . . . .245
Modifying exit overflow interval. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Modifying external link state database limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245
Modifying OSPF V3 interface defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .246
Disabling or re-enabling event logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .247
IPsec for OSPF V3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247IPsec for OSPF V3 configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .248
Displaying OSPF V3 Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254
Displaying OSPF V3 area information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Displaying OSPF V3 database information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Displaying OSPF V3 interface information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .261
Displaying OSPF V3 memory usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .264
Displaying OSPF V3 neighbor information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Displaying routes redistributed into OSPF V3 . . . . . . . . . . . . .267
Displaying OSPF V3 route information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Displaying OSPF V3 SPF information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
Displaying IPv6 OSPF virtual link information . . . . . . . . . . . . .273
Displaying OSPF V3 virtual neighbor information . . . . . . . . . .273IPsec examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Chapter 7 BGP (IPv4)
BGP4 overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .282
Relationship between the BGP4 route table and
the IP route table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .282
How BGP4 selects a path for a route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
BGP4 message types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
BGP4 graceful restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
Basic configuration and activation for BGP4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287
Note regarding disabling BGP4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288BGP4 parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
BGP4 parameter changes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .289
Basic configuration tasks required for BGP4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291
Enabling BGP4 on the router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291
Changing the router ID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Setting the local AS number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Adding a loopback interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Adding BGP4 neighbors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Adding a BGP4 peer group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .299
Optional BGP4 configuration tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
Changing the Keep Alive Time and Hold Time. . . . . . . . . . . . .304
Changing the BGP4 next-hop update timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .304Enabling fast external fallover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Changing the maximum number of paths for
BGP4 load sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .305
Customizing BGP4 load sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Specifying a list of networks to advertise. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Changing the default local preference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .309
Using the IP default route as a valid next hop for
a BGP4 route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
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Advertising the default route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Changing the default MED (Metric) used for
route redistribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310
Enabling next-hop recursion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Changing administrative distances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .313
Requiring the first AS to be the neighbor AS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315Disabling or re-enabling comparison of the
AS-Path length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Enabling or disabling comparison of the router IDs . . . . . . . .315
Configuring the Layer 3 switch to always compare
Multi-Exit Discriminators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Treating missing MEDs as the worst MEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Route reflection parameter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Configuration notes for BGP4 autonomous systems . . . . . . .320
Aggregating routes advertised to BGP4 neighbors . . . . . . . . . 323
Configuring BGP4 graceful restart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Configuring timers for BGP4 graceful restart (optional) . . . . .324
BGP null0 routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .325Configuration steps for BGP null0 routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
Configuration examples for BGP null0 routing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Show commands for BGP null0 routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
Modifying redistribution parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .330
Redistributing connected routes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
Redistributing RIP routes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Redistributing OSPF external routes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Redistributing static routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .332
Disabling or re-enabling re-advertisement of all learned
BGP4 routes to all BGP4 neighbors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Redistributing IBGP routes into RIP and OSPF. . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333Specific IP address filtering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333
AS-path filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
BGP4 filtering communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .338
Defining IP prefix lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .340
Defining neighbor distribute lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Defining route maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .342
Using a table map to set the tag value. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Configuring cooperative BGP4 route filtering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Route flap dampening configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .354
Globally configuring route flap dampening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .355
Using a route map to configure route flap dampening
for specific routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .355Using a route map to configure route flap dampening for
a specific neighbor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
Removing route dampening from a route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Removing route dampening from neighbor routes
suppressed due to aggregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .357
Displaying and clearing route flap dampening statistics . . . .359
Generating traps for BGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
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Displaying BGP4 information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Displaying summary BGP4 information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Displaying the active BGP4 configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .364
Displaying CPU utilization statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364
Displaying summary neighbor information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .366
Displaying BGP4 neighbor information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367Displaying peer group information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378
Displaying summary route information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .379
Displaying the BGP4 route table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
Displaying BGP4 route-attribute entries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
Displaying the routes BGP4 has placed in the
IP route table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Displaying route flap dampening statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .388
Displaying the active route map configuration . . . . . . . . . . . .389
Displaying BGP4 graceful restart neighbor information . . . . . 390
Updating route information and resetting a neighbor session . . .390
Using soft reconfiguration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .391
Dynamically requesting a route refresh froma BGP4 neighbor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393
Closing or resetting a neighbor session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .396
Clearing and resetting BGP4 routes in the IP route table . . . .397
Clearing traffic counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .397
Clearing route flap dampening statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398
Removing route flap dampening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .398
Clearing diagnostic buffers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
Chapter 8 IPv6
Static IPv6 route configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
Configuring a static IPv6 route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
IPv6 over IPv4 tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .403
IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel configuration notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .403
Configuring a manual IPv6 tunnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .404
Clearing IPv6 tunnel statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .405
Displaying IPv6 tunnel information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
ECMP load sharing for IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .408
Disabling or re-enabling ECMP load sharing for IPv6 . . . . . . .409
Changing the maximum load sharing paths for IPv6 . . . . . . .409
Enabling support for network-based ECMP
load sharing for IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
Displaying ECMP load-sharing information for IPv6 . . . . . . . .409
Chapter 9 VRRP and VRRP-E
VRRP and VRRP-E overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
VRRP overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
VRRP-E overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
ARP behavior with VRRP-E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
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Comparison of VRRP and VRRP-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .420
VRRP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .420
VRRP-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .420
Architectural differences between VRRP and VRRP-E. . . . . . .421
VRRP and VRRP-E parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .422
Note regarding disabling VRRP or VRRP-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .425
Basic VRRP parameter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .425
Configuration rules for VRRP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425
Configuring the Owner for IPv4 VRRP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .426
Configuring the Owner for IPv6 VRRP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .426
Configuring a Backup for IPv4 VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .427
Configuring a Backup for IPv6 VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .428
Configuration considerations for IPv6 VRRP v3 and
IPv6 VRRP-E v3 support on Brocade devices . . . . . . . . . . . . .429
Basic VRRP-E parameter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .430
Configuration rules for VRRP-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .430
Configuring IPv4 VRRP-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .430
Configuring IPv6 VRRP-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .431
Additional VRRP and VRRP-E parameter configuration . . . . . . . . .432
VRRP and VRRP-E authentication types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .433
VRRP router type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .435
Suppression of RIP advertisements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .436
Hello interval configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .437
Dead interval configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .438
Backup Hello message state and interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438
Track port configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .439
Track priority configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
Backup preempt configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .440
Changing the timer scale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
VRRP-E slow start timer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .441VRRP-E Extension for Server Virtualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .442
Forcing a Master router to abdicate to a Backup router. . . . . . . . .445
Displaying VRRP and VRRP-E information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .446
Displaying summary information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .446
Displaying detailed information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .448
Displaying statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .454
Clearing VRRP or VRRP-E statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .456
Displaying CPU utilization statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456
Displaying VRRP and VRRP-E information for IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . .458
Displaying detailed information for IPv6 VRRP v3 and
IPv6 VRRP-E v3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .458Configuration examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .460
VRRP example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .460
VRRP-E example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461
Index
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About This Document
The Brocade ICX 6650 is a ToR (Top of Rack) Ethernet switch for campus LAN and classic Ethernet
data center environments.
Audience
This document is designed for system administrators with a working knowledge of Layer 2 and
Layer 3 switching and routing.
If you are using a Brocade Layer 3 Switch, you should be familiar with the following protocols if
applicable to your network: IP, RIP, OSPF, BGP, ISIS, PIM, and VRRP.
Supported hardware and software
This document is specific to the Brocade ICX 6650 running FastIron 7.5.00.
Brocade ICX 6650 slot and port numbering
Many CLI commands require users to enter port numbers as part of the command syntax, andmany showcommand outputs display port numbers. The port numbers are entered and displayed
in stack-unit/slot number/port number format. In all Brocade ICX 6650 inputs and outputs, the
stack-unit number is always 1.
The Brocade ICX 6650 contains the following slots and Ethernet ports:
Slot 1 is located on the front of the ICX 6650 device and contains ports 1 through 56. Ports 1
through 32 are 10 GbE. Ports 33 through 56 are 1/10 GbE SFP+ ports. Refer to the following
figure.
Slot 1
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Slot 2 is located on the back of the Brocade ICX 6650 device and contains ports 1 through 3
on the top row and port 4 on the bottom row. These ports are 2x40 GbE QSFP+. Refer to the
following figure.
Slot 3 is located on the back of the Brocade ICX 6650 device and contains ports 1 through 8.
These ports are 4 x 10 GbE breakout ports and require the use of a breakout cable. Refer to
the previous figure.
How this document is organized
This document is organized to help you find the information that you want as quickly and easily as
possible.
The document contains the following components:
IP Configurationon page 1
Base Layer 3 and Routing Protocolson page 133
RIP (IPv4)on page 141
RIP (IPv6)on page 157
OSPF version 2 (IPv4)on page 167
OSPF version 3 (IPv6)on page 227
BGP (IPv4)on page 281
IPv6on page 401
VRRP and VRRP-Eon page 411
Slot 2
Slot 2 Slot 3
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Document conventions
This section describes text formatting conventions and important notice formats used in this
document.
Text formatting
The narrative-text formatting conventions that are used are as follows:
boldtext Identifies command names
Identifies the names of user-manipulated GUI elements
Identifies keywords and operands
Identifies text to enter at the GUI or CLI
italictext Provides emphasis
Identifies variables
Identifies paths and Internet addresses
Identifies document titles
codetext Identifies CLI output
Identifies command syntax examples
For readability, command names in the narrative portions of this guide are presented in mixed
lettercase: for example, switchShow. In actual examples, command lettercase is all lowercase.
Command syntax conventions
Command syntax in this manual follows these conventions:
Notes, cautions, and warningsThe following notices and statements are used in this manual. They are listed below in order of
increasing severity of potential hazards.
NOTEA note provides a tip, guidance, or advice, emphasizes important information, or provides a
reference to related information.
command Commands are printed in bold.
- - option, option Command options are printed in bold.
- argument, arg Arguments.
[ ] Optional elements appear in brackets.
variable Variables are printed in italics. In the help pages, values are underlined or
enclosed in angled brackets < >.
... Repeat the previous element, for example member[;member...]
value Fixed values following arguments are printed in plain font. For example,
--showWWN
| Boolean. Elements are exclusive. Example: --show-modeegress | ingress
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ATTENTION
An Attention statement indicates potential damage to hardware or data.
CAUTION
A Caution statement alerts you to situations that can be potentially hazardous to you or cause
damage to hardware, firmware, software, or data.
DANGER
A Danger statement indicates conditions or situations that can be potentially lethal or extremely
hazardous to you. Safety labels are also attached directly to products to warn of these conditions
or situations.
Notice to the reader
This document might contain references to the trademarks of the following corporations. These
trademarks are the properties of their respective companies and corporations.
These references are made for informational purposes only.
Related publications
The following Brocade documents supplement the information in this guide:
Brocade ICX 6650 Release Notes
Brocade ICX 6650 Hardware Installation Guide New
Brocade ICX 6650 Administration Guide
Brocade ICX 6650 Platform and Layer 2 Configuration Guide
Brocade ICX 6650 Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide
Brocade ICX 6650 Security Configuration Guide
Brocade ICX 6650 IP Multicast Configuration Guide
Corporation Referenced Trademarks and Products
Microsoft Corporation Windows, Windows NT, Internet Explorer
Oracle Corporation Oracle, Java
Netscape Communications Corporation Netscape
Mozilla Corporation Mozilla Firefox
Sun Microsystems, Inc. Sun, Solaris
Red Hat, Inc. Red Hat, Red Hat Network, Maximum RPM, Linux Undercover
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Brocade ICX 6650 slot and port numbering
Brocade ICX 6650 Diagnostic Reference
Unified IP MIB Reference
Ports-on-Demand Licensing for the Brocade ICX 6650
The latest versions of these guides are posted at http://www.brocade.com/ethernetproducts.
Additional information
This section lists additional Brocade and industry-specific documentation that you might find
helpful.
Brocade resources
To get up-to-the-minute information, go to http://my.brocade.comto register at no cost for a user ID
and password.
White papers, online demonstrations, and data sheets are available through the Brocade website
at:
http://www.brocade.com/products-solutions/products/index.page
For additional Brocade documentation, visit the Brocade website:
http://www.brocade.com
Release notes are available on the MyBrocade website.
Other industry resources
For additional resource information, visit the Technical Committee T11 website. This website
provides interface standards for high-performance and mass storage applications for Fibre
Channel, storage management, and other applications:
http://www.t11.org
For information about the Fibre Channel industry, visit the Fibre Channel Industry Association
website:
http://www.fibrechannel.org
Getting technical help
To contact Technical Support, go to
http://www.brocade.com/services-support/index.page
for the latest e-mail and telephone contact information.
http://my.brocade.com/http://www.brocade.com/products-solutions/products/index.pagehttp://www.brocade.com/http://www.t11.org/http://www.fibrechannel.org/http://www.brocade.com/products-solutions/products/index.pagehttp://www.brocade.com/products-solutions/products/index.pagehttp://www.brocade.com/http://www.brocade.com/products-solutions/products/index.pagehttp://www.fibrechannel.org/http://www.t11.org/http://my.brocade.com/8/10/2019 Brocade ICX6650 07500 Routing ConfigGuide
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Document feedback
Quality is our first concern at Brocade and we have made every effort to ensure the accuracy and
completeness of this document. However, if you find an error or an omission, or you think that a
topic needs further development, we want to hear from you. Forward your feedback to:
Provide the title and version number of the document and as much detail as possible about your
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Chapter
1IP Configuration
Table 1lists the IP features Brocade ICX 6650 devices support. These features are supported with
the full Layer 3 software image, except where explicitly noted.
TABLE 1
Supported IP features
Feature Brocade ICX 6650
BootP/DHCP relay Yes
Specifying which IP address will be
included in a DHCP/BootP reply packet
Yes
DHCP Server Yes
DHCP Client-Based Auto-Configuration Yes
DHCP Client-Based Flash image
Auto-update
Yes
DHCP assist Yes
Equal Cost Multi Path (ECMP) load sharing Yes
IP helper Yes
Single source address for the following
packet types:
Telnet
TFTP
Syslog
SNTP TACACS/TACACS+
RADIUS
SSH
SNMP
Yes
IPv4 point-to-point GRE IP tunnels Yes
Routes in hardware maximum:
Up to 7168 routes
Yes
Routing for directly connected IP subnets Yes
Virtual Interfaces:
Up to 512 virtual interfaces
Yes
31-bit subnet mask on point-to-pointnetworks
Yes
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Yes
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
(RARP)
Yes
IP follow Yes
Proxy ARP Yes
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Basic IP configuration
NOTE
The terms Layer 3 Switch and router are used interchangeably in this chapter and mean the same.
Basic IP configurationIP is enabled by default. Basic configuration consists of adding IP addresses for Layer 3 Switches,
enabling a route exchange protocol, such as the Routing Information Protocol (RIP).
If you are configuring a Layer 3 Switch, refer to Configuring IP addresseson page 19to add IP
addresses, then enable and configure the route exchange protocols, as described in other chapters
of this guide.
If you are configuring a Layer 2 Switch, refer to Configuring the management IP address and
specifying the default gatewayon page 88to add an IP address for management access through
the network and to specify the default gateway.
The rest of this chapter describes IP and how to configure it in more detail. Use the information in
this chapter if you need to change some of the IP parameters from their default values or you wantto view configuration information or statistics.
IP configuration overview
Brocade Layer 2 Switches and Layer 3 Switches support Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and IPv6.
IP support on Brocade Layer 2 Switches consists of basic services to support management access
and access to a default gateway.
Full Layer 3 support
IP support on Brocade full Layer 3 Switches includes all of the following, in addition to a highly
configurable implementation of basic IP services including Address Resolution Protocol (ARP),
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP), and Reverse ARP (RARP):
Route-only support (Global configuration level only)
Route redistribution
Local proxy ARP Yes
Jumbo frames
Up to 10,240 bytes
Yes
IP MTU (individual port setting) Yes
Path MTU discovery Yes
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP) Yes
Domain Name Server (DNS) resolver Yes
TABLE 1 Supported IP features (Continued)
Feature Brocade ICX 6650
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IP configuration overview
Route exchange protocols:
- Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
- Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
- Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGP4)
Multicast protocols:
- Internet Group Membership Protocol (IGMP)
- Protocol Independent Multicast Dense (PIM-DM)
- Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse (PIM-SM)
Router redundancy protocols:
- Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol Extended (VRRP-E)
- Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)
IP interfaces
NOTE
This section describes IPv4 addresses. For information about IPv6 addresses on Brocade ICX 6650
devices, refer to IPv6 addressing overview section in the Brocade ICX 6650 Administration Guide.
Brocade Layer 3 Switches and Layer 2 Switches allow you to configure IP addresses. On Layer 3
Switches, IP addresses are associated with individual interfaces. On Layer 2 Switches, a single IP
address serves as the management access address for the entire device.
All Brocade Layer 3 Switches and Layer 2 Switches support configuration and display of IP
addresses in classical subnet format (for example: 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0) and Classless
Interdomain Routing (CIDR) format (for example: 192.168.1.1/24). You can use either format when
configuring IP address information. IP addresses are displayed in classical subnet format by default
but you can change the display format to CIDR. Refer to Changing the network mask display to
prefix formaton page 113.
Layer 3 Switches
Brocade Layer 3 Switches allow you to configure IP addresses on the following types of interfaces:
Ethernet ports
Virtual routing interfaces (used by VLANs to route among one another)
Loopback interfaces
Each IP address on a Layer 3 Switch must be in a different subnet. You can have only one interface
that is in a given subnet. For example, you can configure IP addresses 192.168.1.1/24 and
192.168.2.1/24 on the same Layer 3 Switch, but you cannot configure 192.168.1.1/24 and
192.168.1.2/24 on the same Layer 3 Switch.
You can configure multiple IP addresses on the same interface.
The number of IP addresses you can configure on an individual interface depends on the Layer 3
Switch model. To display the maximum number of IP addresses and other system parameters you
can configure on a Layer 3 Switch, refer to Displaying and modifying system parameter default
settings section in the Brocade ICX 6650 Platform and Layer 2 Switching Configuration Guide.
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You can use any of the IP addresses you configure on the Layer 3 Switch for Telnet, or SNMP
access.
Layer 2 Switches
You can configure an IP address on a Brocade Layer 2 Switch for management access to the Layer2 Switch. An IP address is required for Telnet access and SNMP access.
You also can specify the default gateway for forwarding traffic to other subnets.
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IP packet flow through a Layer 3 Switch
Figure 1shows how an IP packet moves through a Brocade Layer 3 Switch.
FIGURE 1 IP Packet flow through a Brocade Layer 3 Switch
Figure 1shows the following packet flow:
1. When the Layer 3 Switch receives an IP packet, the Layer 3 Switch checks for filters on the
receiving interface.1If a deny filter on the interface denies the packet, the Layer 3 Switch
discards the packet and performs no further processing, except generating a Syslog entry and
SNMP message, if logging is enabled for the filter.
2. If the packet is not denied at the incoming interface, the Layer 3 Switch looks in the session
table for an entry that has the same source IP address and TCP or UDP port as the packet. If
the session table contains a matching entry, the Layer 3 Switch immediately forwards thepacket, by addressing it to the destination IP address and TCP or UDP port listed in the session
table entry and sending the packet to a queue on the outgoing ports listed in the session table.
The Layer 3 Switch selects the queue based on the Quality of Service (QoS) level associated
with the session table entry.
1. The filter can be an Access Control List (ACL) or an IP access policy.
IncomingPort
OutgoingPort
SessionTable
N
Y
FwdingCache
N
Y
NY
Y
N
PBR
orIP accpolicy
IP RouteTable
ARPCache
LoadBalancingAlgorithm
Mult.Equal-cost
Paths
LowestAdmin.
Distance
Lowest
Metric
Static ARPTable
RIP
OSPF
BGP4
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3. If the session table does not contain an entry that matches the packet source address and TCP
or UDP port, the Layer 3 Switch looks in the IP forwarding cache for an entry that matches the
packet destination IP address. If the forwarding cache contains a matching entry, the Layer 3
Switch forwards the packet to the IP address in the entry. The Layer 3 Switch sends the packet
to a queue on the outgoing ports listed in the forwarding cache. The Layer 3 Switch selects the
queue based on the Quality of Service (QoS) level associated with the forwarding cache entry.
4. If the IP forwarding cache does not have an entry for the packet, the Layer 3 Switch checks the
IP route table for a route to the packet destination. If the IP route table has a route, the Layer 3
Switch makes an entry in the session table or the forwarding cache, and sends the route to a
queue on the outgoing ports:
If the running-config contains an IP access policy for the packet, the software makes an
entry in the session table. The Layer 3 Switch uses the new session table entry to forward
subsequent packets from the same source to the same destination.
If the running-config does not contain an IP access policy for the packet, the software
creates a new entry in the forwarding cache. The Layer 3 Switch uses the new cache entry
to forward subsequent packets to the same destination.
The following sections describe the IP tables and caches:
ARP cache and static ARP table
IP route table
IP forwarding cache
Layer 4 session table
The software enables you to display these tables. You also can change the capacity of the tables on
an individual basis if needed by changing the memory allocation for the table.
ARP cache and static ARP table
The ARP cache contains entries that map IP addresses to MAC addresses. Generally, the entries
are for devices that are directly attached to the Layer 3 Switch.
An exception is an ARP entry for an interface-based static IP route that goes to a destination that is
one or more router hops away. For this type of entry, the MAC address is either the destination
device MAC address or the MAC address of the router interface that answered an ARP request on
behalf of the device, using proxy ARP.
ARP cache
The ARP cache can contain dynamic (learned) entries and static (user-configured) entries. The
software places a dynamic entry in the ARP cache when the Layer 3 Switch learns a device MAC
address from an ARP request or ARP reply from the device.
The software can learn an entry when the Layer 2 Switch or Layer 3 Switch receives an ARP request
from another IP forwarding device or an ARP reply. Here is an example of a dynamic entry:
Each entry contains the destination device IP address and MAC address.
I P Address MAC Address Type Age Por t1 10. 95. 6. 102 0000. 00f c. ea21 Dynami c 0 1/ 1/ 6
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Static ARP table
In addition to the ARP cache, Layer 3 Switches have a static ARP table. Entries in the static ARP
table are user-configured. You can add entries to the static ARP table regardless of whether or not
the device the entry is for is connected to the Layer 3 Switch.
NOTE
Layer 3 Switches have a static ARP table. Layer 2 Switches do not.
The software places an entry from the static ARP table into the ARP cache when the entry interface
comes up.
Here is an example of a static ARP entry.
No. I P Addr ess MAC Addr ess Type Age Port Stat us1 192. 168. 6. 111 0000. 003b. d210 Stat i c 0 1/ 1/ 1 Val i d
Each entry lists the information you specified when you created the entry.
Displaying ARP entriesTo display ARP entries, refer to the following sections:
Displaying the ARP cacheon page 118 Layer 3 Switch
Displaying the static ARP tableon page 120 Layer 3 Switch only
Displaying ARP entrieson page 129 Layer 2 Switch
To configure other ARP parameters, refer to the following sections:
ARP parameter configurationon page 35 Layer 3 Switch only
To increase the size of the ARP cache and static ARP table, refer to the following:
For dynamic entries, refer to the section Displaying and modifying system parameter default
settings section in the Brocade ICX 6650 Platform and Layer 2 Switching ConfigurationGuide. The ip-arpparameter controls the ARP cache size.
Static entries, Changing the maximum number of entries the static ARP table can holdon
page 40(Layer 3 Switches only). The ip-static-arpparameter controls the static ARP table size.
IP route table
The IP route table contains paths to IP destinations.
NOTE
Layer 2 Switches do not have an IP route table. A Layer 2 Switch sends all packets addressed to
another subnet to the default gateway, which you specify when you configure the basic IP
information on the Layer 2 Switch.
The IP route table can receive the paths from the following sources:
A directly-connected destination, which means there are no router hops to the destination
A static IP route, which is a user-configured route
A route learned through RIP
A route learned through OSPF
A route learned through BGP4
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The IP route table contains the best path to a destination:
When the software receives paths from more than one of the sources listed above, the
software compares the administrative distance of each path and selects the path with the
lowest administrative distance. The administrative distance is a protocol-independent value
from 1 through 255.
When the software receives two or more best paths from the same source and the paths have
the same metric (cost), the software can load share traffic among the paths based on
destination host or network address (based on the configuration and the Layer 3 Switch
model).
Here is an example of an entry in the IP route table.
Each IP route table entry contains the destination IP address and subnet mask and the IP address
of the next-hop router interface to the destination. Each entry also indicates the port attached to
the destination or the next-hop to the destination, the route IP metric (cost), and the type. The typeindicates how the IP route table received the route:
To display the IP route table, refer to Displaying the IP route tableon page 122(Layer 3
Switch only).
To configure a static IP route, refer to Static routes configurationon page 45(Layer 3 Switch
only).
To clear a route from the IP route table, refer to Clearing IP routeson page 124(Layer 3
Switch only).
To increase the size of the IP route table for learned and static routes, refer to the section
Displaying and modifying system parameter default settings section in the Brocade ICX 6650
Platform and Layer 2 Switching Configuration Guide:
-
For learned routes, modify theip-route parameter.
- For static routes, modify the ip-static-routeparameter.
IP forwarding cache
The IP forwarding cache provides a fast-path mechanism for forwarding IP packets. The cache
contains entries for IP destinations. When a Brocade Layer 3 Switch has completed processing and
addressing for a packet and is ready to forward the packet, the device checks the IP forwarding
cache for an entry to the packet destination:
If the cache contains an entry with the destination IP address, the device uses the information
in the entry to forward the packet out the ports listed in the entry. The destination IP address is
the address of the packet final destination. The port numbers are the ports through which the
destination can be reached.
If the cache does not contain an entry and the traffic does not qualify for an entry in the
session table instead, the software can create an entry in the forwarding cache.
Each entry in the IP forwarding cache has an age timer. If the entry remains unused for ten
minutes, the software removes the entry. The age timer is not configurable.
Here is an example of an entry in the IP forwarding cache.
Dest i nat i on Net Mask Gat eway Port Cost Type10. 1. 0. 0 255. 255. 0. 0 10. 1. 1. 2 1/ 1/ 1 2 R
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Each IP forwarding cache entry contains the IP address of the destination, and the IP address and
MAC address of the next-hop router interface to the destination. If the destination is actually an
interface configured on the Layer 3 Switch itself, as shown here, then next-hop information
indicates this. The port through which the destination is reached is also listed, as well as the VLAN
and Layer 4 QoS priority associated with the destination if applicable.
To display the IP forwarding cache, refer to Displaying the forwarding cacheon page 121.
NOTE
You cannot add static entries to the IP forwarding cache, although you can increase the number of
entries the cache can contain. Refer to the section Displaying and modifying system parameter
default settingssection in the Brocade ICX 6650 Platform and Layer 2 Switching Configuration
Guide.
Layer 4 session tableThe Layer 4 session provides a fast path for forwarding packets. A
session
is an entry that contains
complete Layer 3 and Layer 4 information for a flow of traffic. Layer 3 information includes the
source and destination IP addresses. Layer 4 information includes the source and destination TCP
and UDP ports. For comparison, the IP forwarding cache contains the Layer 3 destination address
but does not contain the other source and destination address information of a Layer 4 session
table entry.
The Layer 2 Switch or Layer 3 Switch selects the session table instead of the IP forwarding table for
fast-path forwarding for the following features:
Layer 4 Quality-of-Service (QoS) policies
IP access policies
To increase the size of the session table, refer to the section Displaying and modifying system
parameter default settingssection in the Brocade ICX 6650 Platform and Layer 2 Switching
Configuration Guide. The ip-qos-session parameter controls the size of the session table.
IP route exchange protocols
Brocade Layer 3 Switches support the following IP route exchange protocols:
Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGP4)
All these protocols provide routes to the IP route table. You can use one or more of these protocols,
in any combination. The protocols are disabled by default. For configuration information, refer to
the following:
Chapter 3, RIP (IPv4)
Chapter 5, OSPF version 2 (IPv4)
Chapter 7, BGP (IPv4)
I P Addr ess Next Hop MAC Type Port Vl an Pr i1 192. 168. 1. 11 DI RECT 0000. 0000. 0000 PU n/ a 0
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IP multicast protocols
Brocade Layer 3 Switches also support the following Internet Group Membership Protocol (IGMP)
based IP multicast protocols:
Protocol Independent Multicast Dense mode (PIM-DM)
Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse mode (PIM-SM)
For configuration information, refer to the Brocade ICX 6650 IP Multicast Configuration Guide. .
NOTE
Brocade Layer 2 Switches support IGMP and can forward IP multicast packets. For more information
see, Chapter 2, IP Multicast Reduction in the Brocade ICX 6650 IP Mulitcast Configuration Guide.
IP interface redundancy protocols
You can configure a Brocade Layer 3 Switch to back up an IP interface configured on another
Brocade Layer 3 Switch. If the link for the backed up interface becomes unavailable, the other
Layer 3 Switch can continue service for the interface. This feature is especially useful for providing
a backup to a network default gateway.
Brocade Layer 3 Switches support the following IP interface redundancy protocols:
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) A standard router redundancy protocol based on
RFC 2338. You can use VRRP to configure Brocade Layer 3 Switches and third-party routers to
back up IP interfaces on other Brocade Layer 3 Switches or third-party routers.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol Extended (VRRP-E) A Brocade extension to standard
VRRP that adds additional features and overcomes limitations in standard VRRP. You can use
VRRP-E only on Brocade Layer 3 Switches.
For configuration information, refer to the Chapter 9, VRRP and VRRP-E.
ACLs and IP access policies
Brocade Layer 3 Switches provide two mechanisms for filtering IP traffic:
Access Control Lists (ACLs)
IP access policies
Both methods allow you to filter packets based on Layer 3 and Layer 4 source and destination
information.
ACLs also provide great flexibility by providing the input to various other filtering mechanisms such
as route maps, which are used by BGP4.
IP access policies allow you to configure QoS based on sessions (Layer 4 traffic flows).
Only one of these filtering mechanisms can be enabled on a Brocade device at a time. Brocade
devices can store forwarding information for both methods of filtering in the session table.
For configuration information, see the Chapter, Rule-Based IP ACLs in theBrocade ICX 6650
Security Configuration Guide.
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Basic IP parameters and defaults Layer 3 Switches
TABLE 2 IP global parameters Layer 3 Switches
Parameter Description Default For more
information
IP state The Internet Protocol, version 4 Enabled
NOTE: You cannotdisable IP.
n/a
IP address and
mask notation
Format for displaying an IP address and its network
mask information. You can enable one of the
following:
Class-based format; example: 192.168.1.1
255.255.255.0
Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR) format;
example: 192.168.1.1/24
Class-based
NOTE:
Changing this
parameter
affects the
display of IP
addresses, but
you can enter
addresses in
either format
regardless of the
display setting.
page 113
Router ID The value that routers use to identify themselves toother routers when exchanging route information.
OSPF and BGP4 use router IDs to identify routers.
RIP does not use the router ID.
The IP addressconfigured on the
lowest-numbered
loopback interface.
If no loopback interface
is configured, then the
lowest-numbered IP
address configured on
the device.
page 31
Maximum
Transmission
Unit (MTU)
The maximum length an Ethernet packet can be
without being fragmented.
1500 bytes for Ethernet
II encapsulation
1492 bytes for SNAP
encapsulation
page 28
AddressResolution
Protocol (ARP)
A standard IP mechanism that routers use to learnthe Media Access Control (MAC) address of a device
on the network. The router sends the IP address of a
device in the ARP request and receives the device
MAC address in an ARP reply.
Enabled page 35
ARP rate
limiting
Lets you specify a maximum number of ARP packets
the device will accept each second. If the device
receives more ARP packets than you specify, the
device drops additional ARP packets for the
remainder of the one-second interval.
Disabled page 36
ARP age The amount of time the device keeps a MAC address
learned through ARP in the device ARP cache. The
device resets the timer to zero each time the ARP
entry is refreshed and removes the entry if the timer
reaches the ARP age.
NOTE: You also can change the ARP age on an
individual interface basis. Refer to Table 3
on page 15.
Ten minutes page 37
Proxy ARP An IP mechanism a router can use to answer an ARP
request on behalf of a host, by replying with the
router own MAC address instead of the host.
Disabled page 38
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Static ARP
entries
An ARP entry you place in the static ARP table. Static
entries do not age out.
No entries page 39
Time to Live
(TTL)
The maximum number of routers (hops) through
which a packet can pass before being discarded.
Each router decreases a packet TTL by 1 before
forwarding the packet. If decreasing the TTL causes
the TTL to be 0, the router drops the packet instead
of forwarding it.
64 hops page 41
Directed
broadcast
forwarding
A directed broadcast is a packet containing all ones
(or in some cases, all zeros) in the host portion of
the destination IP address. When a router forwards
such a broadcast, it sends a copy of the packet out
each of its enabled IP interfaces.
NOTE:
You also can enable or disable this
parameter on an individual interface basis.
Refer to Table 3on page 15.
Disabled page 41
Directed
broadcast
mode
The packet format the router treats as a directed
broadcast. The following formats can be directed
broadcast:
All ones in the host portion of the packet
destination address.
All zeroes in the host portion of the packet
destination address.
All ones
NOTE: If you enable
all-zeroes
directed
broadcasts,
all-ones directed
broadcasts
remain enabled.
page 42
Source-routed
packet
forwarding
A source-routed packet contains a list of IP
addresses through which the packet must pass to
reach its destination.
Enabled page 41
Internet ControlMessage
Protocol (ICMP)
messages
The Brocade Layer 3 Switch can send the followingtypes of ICMP messages:
Echo messages (ping messages)
Destination Unreachable messages
Enabled page 43
ICMP Router
Discovery
Protocol (IRDP)
An IP protocol a router can use to advertise the IP
addresses of its router interfaces to directly
attached hosts. You can enable or disable the
protocol, and change the following protocol
parameters:
Forwarding method (broadcast or multicast)
Hold time
Maximum advertisement interval
Minimum advertisement interval
Router preference levelNOTE: You also can enable or disable IRDP and
configure the parameters on an individual
interface basis. Refer to Table 3on page 15.
Disabled page 58
Reverse ARP
(RARP)
An IP mechanism a host can use to request an IP
address from a directly attached router when the
host boots.
Enabled page 61
TABLE 2 IP global parameters Layer 3 Switches (Continued)
Parameter Description Default For more
information
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Static RARP
entries
An IP address you place in the RARP table for RARP
requests from hosts.NOTE: You must enter the RARP entries manually.
The Layer 3 Switch does not have a
mechanism for learning or dynamically
generating RARP entries.
No entries page 62
Maximum
BootP relay
hops
The maximum number of hops away a BootP server
can be located from a router and sti ll be used by the
router clients for network booting.
Four page 67
Domain name
for Domain
Name Server
(DNS) resolver
A domain name (example: brocade.router.com) you
can use in place of an IP address for certain
operations such as IP pings, trace routes, and Telnet
management connections to the router.
None configured page 25
DNS default
gatewayaddresses
A list of gateways attached to the router through
which clients attached to the router can reach DNSs.
None configured page 25
IP load sharing A Brocade feature that enables the router to balance
traffic to a specific destination across multiple
equal-cost paths.
IP load sharing uses a hashing algorithm based on
the source IP address, destination IP address,
protocol field in the IP header, TCP, and UDP
information.
NOTE: Load sharing is sometimes called Equal Cost
Multi Path (ECMP).
Enabled page 55
Maximum IP
load sharing
paths
The maximum number of equal-cost paths across
which the Layer 3 Switch is allowed to distribute
traffic.
Four page 58
Origination of
default routes
You can enable a router to originate default routes
for the following route exchange protocols, on an
individual protocol basis:
RIP
OSPF
BGP4
Disabled page 144
page 178
page 291
Default network
route
The router uses the default network route if the IP
route table does not contain a route to the
destination and also does not contain an explicit
default route (0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 or 0.0.0.0/0).
None configured page 54
TABLE 2 IP global parameters Layer 3 Switches (Continued)
Parameter Description Default For more
information
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IP interface parameters Layer 3 Switches
Table 3lists the interface-level IP parameters for Layer 3 Switches.
Static route An IP route you place in the IP route table. No entries page 45
Sourceinterface
The IP address the router uses as the sourceaddress for Telnet, RADIUS, or TACACS/TACACS+
packets originated by the router. The router can
select the source address based on either of the
following:
The lowest-numbered IP address on the
interface the packet is sent on.
The lowest-numbered IP address on a specific
interface. The address is used as the source for
all packets of the specified type regardless of
interface the packet is sent on.
The lowest-numbered IPaddress on the interface
the packet is sent on.
page 31
TABLE 3 IP interface parameters Layer 3 Switches
Parameter Description Default For more
information
IP state The Internet Protocol, version 4 Enabled
NOTE: You cannot
disable IP.
n/a
IP address A Layer 3 network interface address
NOTE: Layer 2 Switches have a single IP address
used for management access to the entire
device. Layer 3 Switches have separate IPaddresses on individual interfaces.
None configured1 page 19
Encapsulation type The format of the packets in which the router
encapsulates IP datagrams. The encapsulation
format can be one of the following:
Ethernet II
SNAP
Ethernet II page 28
Maximum
Transmission Unit
(MTU)
The maximum length (number of bytes) of an
encapsulated IP datagram the router can forward.
1500 for Ethernet II
encapsulated packets
1492 for SNAP
encapsulated packets
page 30
ARP age Locally overrides the global setting. Refer to
Table 2on page 12.
Ten minutes page 37
Metric A numeric cost the router adds to RIP routes
learned on the interface. This parameter applies
only to RIP routes.
1 (one) page 144
Directed broadcast
forwarding
Locally overrides the global setting. Refer to
Table 2on page 12.
Disabled page 41
ICMP Router
Discovery Protocol
(IRDP)
Locally overrides the global IRDP settings. Refer to
Table 2on page 12.
Disabled page 60
TABLE 2 IP global parameters Layer 3 Switches (Continued)
Parameter Description Default For more
information
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DHCP gateway
stamp
The router can assist DHCP/BootP Discovery
packets from one subnet to reach DHCP/BootPservers on a different subnet by placing the IP
address of the router interface that receives the
request in the request packet Gateway field.
You can override the default and specify the IP
address to use for the Gateway field in the
packets.
NOTE:
UDP broadcast forwarding for client
DHCP/BootP requests (bootps) must be
enabled (this is enabled by default) and
you must configure an IP helper address
(the server IP address or a directed
broadcast to the server subnet) on the port
connected to the client.
The lowest-numbered IP
address on the interfacethat receives the
request
page 66
DHCP Client-BasedAuto-Configuration
Allows the switch to obtain IP addresses from aDHCP host automatically, for either a specified
(leased) or infinite period of time.
Enabled page 80
DHCP Server All FastIron devices can be configured to function
as DHCP servers.
Disabled page 67
UDP broadcast
forwarding
The router can forward UDP broadcast packets for
UDP applications such as BootP. By forwarding the
UDP broadcasts, the router enables clients on one
subnet to find servers attached to other subnets.
NOTE:
To completely enable a cl ient UDP
application request to find a server on
another subnet, you must configure an IP
helper address consisting of the server IP
address or the directed broadcast addressfor the subnet that contains the server. See
the next row.
The router helps forward
broadcasts for the
following UDP
application protocols:
bootps
dns
netbios-dgm
netbios-ns
tacacs tftp
time
page 63
IP helper address The IP address of a UDP application server (such
as a BootP or DHCP server) or a directed broadcast
address. IP helper addresses allow the router to
forward requests for certain UDP applications from
a client on one subnet to a server on another
subnet.
None configured page 64
1. Some devices have a factory default, used for troubleshooting during installation. For Layer 3 Switches, the
address is on module 1 port 1 (or 1/1/1).
TABLE 3 IP interface parameters Layer 3 Switches (Continued)
Parameter Description Default For more
information
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Basic IP parameters and defaults Layer 2 Switches
IP is enabled by default. The following tables list the Layer 2 Switch IP parameters, their default
values, and where to find configuration information.
NOTE
Brocade Layer 2 Switches also provide IP multicast forwarding, which is enabled by default. For more
information about this feature, refer to the Brocade ICX 6650 IP Multicast Configuration Guide.
IP global parameters Layer 2 Switches
Table 4lists the IP global parameters for Layer 2 Switches.
TABLE 4
IP global parameters Layer 2 Switches
Parameter Description Default For more
information
IP addressand mask
notation
Format for displaying an IP address and its networkmask information. You can enable one of the
following:
Class-based format; example: 192.168.1.1
255.255.255.0
Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR) format;
example: 192.168.1.1/24
Class-based
NOTE: Changing this
parameter affects
the display of IP
addresses, but you
can enter
addresses in either
format regardless
of the display
setting.
page 113
IP address A Layer 3 network interface address
NOTE:
Layer 2 Switches have a single IP address
used for management access to the entire
device. Layer 3 Switches have separate IPaddresses on individual interfaces.
None configured1 page 88
Default
gateway
The IP address of a locally attached router (or a router
attached to the Layer 2 Switch by bridges or other
Layer 2 Switches). The Layer 2 Switch and clients
attached to it use the default gateway to
communicate with devices on other subnets.
None configured page 88
Address
Resolution
Protocol (ARP)
A standard IP mechanism that networking devices
use to learn the Media Access Control (MAC) address
of another device on the network. The Layer 2 Switch
sends the IP address of a device in the ARP request
and receives the device MAC address in an ARP reply.
Enabled
NOTE:
You cannot disable
ARP.
n/a
ARP age The amount of time the device keeps a MAC address
learned through ARP in the device ARP cache. Thedevice resets the timer to zero each time the ARP
entry is refreshed and removes the entry if the timer
reaches the ARP age.
Ten minutes
NOTE: You cannot changethe ARP age on
Layer 2 Switches.
n/a
Time to Live
(TTL)
The maximum number of routers (hops) through
which a packet can pass before being discarded.
Each router decreases a packet TTL by 1 before
forwarding the packet. If decreasing the TTL causes
the TTL to be 0, the router drops the packet instead of
forwarding it.
64 hops page 90
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Basic IP parameters and defaults Layer 2 Switches
Domain name
for DomainName Server
(DNS) resolver
A domain name (example: brocade.router.com) you
can use in place of an IP address for certainoperations such as IP pings, trace routes, and Telnet
management connections to the router.
None configured page 89
DNS default
gateway
addresses
A list of gateways attached to the router through
which clients attached to the router can reach DNSs.
None configured page 89
Source
interface
The IP address the Layer 2 Switch uses as the source
address for Telnet, RADIUS, or TACACS/TACACS+
packets originated by the router. The Layer 2 Switch
uses its management IP address as the source
address for these packets.
The management IP
address of the Layer 2
Switch.
NOTE: This parameter is
not configurable
on Layer 2
Switches.
n/a
DHCP gatewaystamp
The device can assist DHCP/BootP Discovery packetsfrom one subnet to reach DHCP/BootP servers on a
different subnet by placing the IP address of the
router interface that forwards the packet in the
packet Gateway field.
You can specify up to 32 gateway lists. A gateway list
contains up to eight gateway IP addresses. You
activate DHCP assistance by associating a gateway
list with a port.
When you configure multiple IP addresses in a
gateway list, the Layer 2 Switch inserts the addresses
into the DHCP Discovery packets in a round robin
fashion.
None configured page 94
DHCP
Client-BasedAuto-Configura
tion
Allows the switch to obtain IP addresses from a DHCP
host automatically, for either a specified (leased) orinfinite period of time.
Enabled page 80
1. Some devices have a factory default, used for troubleshooting during installation. For Layer 3 Switches, the
address is on port 1 (or 1/1/1).
TABLE 4 IP global parameters Layer 2 Switches (Continued)
Parameter Description Default For more
information
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Configuring IP parameters Layer 3 Switches
Interface IP parameters Layer 2 Switches
Table 5lists the interface-level IP parameters for Layer 2 Switches.
Configuring IP parameters Layer 3 Switches
The following sections describe how to configure IP parameters. Some parameters can be
configured globally while others can be configured on individual interfaces. Some parameters can
be configured globally and overridden for individual interfaces.
NOTE
This section describes how to configure IP parameters for Layer 3 Switches. For IP configuration
information for Layer 2 Switches, refer to Configuring IP parameters Layer 2 Switcheson
page 88.
Configuring IP addresses
You can configure an IP address on the following types of Layer 3 Switch interfaces:
Ethernet port
Virtual routing interface (also called a Virtual Ethernet or VE)
Loopback interface
By default, you can configure up to 24 IP addresses on each interface.
You can increase this amount to up to 128 IP subnet addresses per port by increasing the size of
the ip-subnet-port table.
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