The
Root
of
GrTh
e Ro
ot o
f Gr
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ess
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ess
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I III s ssss sss u uuu
e eee 1 111 0 000
1
Editorial
by M
yrna
Loy
“… T
ime i
s jus
t a co
llecti
on of
huma
n ex
perie
nces
combin
ed so
that
they
make
a lo
ng, f
lowin
g stre
am of
thou
ght.”
[Bar
ack
Oba
ma, a
ged 1
4]
I sat
ther
e on
e m
orni
ng in
late
Nov
embe
r,co
ntem
plat
ing
my
inco
nsist
encie
s.M
y m
ind
ran
on B
arac
k O
bam
a,fig
htin
g it
thro
ugh
to th
e fin
ish –
unw
aver
ing
and
com
-m
itted
to h
is va
lues
.Wha
t mak
es a
man
thin
k an
d be
have
like
that
? I w
atch
ed h
im c
urb
McC
ain’s
‘insu
lts’w
ith su
b-du
ed a
rrog
ance
– a
smirk
or w
as it
a sm
ile?
Smar
t,ha
nd-
som
e,cle
an,a
bit
ofw
hite
,a b
it of
blac
k an
d it
woul
dn’t
surp
rise
me
ifth
ere
was
a b
it of
Asia
n th
row
n in
as
well
– di
d hi
s co
lour
mat
ter?
O
nly
to t
he d
egre
e th
at h
ese
emed
to
repr
esen
t ou
r m
ulti-
dim
ensio
nal a
nd c
ultu
ral
socie
ty.
I po
nder
ed f
urth
er,w
hat m
akes
a m
an (o
r a
wom
an f
orth
at m
atte
r) st
ick w
ith so
met
hing
with
out g
ettin
g di
stra
ct-
ed,w
ithou
t gi
ving
up?
I
rem
embe
r in
the
ear
lier
inte
r-vi
ews
whe
n O
bam
a w
as p
rom
otin
g hi
s bo
ok ‘
The
Aud
acity
of
Hop
e’on
the
Opr
ah W
infr
ey s
how
– w
ellov
er a
yea
r ag
o,an
d ho
w u
nsup
porti
ve h
is w
ife s
eem
edth
em.
She
was
con
cern
ed t
hat
his
sena
tor-h
ood
woul
ddi
stra
ct h
im f
rom
his
fam
ily o
blig
atio
ns.
In p
ublic
he
reas
sure
d he
r tha
t he
woul
d no
t neg
lect h
er n
or h
is ch
il-dr
en.
He
then
put
his
arm
aro
und
a ha
lf-co
nvin
ced
wom
an w
ho m
anag
ed a
qui
verin
g sm
ile.
He
open
ly ap
ol-
ogise
d fo
r no
t bein
g ar
ound
eno
ugh,
but t
his
was
som
e-th
ing
he n
eede
d to
do
and
he n
eede
d he
r to
supp
ort h
im.
Thos
e w
ere
not h
is ex
act w
ords
of
cour
se,i
t was
so lo
ngag
o bu
t tha
t is t
he e
ssen
ce o
fhi
s con
vers
atio
n th
at I
took
away
fro
m m
e.W
as it
just
me
who
not
iced
an o
bvio
usch
allen
ge –
or
did
the
rest
of
Opr
ah’s
view
ers
see
it as
well
?
I pr
ayed
that
nig
ht fo
r Mich
elle.
I pr
ayed
that
as
a bl
ack
wom
an,w
ith a
prom
inen
t blac
k m
an,n
ot to
let h
im d
own.
I pra
yed
that
Mich
elle w
ould
not
be a
fraid
or f
eel t
he n
eed
to sa
bota
ge h
is po
tent
ial su
cces
s.Th
e pr
ayer
wen
t up
and
out a
nd I
left i
t the
re.
The
next
thi
ng I
rea
lised
,th
e m
onth
s ha
d pa
ssed
and
rum
our h
ad it
that
he w
as a
serio
us ca
ndid
ate f
or th
e pre
s-id
ency
– a
nd w
here
was
Mich
elle?
Rig
ht th
ere
besid
e hi
m–
with
a g
enui
ne sm
ile!
Tha
t’s m
y gi
rl I t
houg
ht.
I sta
rted
to th
ink
abou
t the
leve
l of
ambi
tion
it re
quire
s to
beco
me
Pres
iden
t.I
mar
velle
d hi
s w
illin
gnes
s to
acc
ept
the
chall
enge
s inh
erite
d fr
om h
is pr
edec
esso
r.
Wha
t m
otiv
ated
Bara
ck to
res
ist s
et-
tling
for
wha
t man
yof
us w
ould
hav
ebe
en h
appy
to se
ttle
with
-
a sp
ouse
,ch
ildre
n,a
nice
hom
e an
d a
secu
rejo
b? H
ere
is a
man
who
is n
ot a
fraid
toas
sum
e th
e lar
gest
resp
onsib
ility
in th
ewo
rld.
Som
e m
enru
n fr
om
payi
ngho
useh
old
bills
,ali
mon
y/ch
ild s
uppo
rt,no
rmal
relat
ions
hip
chall
enge
s,ye
t Bar
ack
feels
cap
able
ofru
nnin
g th
e wo
rld,r
espo
nsi-
bilit
ies an
d all
! Why
? bec
ause
he h
as th
e aud
acity
of
hope
!H
e be
lieve
s in
him
self,
his
pote
ntial
,hi
s ca
pacit
y an
dca
pabi
lity.
I wo
nder
wha
t or
who
gav
e hi
m t
hat
self-
belie
f?
Let m
e ana
lyse i
t thi
s way
- w
hat h
as o
ne’s
back
grou
nd g
otto
do
with
the
way
our
chi
ldre
n tu
rn o
ut o
r,in
deed
,the
way
Bar
ack
turn
ed o
ut?
Apa
rt fr
om b
eing
educ
ated
,alb
eit th
roug
h fin
ancia
l aid
and
endo
wm
ents
at o
ne o
fth
ebi
gges
t priv
ate
scho
ols
in H
onol
ulu,
Bara
ck c
ame
from
are
lativ
ely p
oor
back
grou
nd.
In a
n ag
e of
tem
ptat
ion,
gree
d,su
perf
iciald
om,.
selfi
shne
ss a
nd o
ther
cha
lleng
es,
Oba
ma
has m
anag
ed to
main
tain
his
inte
grity
,a m
arria
ge,
the
role
ofa
fath
er a
nd n
ow th
e ro
le of
Pres
iden
t-elec
tfo
r the
Uni
ted
Stat
es o
fA
mer
ica.
In an
y da
y an
d ag
e,no
easy
acc
ompl
ishm
ent!
Bara
ck o
r ‘B
arry
’as
he w
as k
now
n,w
as a
lway
s a
conf
i-de
nt te
enag
er a
nd sp
oke
out w
hen
he fe
lt th
e ne
ed,a
s his
quot
e at
the
begi
nnin
g of
this
edito
rial a
ttest
s.So
bac
k to
my
ques
tion,
but p
ut a
noth
er w
ay -
how
doe
s th
e ba
ck-
grou
nd o
fon
e’s fa
mily
impl
icate
a c
hild
’s fu
ture
? W
ell,a
t26
,Bar
ack’s
Ken
yan
fath
er B
arac
k Sn
r w
as a
lread
y go
ing
Bla
ck-B
righ
tT
he T
otal
Qua
lity,
Info
rmat
ion-
Base
d Pu
blic
atio
n th
at
Stim
ulat
es,E
duca
tes,
Mot
ivat
es &
Ele
vate
s!
Stud
io 5
7 S
ayw
ell R
oad
Lut
on
LU2
0QG
Tel:
0158
2 72
1 60
5em
ail:
blac
kbrig
htne
ws@
aol.c
omw
ww
.mys
pace
.com
/bla
ckbr
ight
new
s
Man
agin
g E
dito
r: M
yrna
Loy
ISSN
No.
1751
–190
9
Thi
s is
an
Onl
ine
Pub
licat
ion
Onl
y
2
to H
arva
rd to
wor
k on
his
Phd
in E
cono
mics
– n
ow i
s th
atam
bitio
n an
d fo
rtitu
de,
orw
hat?
?
Man
y ol
d-sc
hool
Car
ibbe
anpa
rent
s exp
ecte
d so
muc
h ac
a-de
mica
lly fr
om th
eir ch
ildre
n bu
t did
they
set s
imila
r sta
n-da
rds
for t
heir
child
ren
to fo
llow
? W
here
is th
eir e
duca
-tio
nal a
ttain
men
t tha
t the
y ke
ep in
sistin
g th
eir c
hild
ren
toas
pire
to?
Th
e ex
cuse
of
man
y of
our
elder
s is
that
inE
nglan
d ed
ucat
ion
is fr
ee,s
o th
eref
ore
child
ren
raise
d in
Eng
land
shou
ld b
e gr
atef
ul,t
ake
adva
ntag
e of
the
educ
a-tio
n sy
stem
and
get
their
deg
ree,
but o
ver
40 y
ears
ago
,Ba
rack
’s fa
ther
qua
lified
and
it w
asn’
t in
Gre
at B
ritain
,so
rega
rdles
s of
wha
t cou
ntry
you
live
or w
hat f
inan
cial s
it-ua
tion
you
are i
n,if
you
aspi
re to
do
well
,you
will
do
well
.Ba
rack
cam
e fr
om a
rela
tively
poo
r ba
ckgr
ound
rem
em-
ber!
Bar
ack
Oba
ma
is a
prim
e ex
ampl
e of
com
ing
from
a fam
ily w
ho se
t a v
ery h
igh
stan
dard
from
the v
ery b
egin
-ni
ng.
The
refin
ed,a
rticu
late,
char
ismat
ic m
an w
e se
e be
fore
us,
is no
t w
ithou
t a
hist
ory.
He
has
reta
liate
d an
d cu
rsed
whe
n fe
lt th
reat
ened
or
intim
idat
ed li
ke a
ny s
elf-re
spec
t-in
g te
en o
r ad
ult
woul
d do
.H
e ha
s go
ne t
hrou
gh h
iste
enag
e ye
ars
doin
g w
hat t
eena
gers
do
and
labell
ed a
s a
blac
k m
an,
has b
een
a vi
ctim
of
racis
m.
Sinc
e ‘B
arry
’wou
ld n
ever
be
cons
ider
ed ‘w
hite
’by
his
whi
te c
ount
erpa
rts,h
e cla
imed
a b
lack
iden
tity
thro
ugh
spor
t,ta
king
up
bask
etba
ll.Ba
rack
suf
fere
d a
lot o
fth
esy
stem
atic
and
inst
itutio
nalis
ed r
acism
tha
t m
any
ofus
suffe
red
but
som
ehow
it
didn
’t m
ake
him
fee
l th
at h
e
coul
dn’t
be e
very
thin
g he
wan
ted
to b
e,in
fact
,it p
ushe
dhi
m to
not
onl
y sa
y “y
es I
can”
but r
ealis
ing
succ
ess t
akes
team
effo
rt bu
t “ye
s we
can”
.Ty
pe ‘y
es w
e ca
n’in
goo
gle
and
‘Bar
ack
Oba
ma’
com
es u
p!
In m
y op
inio
n,Ba
rack
got
whe
re h
e is
now
spe
akin
g ou
tag
ainst
ineq
ualit
y,an
d pr
ovin
g th
at w
e ca
n be
judg
ed b
yth
e co
nten
t of
our
char
acte
r an
d no
t the
col
our
ofou
rsk
in (M
artin
Lut
her K
ing)
.
How
man
y of
us f
eel
conf
iden
t en
ough
to
spea
k ou
t?Sa
dly
Gre
at B
ritain
stil
l lag
s at
lea
st t
en y
ears
beh
ind
Am
erica
with
rega
rd re
al fr
eedo
m o
fsp
eech
and
it w
ould
seem
,acc
ordi
ng to
BBC
New
s,th
at th
e onl
y thi
ng th
e UK
is ah
ead
in,i
s H
D te
levisi
ons
and
the
num
ber o
fm
obile
phon
es p
er p
erso
n!
So w
here
doe
s tha
t lea
ve m
e as
I po
nder
how
an
indi
vid-
ual’s
life
can
cha
nge
acco
rdin
g to
his
or h
er p
assio
ns a
nddr
eam
s? I
t lea
ves m
e lo
okin
g at
Oba
ma’s
life
and
siev
ing
out t
he q
ualit
ies in
him
that
mak
e hi
m w
ho h
e is
and
see
ifI c
an m
irror
som
e of
them
.
Yes,
we
can
all c
ry p
over
ty;w
e ca
n all
cry
uns
tabl
e ba
ck-
grou
nds;
but w
hat i
s im
porta
nt is
gen
uine
love
from
thos
ear
ound
you
– a
love
you
can
fee
l (as
Joh
n H
olt
woul
dsin
g);a
nd a
love
that
man
y pa
rent
s ne
ed to
ens
ure
they
give
to th
eir c
hild
ren
have
rega
rdles
s of
circu
mst
ance
s so
that
our
chi
ldre
n ca
n gr
ow fi
t to
be K
ings
and
Que
ens!
FFea
ea
ture
:tu
re:
“Au
daci
ty
of
Ch
an
ge”
by
Gil
es S
pei
d
Bara
ck O
bam
a
EXCL
UDED
FROM
BRI
TISH
NESS
3
IN T
HIS
ISSU
E...
OB
AM
A’S
TEA
M E
LEC
T(a
s at
11
/0
8)
Hil
lary
Cli
nto
n,
U.S
. Sen
ator
from
New
York
and f
orm
er F
irst
Lad
y, w
ill s
erve
as
Sec
reta
ry o
f Sta
te.
Secr
eta
ry
Ro
bert
G
ate
s,
the
curr
ent
Sec
reta
ry
of
Def
ense
, w
ill
continue
tose
rve
in t
hat
role
.
Eri
c
Ho
lde
r,
form
er
Deputy
Att
orn
ey
Genera
l and
a
form
er
Unit
ed
Sta
tes
Att
orn
ey f
or
the
Dis
tric
t of
Colu
mbia
, w
illse
rve
as A
ttorn
ey G
ener
al.
Jan
et
Nap
oli
tan
o,
Gov
ernor
and f
orm
erU
.S.
Att
orn
ey fo
r Arizo
na,
w
ill se
rve
asSec
reta
ry o
f th
e D
epar
tmen
t of
Hom
elan
dSec
urity
.
Dr.
Su
san
E.
Ric
e, a
Sen
ior
Fore
ign P
olic
yAdvi
sor
to th
e O
bam
a fo
r Am
eric
a ca
m-
pai
gn,
a Sen
ior
Fello
w at
th
e Bro
oki
ngs
Inst
ituti
on,
and
form
er
U.S
. Ass
ista
nt
Sec
reta
ry o
f Sta
te f
or
Afr
ican
Aff
airs
, w
illse
rve
as
Am
bass
ador
to
the
Unit
ed
Nat
ions.
Gen
era
l Ji
m J
on
es,
USM
C (
Ret
), f
orm
erA
llied
Com
mander,
Euro
pe,
and
Com
man
der
of th
e U
nited
Sta
tes
Euro
pea
nCom
man
d,
will
ser
ve a
s N
atio
nal
Sec
urity
Advi
sor.
Bar
ack’
s nat
ional
sec
urity
tea
m h
as b
een
asse
mble
d
to
repre
sent
all
elem
ents
of
Am
eric
an p
ow
er, dip
lom
acy,
and le
ader
ship
that
will
be
vita
l in
ove
rcom
ing t
he
chal
-le
nges
of
the
21st
cen
tury
He
has
done
som
ethi
ng t
hat
only
a f
ew p
eopl
e ha
ve m
an-
aged
to
do:
Tige
r W
oods
, N
elso
n M
ande
la a
nd p
ossi
bly
Lew
is H
amilt
on…
he c
ross
ed th
e ra
cial
div
ide.
He
refu
sed
tobe
def
ined
by
his
race
and
he
has
forc
ed th
e w
ider
pub
lic to
do th
at to
o. T
he d
iffer
ence
her
e is
that
he
had
to u
nder
go a
nel
ectio
n an
d be
vot
ed in
; vot
ed in
by
the
whi
te m
ajor
ity.
Ther
e w
as a
tim
e w
hen
Nel
son
Man
dela
was
con
side
red
tobe
a te
rror
ist,
now
he
is la
uded
the
wor
ld o
ver.
Tige
r is
sim
ply
the
grea
test
Gol
fer
in t
he w
orld
. C
urre
ntly
num
ber
one
and
so f
ar a
head
in t
he r
anki
ngs
whe
n he
ispl
ayin
g th
at h
e is
als
o nu
mbe
r tw
o an
d th
ree
in t
he w
orld
.H
is g
olf i
s w
hat h
as m
ade
him
acc
epta
ble
and
the
tale
nt th
athe
so
obvi
ousl
y po
sses
ses.
Lew
is H
amilt
on is
the
youn
gest
Form
ula
One
cha
mpi
on e
ver -
a y
ear a
fter h
is ro
okie
sea
son,
whe
re h
e ca
me
seco
nd, b
ut a
gain
it’s
his
spo
rt th
at g
ives
him
his
stat
us a
nd th
e w
ay th
at h
e ca
rrie
s hi
mse
lf. T
here
is n
oth-
ing
that
his
crit
ics
can
hang
on
him
exc
ept t
he fa
ct th
at h
eno
w li
ves
in S
witz
erla
nd.
The
fact
that
Cou
ltard
doe
sn’t
live
in S
cotla
nd h
asn’
t mad
e hi
m a
ny le
ss S
cotti
sh w
ith th
e S
cots
.H
owev
er, H
amilt
on is
bei
ng s
crut
inis
ed fo
r his
life
styl
e as
it is
poss
ible
tha
t he
can
bec
ome
the
‘Pos
h an
d B
ecks
’of
the
new
wor
ld o
rder
, a
pop
star
girl
frien
d an
d th
e po
tent
ial
toea
rn a
bill
ion
dolla
rs.
Four
yea
rs a
go a
n ex
col
leag
ue w
hose
bro
ther
liv
ed i
nB
osto
n, U
SA
told
me
abo
ut a
you
ng B
lack
sen
ator
who
coul
d go
all
the
way
to
the
Whi
te H
ouse
. I
ask
ed f
or h
isna
me
and
whe
n he
sai
d it
I rem
embe
r thi
nkin
g it
was
unf
or-
tuna
te th
at it
rhym
ed w
ith ‘O
sam
a’. I
nev
er th
ough
t too
muc
hab
out i
t unt
il he
won
the
first
prim
ary
and
beat
Hill
ary
Clin
ton.
At t
hat p
oint
I sa
id to
my
wife
, “he
mig
ht ju
st d
o it”
.
I fre
ely
adm
it th
at I
have
now
bec
ome
an e
xper
t on
the
term
swin
g st
ates
, ele
ctor
al c
olle
ges,
Red
Sta
tes
and
Blu
e St
ates
,th
e im
porta
nce
of N
ew H
amps
hire
, Ohi
o an
d P
enns
ylva
nia,
Prim
arie
s an
d th
e al
l im
porta
nt S
uper
Tue
sday
.
Nev
erbe
fore
had
I fo
llow
ed a
n el
ectio
n so
clo
sely.
Eve
n th
ough
itw
as a
n el
ectio
n I c
ould
not
influ
ence
. 4
The
Aud
acity
of C
hang
eby
Gile
s Sp
eid
Ther
e w
as a
n ee
rie s
ilenc
e at
the
tra
in s
tatio
n an
d ag
ain
whe
n I g
ot in
to th
e of
fice.
No
one
said
any
thin
g, n
o on
e co
n-gr
atul
ated
any
one.
E
very
now
and
aga
in a
n em
ail
wou
ldco
me
thro
ugh
sayi
ng, “
isn’
t it g
reat
?”, “
at w
hat t
ime
did
you
hear
?”, “
Wer
e yo
u up
for t
he re
sults
?” T
here
wou
ld b
e m
eet-
ings
in
cor
ners
and
a n
od a
nd t
he o
ccas
iona
l w
ink
from
thos
e in
the
know
. W
e w
ere
jubi
lant
insi
de b
ut d
are
not s
how
it. W
e w
ere
doin
g ca
rtwhe
els
in o
ur h
eads
but
dar
e no
t say
it. T
he b
utte
rflie
s in
our
sto
mac
hs w
ere
for a
ner
vous
exp
ec-
tatio
n of
his
pot
entia
l suc
cess
and
the
shee
r wei
ght o
f exp
ec-
tatio
n. Y
ou s
ee it
was
n’t o
ur v
icto
ry, i
t was
n’t o
ur e
lect
ion
but
he w
as o
urca
ndid
ate.
It
was
the
vic
tory
tha
t w
e da
re n
otsp
eak
of.
Ther
e w
as a
look
of,
“go
on I
dare
you
, I d
oubl
eda
re y
ou t
o sa
y an
ythi
ng a
bout
thi
s vi
ctor
y”,
but
we
didn
’tha
ve t
o…he
had
arr
ived
,”Bar
ack
Oba
ma,
The
Pre
side
ntE
lect
”. W
e ha
d th
e au
daci
ty o
f hop
e th
rust
upo
n us
and
with
it th
e be
lief t
hat w
e to
o ca
n be
lieve
in h
ope.
At e
very
sta
ge w
e w
ere
wat
chin
g hi
stor
y in
the
mak
ing,
the
Dem
ocra
t can
dida
tes
falli
ng b
y th
e w
aysi
de a
s th
e pr
imar
ies
cam
e th
ick
and
fast
. Th
e fa
vour
ite H
illar
y C
linto
n w
as s
ur-
pris
ed a
nd s
hock
ed th
at th
e ca
ndid
ate
that
she
wou
ld h
ave
offe
red
a V.
P.
posi
tion
tow
ould
just
not
go
away
. W
inaf
ter w
in le
ft he
r with
the
one
thin
g th
at
front
ru
nner
sha
te…
he b
uilt
mom
entu
m.
Itbe
cam
e a
self
fulfi
lling
prop
hecy
. Th
e m
ore
he w
onth
e m
ore
we
belie
ved,
the
mor
e w
e be
lieve
d, th
e cl
oser
the
drea
m b
ecam
e. T
he m
ore
he s
poke
at r
allie
s th
en th
e m
ore
he r
emin
ded
us o
f the
per
son
we
eith
er w
ante
d to
be
or h
ere
flect
ed th
e w
orld
we
wan
ted
to li
ve in
.
Insp
iring
, as
pirin
g an
d th
e de
liver
y of
pol
itica
l or
ator
y th
atre
min
ded
me
of a
you
ng B
aptis
t pre
ache
r in
the
sixt
ies
with
a dr
eam
tha
t on
e da
y ev
en B
arac
k O
bam
a w
ould
onl
y be
judg
ed b
y th
e co
nten
ts o
f his
cha
ract
er.
The
best
thin
g ab
out
his
cand
idac
y w
as h
e w
as n
ot b
ogge
d do
wn
with
his
tory
. Fo
ral
l the
talk
of h
is in
expe
rienc
e, th
e fre
sher
he
look
ed.
The
endo
rsem
ents
fro
m t
he l
ikes
of
Edw
ard
Ken
nedy
, po
litic
alro
yalty
, kep
t com
ing
and
so d
id th
e m
oney
.
Ther
e w
as a
rea
l dan
ger
that
Am
eric
a co
uld
end
up b
eing
rule
d by
a d
ynas
ty o
f Bus
h, C
linto
n, C
linto
n, B
ush,
Bus
h an
dth
en b
ack
to C
linto
n. T
here
was
eve
n ta
lk t
hat
afte
r ei
ght
year
s of
Hill
ary
in c
harg
e, C
hels
ea C
linto
n w
ould
be
read
y to
run
for
the
pres
iden
cy.
They
nev
er th
ough
t tha
t afte
r ei
ght
year
s of
pla
nnin
g in
New
Yor
k th
at t
hey
coul
d ha
ve b
een
dera
iled
in t
his
way
. C
linto
n is
‘one
of
us’;
his
offic
e is
indo
wnt
own
Har
lem
afte
r al
l. H
illar
y is
‘on
e of
us’
, bu
t fo
rO
bam
a no
dou
bt, s
he w
ould
hav
e ca
rrie
d m
ore
Bla
ck v
otes
than
any
oth
er c
andi
date
, but
we
didn
’t w
ant s
omeo
ne s
ym-
path
etic
to u
s, w
e w
ante
d on
e of
us.
As
muc
h as
thi
s ra
nkle
s w
ith h
er s
he e
vent
ually
cam
e on
side
and
bac
ked
Oba
ma,
esp
ecia
lly a
s it
was
obv
ious
tha
tsh
e w
as g
oing
to lo
se th
e vo
te.
The
sing
le m
ost
impo
rt ant
fac
tor
abou
t th
e el
ectio
n fo
r m
ew
as t
he m
omen
t S
arah
Pal
in w
as c
hose
n.
It ev
entu
ally
cam
e ou
t th
at h
er u
nmar
ried
daug
hter
was
pre
gnan
t an
dw
as d
ue to
mar
ry th
e fa
ther
of t
he c
hild
nex
t yea
r. A
repo
rter
wen
t to
Oba
ma
and
aske
d hi
m w
hat h
e th
ough
t abo
ut th
at.
With
an
open
goa
l sta
ring
ahea
d of
him
he
resp
onde
d w
ith,
“we
don’
t go
af
ter
peop
le’s
fa
mili
es”…
pric
eles
s.St
ates
man
like
and
wel
com
ed in
a c
ampa
ign
that
got
mor
ene
gativ
e as
it a
ppea
red
that
McC
ain
was
in tr
oubl
e.
It al
sopu
t the
McC
ain
cam
p on
the
back
foot
. H
ow c
ould
they
ser
i-ou
sly
go a
fter a
nyon
e in
the
Oba
ma
cam
p w
ith a
ny c
redi
bili-
ty?
The
Wild
er (B
radl
ey) e
ffect
Ther
e w
as m
uch
talk
abo
ut th
e W
ilder
effe
ct,
It w
as n
amed
afte
r To
m B
radl
ey,
an A
frica
n-A
mer
ican
who
lost
the
198
2C
alifo
rnia
gov
erno
r’s ra
ce d
espi
te b
eing
ahe
ad in
vot
er p
olls
goin
g in
to th
e el
ectio
ns.
Wou
ld w
hite
peo
ple
vote
for a
Bla
ckca
ndid
ate?
Cou
ld th
ey b
ring
them
selv
es to
vot
e fo
r thi
s ca
n-di
date
? A
re th
e po
lls a
ccur
ate,
are
they
just
say
ing
that
they
wou
ld v
ote
for h
im b
ut re
ally
they
wou
ld v
ote
for M
cCai
n? I
nth
e en
d th
e w
ilder
effe
ct d
id h
appe
n bu
t ag
ains
t M
cCai
n!Th
ey w
ent i
nto
thei
r vot
ing
boot
hs p
rom
isin
g to
vot
e fo
r him
but
ende
d up
vot
ing
for
Oba
ma.
The
y co
uldn
’t br
ing
them
-se
lves
to v
ote
for M
cCai
n.
5
So
back
to e
lect
ion
nigh
t, w
ith th
e al
l im
porta
nt s
win
g st
ates
up fo
r gra
bs.
I sat
ther
e w
atch
ing
CN
N, B
BC
, Fox
new
s an
dI a
lso
had
my
lapt
op o
n go
ing
betw
een
the
vario
us p
oliti
cal
web
site
s. T
here
was
one
sta
te I
wan
ted
to s
ee a
bove
all
oth-
ers,
long
afte
r the
ele
ctio
n w
as w
on.
Asw
ing
stat
e th
at h
ad-
n’t v
oted
Dem
ocra
t sin
ce 1
964.
..Virg
inia
. Th
e ho
me
of th
eK
KK
and
Sla
very
. M
onth
s be
fore
I h
ad lo
gged
ont
o a
site
whe
re t
he le
ader
of
the
KK
K w
as u
rgin
g th
eir
mem
bers
to
vote
for O
bam
a. F
riend
s w
ould
n’t b
elie
ve m
e; I
also
foun
d a
site
cal
led
‘Red
neck
s fo
r Oba
ma’
, beg
ging
oth
er re
dnec
ks to
vote
for O
bam
a.
As
with
mos
t thi
ngs
it w
as a
bout
tim
ing.
The
wor
seni
ng e
co-
nom
ic s
ituat
ion
and
McC
ain’
s la
ck o
f gr
asp
of t
he s
erio
us-
ness
of t
he s
ituat
ion
was
alw
ays
goin
g to
cou
nt a
gain
st h
im.
Ther
e is
no
poin
t say
ing
that
Oba
ma
was
goi
ng to
spr
ead
the
wea
lth a
roun
d, li
ke a
dirt
y w
ord,
whe
n th
at is
exa
ctly
wha
tpe
ople
are
goi
ng to
nee
d.
Not
just
the
econ
omic
tim
ing
of th
e si
tuat
ion
but H
olly
woo
dha
d al
so p
ut t
he i
dea
into
our
psy
che
that
Am
eric
a co
uld
serv
e un
der a
Bla
ck C
omm
ande
r-in
-Chi
ef.
Mor
gan
Free
man
in ‘D
eep
Impa
ct’a
nd P
resi
dent
Pal
mer
in th
e se
ries
‘24’
wer
ebo
th P
resi
dent
s th
at y
ou c
ould
fig
ht t
o th
e de
ath
for.
Th
ese
ries
‘Wes
t Win
g’w
ith J
imm
y S
mits
pla
ying
Con
gres
sman
San
tos,
bas
ed o
n B
arac
k O
bam
a, m
ade
it po
ssib
le f
or t
hew
orld
to b
elie
ve th
at th
ere
coul
d be
a n
on- w
hite
Pre
side
nt in
our
lifet
ime.
I d
on’t
belie
ve I
have
eve
r se
en a
pro
gram
me
whe
n th
ere
has
been
a B
lack
Prim
e M
inis
ter.
Pre
side
nt G
eorg
e W
Bus
h al
so p
laye
d hi
s pa
rt in
mak
ing
itpo
ssib
le w
ith t
he p
rom
otio
n of
sev
eral
Bla
ck k
ey f
igur
es in
Col
in P
owel
l and
Con
dole
ezza
Ric
e, to
Sec
reta
ry o
f Sta
te.
Trev
or P
hilli
ps w
as r
ecen
tly c
ritic
ised
for
say
ing
that
the
sam
e th
ing
coul
d no
t hap
pen
here
in B
ritai
n, in
that
a B
lack
pers
on c
ould
not
rise
to b
ecom
e P
rime
Min
iste
r. T
here
may
be s
ome
truth
in t
hat
but
who
car
es w
hen
the
bigg
est
and
badd
est m
an o
n th
e pl
anet
is a
n ar
ticul
ate
and
wel
l edu
cat-
ed y
oung
Bla
ck m
an w
ho is
abo
ut to
mov
e hi
s fa
mily
into
the
Whi
te H
ouse
, tha
t his
wife
’s fa
mily
may
wel
l hav
e he
lped
tobu
ild –
in e
ffect
com
ing
hom
e. N
ow w
e ca
n al
l see
that
vis
ion
of th
e dr
eam
that
has
bee
n so
long
in c
omin
g.
As
Sam
Coo
ke s
aid,
‘A
chan
ge i
s go
nna
com
e’…
chan
gein
deed
.
By
Gile
s Sp
eid
Cop
yrig
ht 2
Dec
embe
r 20
08
6
Mill
ions
of f
orei
gner
s,liv
ing
next
to
each
oth
er,o
ccup
yBr
itain
.A
s so
me
rent
the
cou
ntry
for
good
and
oth
-er
s fo
r a
few
yea
rs,
we
are
findi
ng o
urse
lves
in
anEn
glis
h w
orld
tha
t st
rive
s to
kee
p its
Bri
tishn
ess.
We
also
live
in t
he w
orld
tha
t re
sem
bles
a m
osai
c of
tin
ypi
eces
of
cultu
ral
acce
ptab
ility
,po
litic
al c
orre
ctne
ssan
d ra
cism
.
Alth
ough
may
be n
ot in
an
appa
rent
larg
e sc
ale,
mos
tfo
reig
ners
livi
ng in
thi
s co
untr
y re
port
bei
ng s
ubje
cted
to r
acis
m o
ften
in it
s hi
dden
and
sub
tle fo
rm.S
o ho
wca
n ra
cism
spr
ead
in t
he n
owad
ays
dem
ocra
tic a
ndju
st s
ocie
ty?
In w
hat
way
s do
rac
ist
imag
es a
nd p
reju
-di
ces
get
into
min
ds o
f peo
ple?
Acc
ordi
ng
to
an
artic
le
publ
ishe
d by
th
e D
aily
Tele
grap
h,m
ultic
ultu
ralis
m i
s br
eedi
ng i
ntol
eran
ce i
nth
e co
ntem
pora
ry B
rita
in.P
hilip
John
ston
,the
aut
hor
of t
he a
rtic
le,b
elie
ves
that
the
Bri
tish
natio
n is
at
this
stat
e un
able
to
‘em
brac
e m
ultic
ultu
ralis
m’
and
the
coun
try
is ‘i
n da
nger
of
brea
king
up’
.But
is
it re
ally
mer
ely
the
diffe
renc
es b
etw
een
us t
hat
mak
e ou
rne
ighb
ours
ene
mie
s,or
is t
here
any
thin
g el
se w
orse
n-in
g th
e al
read
y di
fficu
lt m
ultic
ultu
ral r
elat
ions
?
I am
of a
Slo
vaki
an o
rigi
n so
I am
a fo
reig
ner
in B
rita
inm
ysel
f.H
avin
g w
itnes
sed
case
s of
rac
ial
or c
ultu
ral
prej
udic
e an
d m
isre
pres
enta
tion
in r
eal l
ife a
s w
ell a
sin
the
med
ia,I
rea
lised
the
con
nect
ion
betw
een
them
.I
foun
d ou
t th
at b
ecau
se o
f th
e m
isre
pres
enta
tion
ofet
hnic
min
oriti
es in
the
med
ia,r
ace
rela
tions
in B
rita
inar
e fla
wed
to
a co
nsid
erab
le e
xten
t;th
e w
ay e
thni
cm
inor
ities
are
rep
orte
d an
d po
rtra
yed
in n
atio
nal
asw
ell
as l
ocal
pap
ers,
is e
spec
ially
bia
sed,
and
the
way
nega
tive
view
s on
im
mig
ratio
n ar
e pr
esen
ted,
has
adi
rect
lin
k to
eve
ry-d
ay l
ife w
here
man
y im
mig
rant
sre
port
to
be d
iscr
imin
ated
.
Con
tinu
ed o
n Pa
ge 9
WHO F
EELS
EXCL
UDED
FROM
‘BRI
TISHN
ESS?
’By
Mar
ia K
ozar
ova
a sp
ouse
, a fr
iend
, a c
hild
— so
muc
hth
at y
ou ju
st w
ant t
o pi
ck th
em fr
omyo
ur d
ream
s an
d hu
g th
em f
or r
eal,
so t
hat
once
the
y ar
e ar
ound
you
appr
ecia
te th
em m
ore.
May
be .
. . th
e be
st k
ind
of fr
iend
isth
e ki
nd y
ou c
an s
it on
a p
orch
and
swin
g w
ith,
neve
r sa
y a
wor
d, a
ndth
en w
alk
away
fee
ling
like
it w
asth
e be
st c
onve
rsat
ion
you’
ve e
ver
had.
May
be .
. you
sho
uld
alw
ays
try t
opu
t you
rsel
f in
oth
ers’
shoe
s. If
you
feel
that
som
ethi
ng c
ould
hur
t you
, it
prob
ably
will
hur
t th
e ot
her
pers
on,
too.
May
be .
. you
sho
uld
do s
omet
hing
nice
for
som
eone
eve
ry s
ingl
e da
y,ev
en i
f it
is s
impl
y to
lea
ve t
hem
alon
e.
May
be .
. g
ivin
g so
meo
ne a
ll yo
urlo
ve is
nev
er a
n as
sura
nce
that
they
will
lov
e yo
u ba
ck.
Don
’t ex
pect
love
in re
turn
; jus
t wai
t for
it to
gro
win
the
ir he
art;
but,
if it
does
n’t,
beco
nten
t tha
t it g
rew
in y
ours
.
May
be .
. .
hap
pine
ss w
aits
for
all
thos
e w
ho c
ry, a
ll th
ose
who
hur
t, al
lth
ose
who
hav
e se
arch
ed,
and
all
thos
e w
ho h
ave
tried
, for
onl
y th
eyca
n ap
prec
iate
the
impo
rtanc
e of
all
the
peop
le w
ho h
ave
touc
hed
thei
rliv
es.
May
be .
. .
you
sho
uldn
’t go
for
look
s; th
ey c
an d
ecei
ve; d
on’t
go fo
rw
ealth
; eve
n th
at fa
des
away
. Go
for
som
eone
who
mak
es y
ou s
mile
.,be
caus
e it
take
s onl
y a
smile
to m
ake
a da
rk d
ay s
eem
brig
ht. F
ind
the
one
ths
your
he
art
smile
. M
aybe
.
. yo
ush
ould
hop
e fo
ren
ough
ha
ppi-
ness
to m
ake
you
swee
t, en
ough
trial
s to
m
ake
you
stro
ng,
enou
gh s
orro
w to
keep
you
hum
an,
and
enou
gh h
ope
to
mak
e yo
uh
ap
py
LADY
LOY
Prom
otin
g th
e be
st of
Reg
gae
Rele
ases
and
Art
ists
on Ja
mro
ck R
adio
Ever
y Su
nday
at 8
- 10
pm (G
MT)
www.
mys
pace
.com
/ja
mro
cksu
nday
sw
ww
.jam
rock
radi
o.co
mcl
ick
on ‘r
adio
’& l
iste
n liv
e!
R U
FO
LKS
Did
you
kno
w...
May
be .
. we
wer
e su
ppos
ed to
mee
tth
e w
rong
peo
ple
befo
re m
eetin
g th
erig
ht o
ne s
o th
at,
whe
n w
e fin
ally
mee
t the
righ
t per
son,
we
will
kno
who
w t
o be
gra
tefu
l fo
r th
at g
ift.
May
be .
. . w
hen
the
door
of
happ
i-ne
ss c
lose
s, an
othe
r ope
ns; b
ut, o
ften
times
, we
look
so
long
at t
he c
lose
ddo
or th
at w
e do
n’t e
ven
see
the
new
one
whi
ch h
as b
een
open
ed f
or u
s. M
aybe
. .
. it
is t
rue
that
we
don’
tkn
ow w
hat w
e ha
ve u
ntil
we
lose
it,
but i
t is
also
true
that
we
don’
t kno
ww
hat
we
have
bee
n m
issi
ng u
ntil
itar
rives
.
May
be .
. .
the
hap
pies
t of
peo
ple
don’
t ne
cess
arily
hav
e th
e be
st o
fev
eryt
hing
; the
y ju
st m
ake
the
mos
tof
eve
ryth
ing
that
com
es a
long
thei
rw
ay.
May
be .
. . th
e br
ight
est f
utur
e w
illal
way
s be
bas
ed o
n a
forg
otte
n pa
st;
afte
r all,
you
can
’t go
on
succ
essf
ul-
ly in
life
unt
il yo
u le
t go
of y
our p
ast
mis
take
s, fa
ilure
s an
d he
arta
ches
.
May
be .
. . y
ou s
houl
d dr
eam
wha
tyo
u w
ant
to d
ream
; go
whe
re y
ouw
ant t
o go
, be
wha
t you
wan
t to
be,
beca
use
you
have
onl
y on
e lif
e an
don
e ch
ance
to
do a
ll th
e th
ings
you
drea
m
of,
and
wan
t to
do
. M
aybe
. . .
ther
e ar
e m
omen
ts in
life
whe
n yo
u m
is s
som
eone
— a
par
ent,
A
surg
e of
eu
phor
ia
cou
rsed
th
rou
gh
my
vein
s on
Tu
esda
y, N
ovem
ber
4, 2
008,
wh
enB
arac
k O
bam
a w
as e
lect
ed p
resi
den
t of
th
eU
nit
ed S
tate
s. T
hou
gh I
was
not
bor
n i
n18
38, t
he
peri
od o
f bla
ck e
man
cipa
tion
, I fe
ltth
e ri
pple
wav
es o
f ju
bila
tion
an
d ec
stas
yth
at s
pew
ed fr
om t
he
hea
rts
of m
y an
cest
ors.
It w
as n
ot o
nly
a h
isto
ric
mom
ent
for
the
blac
k di
aspo
ras,
bu
t it
was
th
e re
al m
omen
tof
de
fin
itio
n
and
mat
ura
tion
of
M
arti
nLu
ther
Kin
g Jn
r’s
grea
t dr
eam
of
blac
k an
dw
hit
e u
nifi
cati
on.
Bar
ack
Oba
ma’
s w
ords
res
oun
ded
wit
h s
uch
imm
ense
po
ign
ancy
th
at
goos
e pi
mpl
espi
erce
d m
y en
tire
bei
ng.
His
wor
ds: “
The
clim
b m
ay b
e lo
ng;
it m
ay b
est
eep;
we
may
not
get
th
ere
in o
ne
term
or
one
year
bu
t I
prom
ise
you
Am
eric
a, t
hat
we
will
get
th
ere
toge
ther
,” n
ot o
nly
res
onat
edw
ith
Mar
tin
Lu
ther
’s d
ream
of
the
“pro
mis
ela
nd,
” bu
t th
ey o
pen
ed a
ren
ewed
flo
odga
teof
insp
irat
ion
th
at w
ill c
onti
nu
e to
pou
r fr
omth
e de
ep c
eles
tial
rec
esse
s th
at r
ejoi
ce in
his
vict
ory.
His
bri
llian
ce,
his
han
dsom
e ch
arm
an
d h
iste
nac
iou
s an
d fe
rven
t ep
ith
et w
ill c
onti
nu
e to
pain
t h
im a
s a
her
oic
figu
re.
He
has
sh
one
wit
h t
he
flam
boya
nt
arm
our
ofm
agic
al c
olou
rs.
He
has
spo
ken
wit
h d
epth
and
pass
ion
an
d h
e h
as
soar
ed
wit
h
the
maj
esti
c w
ings
of
an e
agle
, in
com
bati
ng
the
batt
les
agai
nst
him
an
d as
cen
ds t
o th
e h
igh
-es
t or
der
of g
over
nm
ent.
Fro
m
my
tele
visi
on
scre
en,
I w
itn
esse
dbl
acks
, w
hit
es.
Japa
nes
e an
d A
fric
ans
bask
ed in
a g
lori
ous
and
beau
tifu
l fan
fare
, as
the
blac
k “b
adge
of
hon
our,
” be
cam
e co
nso
l-id
ated
.
The
tear
s of
hap
pin
ess,
str
eam
ing
dow
n t
hei
rfa
ces
was
a c
lean
sin
g an
d lib
erat
ing
feel
from
year
s of
dis
crim
inat
ion
, ye
ars
of b
lack
str
ug-
gle,
yea
rs o
f se
greg
atio
n a
nd
year
s of
bru
tal
wh
ite
oppr
essi
on a
nd
supp
ress
ion
.
Free
dom
inde
ed e
choe
d th
rou
gh a
ll th
e st
ates
of t
he
Un
ited
Sta
tes-
Ala
bam
a, G
eorg
ia a
nd
Mis
siss
ippi
an
d ev
en o
ur
fair
Jam
aica
lan
dh
elpl
essl
y sa
ng
“Th
ank
God
Alm
igh
ty w
e ar
efr
ee a
t la
st!”
I am
fre
e. Y
ou a
re f
ree.
We
are
all f
ree.
Let’s
ch
ann
el
our
free
dom
in
to
awes
ome
won
ders
an
d br
eak
the
men
tal
shac
kles
th
atbe
set
us.
Let’s
rea
ch b
eyon
d th
e sk
y’s
hov
erin
g as
trol
-og
y w
ith
th
e “r
igh
teou
s w
ind
beh
ind
our
back
” an
d cl
aim
th
e ri
ch f
ruit
s of
ou
r bl
ack-
nes
s, i
n t
he
sam
e ze
stfu
l an
d ad
aman
t fa
sh-
ion
th
at B
arac
k O
bam
a an
d m
any
oth
ers
befo
re h
im d
id.
8
Bar
ack
Oba
ma,
An
Insp
iratio
nby
Sha
wn
Kay
Will
iam
s
9
The
Med
ia,a
s th
e m
ost
com
mon
pro
vide
r of
info
rma-
tion
undo
ubte
dly
shap
es p
ublic
opi
nion
by
the
stor
ies
they
run
and
by
the
appr
oach
the
y ch
oose
.Ind
eed,
byth
e w
ay t
hey
cove
r so
cial
affa
irs
and
repr
esen
t th
em,
the
med
ia c
reat
es t
heir
ow
n re
ality
.The
y de
cide
whi
chto
pics
and
issu
es a
re o
n th
e ag
enda
;whi
ch in
divi
dual
sor
soc
ieta
l gro
ups
are
give
n br
oadc
astin
g tim
e or
pub
-lis
hing
spa
ce;w
hich
asp
ects
and
fac
ts a
re p
rese
nted
;an
d co
nver
sely
the
y de
cide
whi
ch a
re n
ot.T
he M
edia
ther
efor
e ha
s th
e ab
ility
to
influ
ence
pub
lic o
pini
onan
d th
ose
cont
rolli
ng t
he m
edia
are
,to
a c
erta
inex
tent
,cap
able
of
swer
ving
pub
lic o
pini
on i
nto
thei
rde
sire
d di
rect
ion.
To p
rove
my
theo
ry I
cond
ucte
d an
ext
ensi
ve r
esea
rch
in t
he n
atio
nal p
aper
s,co
llect
ing
all t
he s
tori
es c
over
-in
g im
mig
rant
s an
d m
inor
ities
.My
findi
ngs
wer
e th
atou
t of 1
66 a
rtic
les
on im
mig
ratio
n th
at w
ere
publ
ishe
din
the
nat
iona
l ne
wsp
aper
s in
Jan
uary
200
8,88
% o
fth
em w
ere
nega
tive.
Con
side
ring
the
con
tent
ana
lysi
s,th
e m
edia
cov
erag
eof
fore
igne
rs w
ho h
ave
imm
igra
ted
to B
rita
in,i
s un
bal-
ance
d an
d un
fair
ly n
egat
ive,
whi
ch i
s co
ntra
ry t
o th
eco
des
on r
ace
repo
rtin
g.T
he m
ain
topi
cs l
inke
d to
imm
igra
tion
that
hit
head
lines
in
Janu
ary
2008
,wer
eof
ten
sens
atio
naliz
ed.
The
ent
husi
astic
sto
ries
abo
ut im
mig
rant
s w
ere
mos
t-ly
ver
y m
inor
,sho
rt s
tori
es,b
arel
y la
id o
ut to
cat
ch th
eat
tent
ion
of r
eade
rs.O
n th
e ot
her
hand
,the
neg
ativ
est
orie
s,pa
rtic
ular
ly a
bout
the
cas
e of
the
Rom
ania
nch
ildre
n tr
affic
ked
to B
rita
in,o
r a
case
of
the
Mus
limex
trem
ist w
ho h
ad p
lann
ed to
beh
ead
a Br
itish
Mus
limso
ldie
r,w
ere
on t
he fr
ont
page
s of
nat
iona
l pap
ers.
I bel
ieve
,and
hop
eful
ly I
am n
ot a
lone
,tha
t if t
he m
edia
bear
s a
resp
onsi
bilit
y fo
r its
pub
lic a
nd fo
r so
ciet
y,th
enit
does
n’t
do a
n ef
fect
ive
job
if al
l the
min
oriti
es in
thi
sso
ciet
y ar
e co
ntin
uous
ly
mis
repr
esen
ted
and
put
dow
n,be
caus
e w
hat s
prea
ds is
eve
n m
ore
xeno
phob
ia.
Mill
ions
of
the
Briti
sh,b
orn
and
brou
ght
up i
n th
isco
untr
y al
so s
trug
gle
to fi
nd th
eir
iden
tity
in th
e co
un-
try
of s
o m
any
face
s,na
tiona
litie
s,la
ngua
ges
or fe
el a
nin
stin
ct to
pre
serv
e Br
itish
iden
tity.
The
y ar
e bo
mba
rd-
ed w
ith s
ensa
tiona
listic
and
exa
gger
ated
med
ia p
or-
tray
al o
f im
mig
rant
s as
the
cau
se o
f all
soci
al a
nd e
co-
nom
ic p
robl
ems,
from
hou
sing
sho
rtag
es t
o te
rror
ism
Sim
ilarl
y,th
ose
belo
ngin
g to
the
cul
tura
l or
eth
nic
min
oriti
es o
nly
disc
over
pre
judi
ce,m
isun
ders
tand
ing
and
a la
ck o
f po
sitiv
e m
edia
att
entio
n.Ex
peri
enci
ngsu
ch m
isre
pres
enta
tion
on e
very
day
basi
s ca
uses
sep
-ar
atis
m.A
s et
hnic
min
oriti
es c
ontin
ue t
o fe
el u
nwel
-
com
e an
d un
appr
ecia
ted,
they
ten
d to
stic
k to
the
irco
mm
uniti
es,
bare
ly m
ixin
g w
ith t
he B
ritis
h ne
igh-
bour
s.A
s a
resu
lt,th
ey c
ontin
ue s
peak
ing
in t
heir
mot
her
tong
ues
and
do n
ot a
dapt
to
the
Briti
sh c
ul-
ture
,men
talit
y an
d va
lues
,whi
ch o
bvio
usly
str
engt
hens
med
ia p
reju
dice
aga
inst
the
m.
I app
reci
ate
that
the
med
ia is
not
the
sin
gle
dete
rmi-
nant
of a
dver
se r
ace
rela
tions
and
rac
ism
,how
ever
,the
prev
ious
ly m
entio
ned
figur
es a
re a
larm
ing.
Are
we
the
soci
ety
crea
ting
the
med
ia o
r is
the
med
iacr
eatin
g ou
r so
ciet
y?
Thi
s ar
ticl
e w
as w
ritt
en b
y M
aria
Koz
arov
a.
The
Edi
tor
wou
ld li
ke t
o pu
t a
ques
tion
to y
ou.
How
man
y of
you
fee
l Br
itish
and
how
man
y of
you
fee
lex
clud
ed f
rom
Bri
tishn
ess?
H
ow m
any
of y
ou f
eel
Briti
shne
ss d
epen
ds o
n w
ho y
ou a
re a
nd w
hat y
ou d
o,e.
g.Lo
uis
Ham
ilton
? P
leas
e w
rite
you
r th
ough
ts a
ndop
inio
ns t
o bl
ackb
righ
tnew
s@ao
l.com
DID YOU KNOW...
Aspecialist market research company has carried out an experi-
ment which aims to go beyond what people say they like or dislike,
and reveal what they really think.
With the volunteers happily strapped into their multi-coloured
braincaps, they were shown a selection of images of England or
Britain, which mixed �traditional patriotic images and music with
news footage of everything from the royal family to cups of tea;
from multicultural street scenes to far-right protesters; sporting tri-
umphs to terrorist attacks.�
As the participants watched the footage, a researcher monitored a
graph which showed their emotional responses by spiking up and
down.
The experiment showed some interesting results about people�s
emotional responses and their thoughts that were more deeply
rooted in the brain. For example, after being shown a clip with �stir-
ring music and regal scenes of the Queen and her family�
none of
the group spoke positively about Britain�s monarchy, with some
saying how
much they disliked it.
But
when their
emotional
responses were correlated to their brain scans, it revealed more
mixed findings.
�Their brain scans, however, revealed more mixed findings. The
Queen got a warmer reaction if she was smiling and in a more
informal setting; reaction to Charles and Camilla was cool. But the
winners were Princes William and Harry, with a scene showing
Harry serving in Afghanistan producing
a particularly positive
response.�
The
article
continues
with the
experiment�s
findings,
looking
specifically at how the participants reacted to a �multicutural Britain�
and scenes of tragedy.
Want more? checkout: www .current.com
10
Kris
Kel
li, (
who
se l
iber
ated
sin
gle
‘Noh
Kot
chA
roun
d’w
hich
tel
ls u
s no
t to
be
lazy
and
aim
to
achi
eve
our
goal
s),
offi
cial
ly e
nter
ed t
he m
usic
indu
stry
in J
anua
ry 2
003.
K
ris, a
ccor
ding
to h
erpu
blic
ist,
“wen
t thr
ough
a v
ery
hect
ic tw
o ye
ars
ofle
arni
ng th
e bu
sine
ss, w
ritin
g an
d re
cord
ing,
per
-fo
rmin
g at
a n
umbe
r of
maj
or s
tage
sho
ws
and
char
ity e
vent
s lo
cally
, goi
ng o
n an
ele
ven-
City
tour
in t
he U
nite
d St
ates
as
wel
l as
perfo
rman
ces
inC
anad
a an
d fil
min
g so
me
mus
ic v
ideo
s”.
Ade
cisi
on w
as m
ade
in e
arly
200
5 th
at th
e tim
eha
d co
me
for
Kris
Kel
li to
foc
us o
n he
r de
but
albu
m.
She
spe
nt t
he n
ext
18 m
onth
s w
ritin
g,re
cord
ing
and
wor
king
with
a n
umbe
r of
top
pro-
duce
rs i
n Ja
mai
ca t
o co
me
up w
ith h
er d
ebut
albu
m ti
tled
“My
Wor
ld”.
The
albu
m b
oast
s 15
trac
ks in
clud
ing
two
colla
b-or
atio
ns w
ith B
eeni
e M
an a
nd V
ybz
Kar
tel.
The
albu
m
repr
esen
ts
vario
us
genr
es
of
Reg
gae
mus
ic a
nd a
lso
capt
ures
the
ess
ence
, jo
urne
yan
d ve
rsat
ility
of
the
artis
te.
“MY
WO
RLD
” w
asre
leas
ed
in
Japa
n by
P
ony
Can
yon
Int.,
on
Sep
tem
ber 2
0th,
200
6 an
d is
doi
ng v
ery
wel
l.K
ris K
elli
has
visi
ted
Japa
n se
vera
l tim
es d
oing
prom
otio
nal t
ours
in th
e ci
ties
of T
okyo
and
Osa
kaas
wel
l as
Int
ervi
ews
rela
ting
to h
er A
lbum
and
phot
o sh
oots
for
sev
eral
Mag
azin
es i
nclu
ding
alin
e of
Win
ter
Wea
r fo
r W
oofin
and
Woo
fin G
irlM
agaz
ines
.Th
e ye
ar 2
007
star
ted
off v
ery
hect
ic fo
r Kris
Kel
liw
ith tw
o vi
deos
bei
ng s
hot i
n th
e fir
st q
uarte
r fo
r“S
TEP
UP
” whi
ch is
the
lead
sin
gle
on h
er a
lbum
and
“We’
re M
issi
ng Y
ou”
(The
Trib
ute)
tha
t w
asre
cord
ed a
fter t
he a
lbum
was
rele
ased
.S
he a
gain
trav
elle
d to
Jap
an in
Apr
il 20
07, f
or tw
o
wee
ks w
here
she
per
form
ed a
t the
Reg
gae
Fies
taC
once
rt w
hich
is h
eld
annu
ally
in O
kina
wa
as w
ell
as d
oing
mor
e pr
omot
ions
for
her
deb
ut A
lbum
and
sign
ing
a 12
mon
ths
endo
rsem
ent d
eal w
ithG
LAD
NE
WS
clo
thin
g lin
e.S
he l
aunc
hed
her
fully
FLA
SH
and
Int
erac
tive
Web
site
w
ww
.kris
kelli
.com
, on
N
ovem
ber
01,
2007
and
did
her
third
and
last
vid
eo fo
r the
yea
rfo
r he
r ne
w
sing
le
“Sw
eet
Intro
” w
hich
w
asre
leas
ed in
Dec
embe
r 200
7.H
er v
ideo
“We’
re m
issi
ng y
ou” w
as o
n th
e M
TV’s
Tem
po
Cro
ss
Car
ibbe
an
Cou
ntdo
wn
Top
10Vi
deo
char
t for
13
wee
ks a
nd p
eake
d at
the
# 2
posi
tion
for
5 w
eeks
, it h
as a
lso
been
nom
inat
edby
The
Reg
gae
Aca
dem
y Aw
ards
with
3 o
ther
vide
os fo
r the
Bes
t Vid
eo fo
r 200
7 in
the
Reg
gae
cate
gory
.20
08 h
as s
tarte
d ou
t as
plan
ned
with
a lo
t of s
tu-
dio
wor
k an
d th
e re
leas
e of
fiv
e ne
w s
ingl
es(C
an’t
Take
Thi
s N
o M
ore,
Bre
akin
g P
oint
, B
ack
To B
lack
, Brin
g Yo
ur ‘A
’Gam
e an
d St
rong
er).
Kris
Kel
li co
ntin
ues
to w
ork
on th
e tra
cks
for
a po
ssi-
ble
Sop
hom
ore
albu
m fo
r rel
ease
in th
e la
tter p
art
of th
is y
ear.
In J
anua
ry 2
008
nego
tiatio
ns w
ere
com
plet
edw
ith P
ublis
hing
Hou
se “
WE
STB
UR
YM
US
IC”
inLo
ndon
and
Kris
Kel
li is
now
sig
ned
to th
eir r
oos-
ter o
f Arti
ste.
Dis
cogr
aphy
Two
song
s, U
ptow
n To
p R
anki
n an
d Fl
ip U
p th
atw
ere
rele
ased
in th
e fir
st q
uarte
r of 2
003
mad
e it
to th
e N
umbe
r 1
spot
on
the
Italia
n R
egga
e si
n-gl
es c
hart
for
the
mon
ths
of M
arch
and
Apr
ilre
spec
tivel
y.
In 2
005
she
also
had
3 c
hart
topp
ers
in A
ustri
a on
thei
r re
ggae
ch
art.
H
er
Deb
ut A
lbum
“M
YW
OR
LD”
was
re
leas
ed
by
Pon
y C
anyo
n In
t.Ja
pan
the
20th
Sep
tem
ber 2
006.
Wan
t mor
e in
fo?
ww
w.s
onic
bids
.com
/kris
kelli
In th
e ne
xt is
sue
- Wha
t is
Bea
uty?
11
A Le
tter f
rom
Alic
e W
alke
r
Dear
Broth
er Ob
ama,
You h
ave no
idea
, rea
lly, o
f how
profo
und t
his m
omen
t is f
or us
. Us
being
the b
lack p
eople
of th
e Sou
thern
Unite
d Stat
es. Yo
u thin
k you
know
, bec
ause
you a
re tho
ughtf
ul, an
d you
have
stud
ied ou
r hist
o-ry.
But s
eeing
you d
elive
r the
torch
so m
any o
thers
befor
e you
car-
ried,
year
after
year,
dec
ade
after
deca
de, c
entur
y aft
er ce
ntury,
only
to be
stru
ck do
wn be
fore i
gniti
ng th
e flam
e of j
ustic
e and
oflaw
, is a
lmos
t mor
e tha
n the
heart
can b
ear.
And y
et, th
is ob
serva
-tio
n is n
ot int
ende
d to b
urde
n you
, for
you a
re of
a diffe
rent t
ime,
and,
indee
d, be
caus
e of
all th
e rel
ay ru
nners
befo
re yo
u, No
rthAm
erica
is a
differ
ent p
lace.
It is
really
only
to say
: Well
done
. We
knew
, thro
ugh a
ll the
gene
ration
s, tha
t you
were
with
us, in
us, th
ebe
st of
the sp
irit o
f Afri
ca an
d of t
he A
meric
as. K
nowi
ng th
is, th
atyo
u wo
uld a
ctuall
y ap
pear,
som
eday,
was
part
of ou
r str
ength
.Se
eing y
ou ta
ke yo
ur ri
ghtfu
l plac
e, ba
sed so
lely o
n you
r wisd
om,
stami
na an
d ch
aracte
r, is
a balm
for t
he w
eary
warri
ors o
f hop
e,pr
eviou
sly on
ly su
ng ab
out.
I wou
ld ad
vise y
ou to
reme
mber
that y
ou di
d not
create
the d
isas-
ter th
at the
wor
ld is
expe
rienc
ing, a
nd yo
u alon
e are
not r
espon
si-ble
for b
ringin
g the
wor
ld ba
ck to
balan
ce. A
prim
ary re
spon
sibil-
ity th
at yo
u do h
ave, h
owev
er, is
to cu
ltivate
happ
iness
in yo
ur ow
nlife
. To m
ake a
sche
dule
that p
ermits
suffic
ient t
ime o
f rest
and p
laywi
th yo
ur go
rgeo
us w
ife an
d lov
ely da
ughte
rs. An
d so o
n. On
e gath
-ers
that
your
fami
ly is
large
. We
are u
sed to
seein
g me
n in
theWh
ite H
ouse
soon
bec
ome
juice
less
and
as wh
ite-ha
ired
as the
build
ing; w
e noti
ce th
eir w
ives a
nd ch
ildren
look
ing st
raine
d an
dstr
essed
. The
y soo
n have
smile
s so l
ackin
g in j
oy th
at the
y rem
indus
of sc
issor
s. Th
is is
no w
ay to
lead
. Nor
does
your
fami
ly de
serve
this f
ate. O
ne w
ay of
think
ing ab
out a
ll this
is: It
is so
bad n
ow th
atthe
re is
no ex
cuse
not t
o rela
x. Fr
om yo
ur ha
ppy,
relax
ed st
ate, y
ouca
n mo
del r
eal s
ucce
ss, w
hich
is all
that
so m
any
peop
le in
thewo
rld re
ally w
ant.
They
may
buy e
ndles
s cars
and h
ouses
and f
urs
and
gobb
le up
all
the a
ttenti
on a
nd sp
ace
they
can
mana
ge, o
rba
rely m
anag
e, bu
t this
is b
ecau
se it
is no
t yet
clear
to the
m tha
tsu
ccess
is tru
ly an
insid
e job
. Tha
t it i
s with
in the
reac
h of a
lmos
tev
eryon
e.I w
ould
furthe
r adv
ise yo
u no
t to t
ake o
n oth
er pe
ople’
s ene
mies.
Most
dama
ge th
at oth
ers d
o to
us is
out
of fea
r, hu
milia
tion
and
pain.
Thos
e fee
lings
occu
r in a
ll of
us, n
ot jus
t in t
hose
of us
who
profe
ss a c
ertain
relig
ious o
r rac
ial de
votio
n. We
mus
t lea
rn ac
tual-
ly no
t to h
ave en
emies
, but
only
confu
sed ad
versa
ries w
ho ar
e our
-sel
ves i
n disg
uise.
It is
unde
rstoo
d by a
ll tha
t you
are c
omma
nder
in ch
ief of
the U
nited
State
s and
are s
worn
to p
rotec
t our
belo
ved
coun
try; t
his w
e und
erstan
d, co
mplet
ely. H
owev
er, as
my
mothe
rus
ed to
say,
quoti
ng a
Bible
with
which
I oft
en fo
ught,
“ha
te the
sin, b
ut lov
e the
sinn
er.” T
here
must
be no
mor
e cru
shing
of w
hole
comm
uniti
es, no
mor
e tor
ture,
no m
ore d
ehum
anizi
ng as
a me
ans
of ru
ling a
peop
le’s s
pirit.
This
has a
lread
y hap
pene
d to p
eople
ofco
lor, p
oor
peop
le, w
omen
, chil
dren
. We
see w
here
this
leads
,wh
ere it
has l
ed.
A go
od m
odel
of ho
w to
“wor
k with
the e
nemy
” inte
rnall
y is p
re-sen
ted by
the D
alai L
ama,
in his
endle
ss ca
retak
ing of
his
soul
ashe
confr
onts
the Ch
inese
gove
rnme
nt tha
t inv
aded
Tibe
t. Be
caus
e,fin
ally,
it is
the so
ul tha
t mus
t be p
reserv
ed, i
f one
is to
rema
in a
credib
le lea
der.
All el
se mi
ght b
e los
t; bu
t whe
n the
soul
dies,
theco
nnec
tion
to ea
rth, t
o peo
ples,
to an
imals
, to r
ivers,
to m
ounta
inran
ges,
purp
le an
d maje
stic,
also d
ies. A
nd yo
ur sm
ile, w
ith w
hich
we w
atch y
ou do
grac
ious b
attle
with
unjus
t cha
racter
izatio
ns, d
is-tor
tions
and l
ies, is
that
expr
ession
of he
althy
self-
worth
, spir
it and
soul,
that,
kept
happ
y and
free
and r
elaxe
d, ca
n find
an an
sweri
ngsm
ile in
all o
f us,
lighti
ng ou
r way,
and b
righte
ning t
he w
orld.
We ar
e the
ones
we ha
ve be
en w
aiting
for.
In Pe
ace a
nd Jo
y,
Alice
Walk
er
© 20
08, A
lice W
alker
12
IIss EE
nngglliiss
hh yyoouu
rr SSeecc
oonndd
LLaanngg
uuaaggee
?? IIss
PPrroonn
uunncciiaa
ttiioonn aa
PPrroo
bblleemm??
LLeeaa
rrnnSS
oocciiaall
EEnngg
lliisshh ii
nn tthhee
CCuulltt
uurraall
GGaarr
ddeenn
EEmmaa
iill:: ccuu
llttuurraa
llggaarrdd
eenn@@aa
ooll..ccoo
mm
TT
eell:: 00
11558822
772211
660055
ffoorr ff
rreeee aa
sssseess
ssmmeenn
tt..
Misse
d a Co
py?
Orde
r thr
u www
.mysp
ace/
black
brigh
tnews
Poem
for
Oba
ma
Ros
a P
arks
,Mar
tin
Lut
her
Kin
g,M
alco
lm X
Sojo
urne
r T
ruth
,Har
riet
Tub
man
,B
ooke
r T.
Was
hing
ton
Mar
cus
Gar
vey,
W.E
.B.D
u B
ois,
Bob
Mar
ley
Wak
e up
and
ari
se fr
om y
our
grav
es:
The
re’s
a B
lack
man
in t
he W
hite
hou
seA
nd K
enya
ns,a
par
t of
you
is r
ight
up
ther
eA
fric
ans,
a pa
rt o
fyo
u is
rig
ht u
p th
ere
And
all
thos
e,fr
om a
ll co
mm
unit
ies
Who
vot
ed fo
r yo
u,su
ppor
ted
you
Ros
a P
arks
,did
you
imag
ine
that
?M
arti
n L
uthe
r K
ing,
did
you
drea
m o
fth
at?
The
col
our
line
has
been
bro
ken
Bro
ken
at la
st! B
roke
n at
last
! Y
es y
ou d
id d
ream
of
that
So a
rise
,you
r sp
irit
is a
lrea
dy h
ere
Did
you
kno
w o
fw
hat
sign
ifica
nce
You
all
are,
insi
de a
nd o
utsi
de o
fA
mer
ica
Thi
s is
a s
tep
for
the
who
le w
orld
Eve
n th
ough
som
e ar
e st
ill n
ot a
war
e of
itSo
me
still
thi
nk t
hey
can
get
away
w
ith
bein
g ra
cist
Man
y m
ay s
till
not
see
the
need
fo
r th
e Ch
ange
tha
t’s
Gon
na C
ome
And
tha
t th
e Ch
ange
,tha
t ha
s be
en c
omin
gE
ver
sinc
e th
e id
ea o
fB
lack
Lib
erat
ion
is O
ur L
iber
atio
nW
hoev
er w
e ar
e,w
hate
ver
colo
ur w
e ar
eE
ver
sinc
e sl
aver
y’s
abol
itio
nW
e ar
e m
ovin
g in
to li
bera
tion
The
col
ourl
ine
has
been
bro
ken
It h
as b
een
brok
en!
And
all
com
mun
itie
s pl
ayed
a p
art
In e
lect
ing
Oba
ma
Bla
cks,
Whi
tes,
all c
omm
unit
ies
play
ed a
par
tTo
get
a B
lack
man
into
the
Whi
te h
ouse
Peo
ple
ofal
l col
ours
and
non
e pl
ayed
a p
art
So u
nite
d w
e st
and
The
col
ourl
ine
has
been
bro
ken
Thi
s is
abs
olut
e lib
erat
ion
We
are
brea
king
free
Tho
se w
ho v
oted
for
Oba
ma,
supp
orte
d O
bam
aA
nd t
hose
who
had
giv
en t
heir
live
sIn
the
dec
ades
and
dec
ades
of
fight
ing
agai
nst
oppr
essi
on
The
yea
rs a
nd y
ears
of
fight
ing
for
free
dom
And
her
e w
e ar
e,m
ovin
gF
rom
sla
very
to
civi
l rig
hts
to O
bam
a!
The
col
our
line
has
been
bro
ken!
It fe
els
like
Sout
h A
fric
a in
199
4T
he fi
rst
mul
tira
cial
ele
ctio
nsA
nd t
hen
I he
ard
it b
y th
e B
BC
I sa
w it
on
TV
The
y sa
id it
was
the
‘Man
dela
Mom
ent’
Yes
it is
!A
nd t
he N
krum
ah m
omen
t to
oW
hen
Gha
na a
chie
ved
inde
pend
ence
The
Tou
ssai
nt ‘O
uver
ture
mom
ent
whe
n H
aiti
ach
ieve
d in
depe
nden
ceso
man
y m
omen
ts t
o re
mem
ber
but
rem
embe
r,w
e do
n’t
just
wan
t m
omen
ts o
ffr
eedo
mw
e w
ant
the
who
le lo
tw
e w
ant
wha
t w
e ne
ed,
and
wha
t so
man
y of
us d
eser
veso
we
have
to
keep
it u
p,ke
ep u
p th
ose
mom
ents
keep
up
the
mom
entu
m!
Yes
we
have
to
thin
k ho
w t
o ke
ep it
up
Bec
ause
rem
embe
r M
ande
la in
Sou
th A
fric
aW
ho t
ried
his
bes
t fo
r So
uth
Afr
ica
but
it is
not
as
free
As
it is
sup
pose
d to
be
The
re’s
sti
ll a
lot
ofW
hite
Sup
rem
acy
The
old
reg
ime
is n
ot y
et d
ism
antl
ed
Let
’s t
hink
how
we
can
keep
up
the
liber
atio
nH
ow c
an w
e di
sman
tle
raci
sm?
And
how
can
we
get
ever
ybod
y to
join
in?
Cont
inue
to
brea
k th
e co
lour
line
Unt
il it
’s g
one
How
can
we
all b
e O
neW
ith
all i
nequ
alit
ies
over
com
e?
© U
rsul
a tr
oche
,11.
08
Gre
etin
gs B
elov
ed F
riend
s,
Just
a fe
w li
nes
to m
ark
this
mom
ent i
n tim
e w
here
we
see
now
a n
ew D
awn
in t
he e
lect
ion
of t
he R
ight
Hon
oura
ble
Oba
ma
as a
n A
mer
ican
pre
side
nt o
fA
fric
an d
esce
nt w
ith h
is b
eaut
iful w
ife a
nd c
hild
ren
ofA
fric
an d
esce
nt a
s th
e U
SA‘F
irst L
ady
/ Fam
ily’.
I gi
ve t
hank
s to
hav
e w
itnes
sed
this
mom
ent,
and
Ikn
ow m
y Fa
ther
who
was
a G
arve
yite
, mus
t be
plea
sed
also
if h
e’s
look
ing
on fr
om th
e re
alm
s of
spi
rit. T
his
isa
mom
entu
s ev
ent i
n th
e st
rugg
le o
f ou
r pe
ople
, mos
tpa
rticu
larly
for
the
Afr
ican
Am
eric
ans
stem
min
g fr
omth
e er
a of
the
civ
il rig
hts
mov
emen
ts a
nd t
he R
ight
Hon
oura
ble
Mar
tin L
uthe
r Kin
g, fo
r the
re a
re s
ome
ofth
ose
vote
rs
who
co
uld
rem
embe
r th
e da
ys
ofSe
greg
atio
n an
d be
atin
gs.
We
all
have
to
say
a lit
tle p
raye
r to
kee
p th
e O
bam
aFa
mily
saf
e fo
r th
e ar
duou
s ta
sk a
head
is ‘
just
beg
in-
ning
’with
his
ina
ugur
atio
n in
Jan
uary
and
tak
ing
the
helm
of o
ne o
f the
mos
t pow
erfu
l cou
ntrie
s on
the
plan
-et
, lef
t in
a st
ate
of w
orse
dis
arra
y.
Mos
t spe
cial
and
not
ewor
thy
is th
e fa
ct th
at th
e w
ife h
eha
s be
side
him
is b
lack
and
this
als
o is
a te
stam
ent i
nits
elf a
s to
wha
t a w
oman
of s
ubst
ance
can
als
o ac
hiev
ew
ith d
eter
min
atio
n an
d tru
e ch
arac
ter f
or a
ckno
wle
dge-
men
t is
due
also
for h
er ro
le in
the
jour
ney
of th
at fa
m-
ily.
May
Jah
con
tinue
to
be w
ith u
s al
l in
thi
s ne
wLi
bera
tion
chap
ter
for
as t
he s
ayin
g go
es ‘
Alu
taC
ontin
ua’(
the
stru
ggle
con
tinue
s), u
ntil
all o
f us
are
truly
free
in m
ind
body
and
spi
rit.
One
Lov
e,C
oz T
afar
i.
13
Stat
emen
t on
Bar
ack
Obam
aSt
atem
ent
on B
arac
k Ob
ama
by C
oz T
by C
oz T
afar
iaf
ari
A D
ream
?W
hen
I hea
rd t
hat
you
had
won
I clu
tche
d m
y he
adTe
ars
bega
n to
run
..
I cal
led
my
daug
hter
sA
nd t
hen
trie
d m
y m
umal
l at
arou
nd 5
:00
a.m
.
Cou
ld it
be
true
?C
ould
Oba
ma
win
?O
r w
as it
all
Just
a d
ream
?
I wen
t to
wor
kA
buz
z in
my
stri
deEy
es a
lert
Mou
th s
mili
ng w
ide
“I c
an”,
I whi
sper
ed“W
e ca
n” r
ang
thro
ugh
Ever
ythi
ng I
plan
ned
to d
o..
Oba
ma
is m
ore
than
a m
an,
He
has
chan
ged
the
wor
ldW
ith t
he w
ords
“w
e ca
n”
Ever
yone
...
Old
and
you
ng
Hav
e no
w w
itnes
sed
how
it a
ll be
gan.
Myr
na L
oy ©
11/
08
14
The
Mor
e Th
ings
Cha
nge…
..
Stev
e St
rand
’s
repo
rt (G
uard
ian
5 S
epte
mbe
r20
08)
is a
tim
ely
rem
inde
r to
gov
ernm
ent
and
scho
ols
of w
hat
Bla
ck C
arib
bean
par
ents
and
man
y bl
ack
teac
hers
hav
e be
en p
rote
stin
g ab
out
for y
ears
. H
is re
sear
ch b
ased
evi
denc
e ha
s be
enpr
eced
ed b
y th
e fin
ding
s of
bla
ck s
uppl
emen
tary
scho
ols
and
the
expe
rienc
e of
fru
stra
ted
pare
nts
up a
nd d
own
the
land
for d
ecad
es, i
e., t
hat t
each
-er
s’lo
w
expe
ctat
ions
an
d st
ereo
typi
cal
belie
fsre
gard
ing
the
abili
ty o
f Afri
can
Car
ibbe
an c
hild
ren
and
the
qual
ity o
f th
eir
teac
hing
tha
t flo
ws
from
thos
e ar
e le
adin
g to
edu
catio
nal
unde
rach
ieve
-m
ent,
low
stu
dent
asp
iratio
ns a
nd a
dis
affe
ctio
nfro
m le
arni
ng th
at e
ncou
rage
s po
or b
ehav
iour
and
disc
iplin
e an
d lo
w s
elf w
orth
.
Forty
yea
rs a
go, t
he v
ery
first
par
liam
enta
ry s
elec
tco
mm
ittee
rep
ort
on r
ace
rela
tions
and
imm
igra
-tio
n ch
arge
d th
at W
est I
ndia
n pa
rent
s ha
d to
o hi
ghas
pira
tions
for
the
ir ch
ildre
n an
d a
tend
ency
to
equa
te le
ngth
of t
ime
spen
t in
scho
ol w
ith th
e qu
al-
ity o
f sc
hool
ing
outc
omes
the
y co
uld
expe
ct f
orth
eir
child
ren.
Li
ttle
has
chan
ged
sinc
e.
Inde
ed,
now
that
thre
e ge
nera
tions
of C
arib
bean
her
itage
peop
le h
ave
been
thr
ough
the
Brit
ish
scho
olin
gsy
stem
, te
ache
rs’
prof
essi
onal
soc
ialis
atio
n w
ithre
gard
to
teac
hing
Bla
ck C
arib
bean
chi
ldre
n ha
sbe
en
larg
ely
influ
ence
d by
ex
pect
atio
ns
abou
tch
alle
ngin
g be
havi
our,
unfo
cuse
d le
arni
ng,
low
aspi
ratio
ns a
nd u
nder
achi
evem
ent.
Har
dly
sur-
pris
ing,
the
refo
re,
that
les
s th
an f
ifty
per
cent
of
new
ly q
ualif
ied
teac
hers
feel
they
hav
e th
e co
mpe
-te
nce
and
cultu
ral
awar
enes
s to
dea
l w
ith b
lack
stud
ents
, es
peci
ally
in u
rban
set
tings
. T
he m
ore
thin
gs c
hang
e, th
e m
ore
they
sta
y th
e sa
me.
I had
the
expe
rienc
e w
hen
Dire
ctor
of E
duca
tion
inH
ackn
ey in
the
1990
s of
my
son
losi
ng h
is z
est f
orle
arni
ng a
nd b
ecom
ing
utte
rly m
iser
able
at
the
very
thou
ght o
f yet
ano
ther
day
at h
is lo
cal p
rimar
ysc
hool
. W
hen
I w
ent
to s
ee t
he t
each
er w
hose
teac
hing
was
for h
im a
tota
l tur
n of
f, sh
e sa
id s
hesa
w h
im b
ecom
ing
disi
nter
este
d an
d ta
lkin
g w
ithhi
s fri
ends
mor
e an
d m
ore,
but
she
‘jus
t lef
t him
’. I
took
up
the
mat
ter
with
the
head
teac
her
and
was
prom
ptly
acc
used
of a
busi
ng m
y po
wer
as
dire
ctor
of e
duca
tion
and
hara
ssin
g th
e te
ache
r. M
y so
nso
on m
oved
to
anot
her
Hac
kney
prim
ary
scho
olw
here
he
redi
scov
ered
his
love
of
scho
ol a
nd o
f
lear
ning
. M
any
of h
is f
riend
s ev
entu
ally
tra
ns-
ferr
ed t
o se
cond
ary
scho
ol i
ll pr
epar
ed b
oth
inte
rms
of t
heir
attit
ude
to l
earn
ing
and
thei
r se
lfm
anag
emen
t ski
lls, n
eith
er o
f whi
ch h
ad a
nyth
ing
to d
o w
ith th
eir a
cade
mic
abi
lity.
The
Com
mun
ities
Em
pow
erm
ent
Net
wor
k (C
EN
)of
whi
ch I
was
cha
ir fo
r so
me
year
s, r
epre
sent
sbl
ack
stud
ents
and
par
ents
eac
h w
eek
in d
ispu
tes
with
sch
ools
abo
ut d
iscr
imin
ator
y pr
actic
es a
roun
dse
tting
, ban
ding
and
stre
amin
g.
Bla
ck C
arib
bean
stud
ents
’exp
erie
nce
of th
ose
arra
ngem
ents
ofte
nle
ads
them
to
chal
leng
e te
ache
rs,
stop
app
lyin
gth
emse
lves
, in
dulg
e in
dis
rupt
ive
beha
viou
rs o
r,w
here
they
can
, dro
p a
subj
ect a
ltoge
ther
.
I sus
pect
ther
e ar
e un
disc
lose
d is
sues
to d
o w
ith‘ra
ce’a
nd a
bilit
y an
d ho
w B
lack
Car
ibbe
an c
hil-
dren
lea
rn w
hich
acc
ount
for
the
dec
isio
ns t
hat
man
y te
ache
rs m
ake,
how
ever
muc
h th
ey m
ight
just
ify th
ose
deci
sion
s on
gro
unds
of p
upil
beha
v-io
ur o
r lac
k of
app
licat
ion.
I re
cent
ly p
rodu
ced
‘Bor
n to
be
Gre
at’,
a C
harte
ron
Rai
sing
the
Atta
inm
ent
of B
lack
Car
ibbe
anB
oys,
with
the
Nat
iona
l Uni
on o
f Tea
cher
s, b
ased
on a
ser
ies
of R
ound
Tab
le d
iscu
ssio
ns w
ith B
lack
Car
ibbe
an s
tude
nts,
par
ents
and
tea
cher
s. T
heC
harte
r is
a b
old
affir
mat
ion
that
if w
e ar
e to
hal
tth
e de
stru
ctio
n of
hop
e an
d th
e de
ath
of a
spira
tion,
the
desc
ent i
nto
hope
less
ness
that
Ste
ve S
trand
’sre
sear
ch h
eral
ds f
or f
ar t
oo m
any
of o
ur y
oung
peop
le,
all
stak
ehol
ders
mus
t ow
n up
to
thei
rre
spon
sibi
lity
and
wor
k in
divi
dual
ly a
nd c
olle
ctiv
e-ly
to m
ake
a di
ffere
nce.
Th
at is
why
the
Cha
rter
artic
ulat
es th
e en
title
men
ts a
nd th
e re
spon
sibi
litie
sof
stu
dent
s th
emse
lves
, of t
heir
pare
nts/
care
rs a
ndof
sch
ools
and
teac
hers
. Th
at is
why
it d
eser
ves
to b
e ad
opte
d by
DC
SF
for u
se b
y sc
hool
s an
d by
Bla
ck C
arib
bean
stu
dent
s an
d pa
rent
s.
Gus
Joh
n
Ass
ocia
te P
rofe
ssor
Lond
on C
entr
e fo
r Le
ader
ship
in L
earn
ing
Inst
itute
of E
duca
tion
Uni
vers
ity o
f Lon
don
5 S
epte
mbe
r 200
8
(For
Ros
Tay
lor,
Dep
uty
Com
men
t Edi
tor,
The
Gua
rdia
n)
Blac
k-Br
ight
Blac
k-Br
ight
WWou
ld l
ike
to w
ish
ould
lik
e to
wis
hAl
l he
r Re
ader
sAl
l he
r Re
ader
sA
Safe
&A
Safe
&Bl
esse
dBl
esse
dH
olid
ay S
easo
n!H
olid
ay S
easo
n!
ww
ww
ww
.mys
pace
.com
/bla
ckbr
ight
new
s.m
yspa
ce.c
om/b
lack
brig
htne
ws
Pain
ting
by T
yron
e B
ravo
ww
w.m
yspa
ce.c
om/t
yron
ebra
voar
t
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