Birds of Malagos Watershed: Birds of Malagos Watershed: A Comparative StudyA Comparative Study
Presented by:Presented by:
Geonyzl Lepiten-AlviolaGeonyzl Lepiten-AlviolaCo-Authors:
Julie B. Otadoy
Bernadette Del Rosario
Jason Ibanez
Davao Doctors College
Graduate School, ADDU and
Philippine Eagle Foundation
= 348 avian species
• 147 resident
• 93 migratory
• 94 endemic
• 14 both migratory and resident
Malagos WatershedMalagos Watershed
Is a forest fragment preserved Is a forest fragment preserved by DENR and DCWDby DENR and DCWD
reforestation program started reforestation program started since 1990 inviting –since 1990 inviting –
= schools= schools= school clubs= school clubs= NGO’s= NGO’s
Why the birds in the study?Why the birds in the study? it determine the condition of it determine the condition of
the environmentthe environmentBirds serves as ecological Birds serves as ecological
indicator indicator
Objectives: To conduct an ecological To conduct an ecological
assessment of avian speciesassessment of avian species To identify and classify birds To identify and classify birds
within the areawithin the area To determine the distribution of To determine the distribution of
bird species and compare the bird species and compare the taxonomic listing of birds with taxonomic listing of birds with the previous study.the previous study.
Methodology
Two methods were usedTwo methods were used
1. point count method1. point count method
2. mist netting method2. mist netting method
Point count 8 point counts were established8 point counts were established 200 m apart with markers per 200 m apart with markers per
countcount survey started from 0600- 1700 survey started from 0600- 1700
hr (morning, noon and late hr (morning, noon and late afternoon)afternoon)
The observer should stay The observer should stay 15 to 20 mins per count 15 to 20 mins per count
Point Count 1Point Count 1
Point Count 2Point Count 2
Point Count 3Point Count 3
Point Count 4Point Count 4
Point Count 5Point Count 5
Point Count 6Point Count 6
Point Count 7Point Count 7
Mist Netting Effort
Mist nest with 12 m x 2.8 m and with 36 mm mesh
Tied and supported by the poles placed in varying distances Position either sky level or
ground level. Opened daily from 4:30-17:00
Preparation of the mist nets
Sky nets
Ground nets
The study started last The study started last September and continued in September and continued in November 2004November 2004
Field Guide to Philippine Birds by Field Guide to Philippine Birds by Kennedy (2000) was used to Kennedy (2000) was used to identify the birds.identify the birds.
ResultsResults
Table 1. Number of bird species in the Philippines, in Mindanao and data from all surveys in Malagos Watershed.
PhilippinesPresent Survey
in Malagos Watershed
%
All Species 556 54 9.71Families 79 27 34.18
Residents 385 32 8.31Resident / Migrant 15 1 6.67
Migrant 152 2 1.32Philippine Endemic 173 12 6.93Mindanao Endemic 102 7 6.86Threatened Species 1213 4 0.33
Philippine EndemicsPhilippine Endemics
Philippine dwarf-kingfisher
Ceyx melarunus
White-eared brown dove
Phapitreron leucotis
Phil. EndemicsPhil. Endemics
Yellow – Bellied Whistler
Pachycephala homeyeri
Philippine bulbul
Hypsipetes philippinus
Phil. EndemicsPhil. Endemics
Streaked ground-babbler Ptilocichla mindanensis
Mindanao EndemicMindanao EndemicSilvery Kingfisher
Alcedo argentata
Brown tit babbler
Macronous striaticeps
Mindanao Endemic
Little slaty flycatcher Ficedula basilanica
Resident BirdsResident Birds
Yellow-wattled bulbul Pynonotus urostictus
Hooded pittaPitta sordida
Resident BirdsResident Birds
Arachnothera longirostra Little spiderhunter
Black –naped Monarch
Hypothymis helenae
Pied fantail Rhipidura javanica
Spangle drongoDicrurus hottentottus
Resident
Drongo cuckoo
Surniculus lugubris
Plaintive cuckoo Cacomantis merulinus
Resident Birds
Common Emerald Dove Chalcophaps indica
Migrant BirdMigrant Bird
Brown shrike Lanius cristatus
The most observed families1. Nectariniidae
ex. Little spiderhunter
2. Estrildidae ex. Chestnut munia (Lonchura malacca)
3. Pycnonotidae
a. Yellow wattled bulbul
b. Philippine bulbulb. Philippine bulbul
Rare or Uncommon Avian Species
Silvery kingfisher(Alcedo argentata)
Philippine dwarf Philippine dwarf kingfisherkingfisher
((Ceryx melarunus)Ceryx melarunus)
Little slaty Little slaty flycatcherflycatcher
(Ficedula basilanica)(Ficedula basilanica)
Streaked ground-babbler(Ptilocichla mindanensis)
Rufous-lored kingfisher ((Halcyon winchelli))
Ruddy kingfisher ((Halcyon coromanda))
Black-faced coucal (Centropus melanops)
Rufous paradise flycatcher (Tersiphone cinnamomea)
Naked-faced spiderhunter (Arachnothera clarae)
Three Vulnerable Uncommon Species
Rufous-lored kingfisherRufous-lored kingfisher Silvery kingfisherSilvery kingfisher Little slaty flycatcherLittle slaty flycatcher
4 globally threatened 4 globally threatened speciesspecies
Rufous lored kingfisherRufous lored kingfisher Silvery kingfisherSilvery kingfisher Philippine dwarf kingfisher Philippine dwarf kingfisher Little slaty flycatcherLittle slaty flycatcher
( this is based on the Red Data ( this is based on the Red Data Book)Book)
Comparative Survey From 1994-2004
From 1994 -2002 list
7 families were no longer 7 families were no longer observed in 2004.observed in 2004.
1. Apodidae1. Apodidae 5. Oriolidae 5. Oriolidae
2. Picidae 6. Scolopacidae2. Picidae 6. Scolopacidae
3. Coraciidae3. Coraciidae 7. Turnidae 7. Turnidae
4. Hirundinidae4. Hirundinidae
Three families were added in 2004 survey
1.1. Raliidae - Barred railRaliidae - Barred rail
- Plain bush-hen- Plain bush-hen
2. Dicruridae – Spangle drongo2. Dicruridae – Spangle drongo
3. Psittacidae - Colasisi3. Psittacidae - Colasisi
What had caused the decrease of avian species?
Habitat destructionHabitat destruction Hunting for food and pet tradeHunting for food and pet trade Some are shy and migrated to Some are shy and migrated to
other placesother places Insufficient food resourcesInsufficient food resources
ConclusionConclusion
The area is highly disturbed The area is highly disturbed because of the observed birds because of the observed birds were located in opened areas.were located in opened areas.
Even there were 7 families were Even there were 7 families were no longer observed, there are no longer observed, there are new species of birds were added new species of birds were added in the list.in the list.
RecommendationRecommendation
A yearly of avian survey should be A yearly of avian survey should be conducted to monitor avian activity.conducted to monitor avian activity.
In reforestation, select a certain type In reforestation, select a certain type of tree to be planted that is suited in of tree to be planted that is suited in the area.the area.
Strict implementation of the law on Strict implementation of the law on protecting the endangered species.protecting the endangered species.
Don’t let this beauty Don’t let this beauty vanish …..vanish …..
Thank you Thank you Acknowledgements : :
Julie B. OtadoyJulie B. Otadoy
Bernadette del RosarioBernadette del Rosario
Davao Doctors CollegeDavao Doctors College
Philippine Eagle FoundationPhilippine Eagle Foundation
Davao City Water DistrictDavao City Water District
Graduate School, Ateneo de Davao UniversityGraduate School, Ateneo de Davao University
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