NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING ANDTECHNOLOGY
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
Big Data (16CSI732)
By,
Ms. Priyanka k
Asst.Professor,CSE,
NCET
MODULE I
OVERVIEW OF BIGDATA
LECTURE 1
INTRODUCTION: DEFINING BIG DATA
WHAT IS BIG DATA?
‘Big Data’ is similar to ‘small data’, but bigger in size
but having data bigger it requires different approaches: –
Techniques, tools and architecture an aim to solve new problems or
old problems in a better way
Big Data generates value from the storage and processing of very
large quantities of digital information that cannot be analyzed with
traditional computing techniques.
Walmart handles more than 1 million customer transactionsevery
hour.
Facebook handles 40 billion photos from its user base.
Decoding the human genome originally took 10years to process;
now it can be achieved in one week.
WHY BIG DATA?
G r o w t h o f B i gD a t a i s n e e d e d
– Increaseofs toragecapaci t ies
– Increaseofprocess ingpower
–Availabilityofdata( differentdatatypes)
– E v e r yd a y w e c r e a t e 2 . 5 q u i n t i l i o n b y t e s o f
data; 90 % o f t h e d a t a i n t h e w o r l d t o d a y h a s b e e n
c r e a t e d i n t h e l a s t t w o y e a r s a l o n e
FBge ne r a t e s 1 0TBd a i l y
Tw i t e rg e n e r a t e s 7 TB o f d a t a D a i l y
IBM claims 90 % of t oday’s s to r edd a ta w a s
g e n e r a t e d i n j u s t t h e l a s t t w o ye a r s
HOW IS BIG DATADIFFERENT?
Automatically generated by a machine (e.g. Sensor embedded inan
engine)
Typically an entirely new source of data (e.g. Use of the internet)
Not designed to be friendly (e.g. Text streams) 4) May not have
much values
Need to focus on the important part
LECTURE 2
BIG DATATYPES
THREE CHARACTERISTICS OF BIG
DATAV3S
Volume: dataquantity
Velocity: dataspeed
Variety: datatypes
1ST CHARACTER OF BIG DATA
VOLUME
A typical PC might have had 10 gigabytes of storage in 2000.
Today, Facebook ingests 500 terabytes of new data everyday.
Boeing 737 will generate 240 terabytes of flight data during a single
flight across the US.
The smart phones, the data they create and consume; sensors
embedded into everyday objects will soon result in billions of new,
constantly-updated data feeds containing environmental, location,
and other information, including video.
2ND CHARACTER OF BIG DATA
VELOCITY
Clickstreams and ad impressions capture user behavior atmillions
of events per second
High-frequency stock trading algorithms reflect market changes
within microseconds
Machine to machine processes exchange data between billions of
devices
Infrastructure and sensors generate massive log data in realtime
On-line gaming systems support millions of concurrent users, each
producing multiple inputs per second.
3RD CHARACTER OF BIG DATA
VARIETY
Big Data isn't just numbers, dates, and strings. Big Data is also
geospatial data, 3D data, audio and video, and unstructured text,
including log files and social media.
Traditional database systems were designed to addresssmaller
volumes of structured data, fewer updates or a predictable,
consistent data structure.
Big Data analysis includes different types ofdata
THE STRUCTURE OF BIG DATA
Structured : Most traditional datasources
Semi-structured :Many sources of bigdata
Unstructured : Video data, audiodata
LECTURE 3
BIG DATAANALYTICS
BIG DATAANALYTICS
Examining large amount ofdata
Appropriateinformation
Identification of hidden patterns, unknowncorrelations
Competitiveadvantage
Better business decisions: strategic andoperational
Effective marketing, customer satisfaction, increased revenue
TYPES OF TOOLS USED IN BIG-DATA
Where processing is hosted? – Distributed Servers / Cloud(e.g.
Amazon EC2)
Where data is stored? – Distributed Storage (e.g. Amazon S3)
What is the programming model? – Distributed Processing (e.g.
MapReduce)
How data is stored & indexed? – High-performance schema-free
databases (e.g. MongoDB)
What operations are performed on data? – Analytic / Semantic
Processing
APPLICATION OF BIG DATA
ANALYTICS
Smarter Healthcare
Homeland Security
Traffic Control
Manufacturing
Multi-channel sales
Telecom
TradingAnalytics
Searchquality
RISKS OF BIG DATA
Will be sooverwhelmed
Need the right people and solve the rightproblems
Costs escalate toofast
Isn’t necessary tocapture 100%
Many sources of big data isprivacy
Self-regulation
Legalregulation
LECTURE 4
INDUSTRY EXAMPLES OF BIGDATA
LEADING TECHNOLOGY VENDORS
Example Vendors
-IBM – Netezza
-EMC – Greenplum
-Oracle – Exadata
Commonality
-MPParchitectures
-Commodity Hardware
-RDBMS based
-Full SQL compliance
LECTURE 5
INDUSTRY EXAMPLES OF BIGDATA
HOW BIG DATA IMPACTS ONIT
Big data is a troublesome force presenting opportunitieswith
challenges to IT organizations.
By 2015 4.4 million IT jobs in Big Data ; 1.9 million is in US itself
India will require a minimum of 1 lakh data scientists in the next
couple of years in addition to data analysts and data managers to
support the Big Data space.
LECTURE 6
BENEFITS OF BIG DATA
BENEFITS OF BIG DATA
Real-time big data isn’t just a process for storing petabytes or exabytes
of data in a data warehouse, It’s about the ability to make better
decisions and take meaningful actions at the right time.
Fast forward to the present and technologies like Hadoop give you the
scale and flexibility to store data before you know how you are going
to process it.
Technologies such as MapReduce,Hive and Impala enable you torun
queries without changing the data structures underneath.
O u r n ew es t re s ea rch f inds that organizations are u s i ng b ig
d a ta t o t a rgetcu s to me r- cen t r i c o u tco me s , t ap in to in t e rn a
l d a t a a n d b u i l d a b e t e r i n f o r m a t i o n e c o s ys t e m .
B i g D a t a i s a l r e a d y a n i m p o r t a n t p a r t o f t h e $ 64 b i l i o n
d a t a b a s e a n d d a t a a n a l yt i c s m a r k e t
I tofferscommercialop o r t u n i t i e so f a co m p ar a b l e s c a l e t o
e n t e r p r i s e s o f t w a r e i n t h e l a t e 1980 s
LECTURE 7
CROWD SOURCING ANALYTICS
CROWD SOURCE ANALYTICS
Crowd sourcing is the act of taking a job traditionally performed by
a designated agent (usually an employee) and outsourcing it to an
undefined, generally large group of people in the form of an open
call .
Term coined by jeffhowe
When it actuallystart?
Wikipedia
Rent- A-coder
Amazon mechanical turk
APPLICATIONS OF CROWD
SOURCING
Open sourcedsoftware(linux)
Productvoting(threadless)
Make a commercial(chipolte androckband)
Suggestionbox
CROWDSOURCING: THE BENEFITS
CompaniesGet
– Improved quality and productivity
– Feedback
– Good Exposure
– Minimum of Cost
CROWDSOURCING: THE BENEFITS
People Get
– Incentive
Cash Cash Cash
– Recognition
Sense of accomplishment amongpeers
– Make Life Better
Linux
Obama Campaign
Netflix (Netflix Prize)
Cisco (I-Prize)
Steve Fossett
GOOD RULES FOR CROWDSOURCING
Be Focused
Get Your FiltersRight
Tap the Right Crowds
Build Community Into Social Networks
CONCLUSION
Crowdsourcing usedproperly
– Generates New Ideas
– Cuts Development Costs
–Creates a Direct, Emotional, bond with customers
Used Improperly
– Can Produce Useless Wasteful Results
–Beware of Mob Rule “Crowds can be wise, but they can also be
stupid.
LECTURE 8
INDIAN BIG DATACOMPANIES
INDIA – BIG DATA
Gaining attraction
Huge market opportunities for IT services (82.9% of revenues) and
analytics firms (17.1 % )
Current market size is $200 million. By 2015 $1billion
The opportunity for Indian service providers lies in offeringservices
around Big Data implementation and analytics for global
multinationals
FUTURE OF BIG DATA
$15 billion on software firms only specializing in datamanagement
and analytics.
This industry on its own is worth more than $100 billion and
growing at almost 10% a year which is roughly twice as fast as the
software business as a whole.
In February 2012, the open source analyst firm Wikibon releasedthe
first market forecast for Big Data , listing $5.1B revenue in 2012
with growth to $53.4B in 2017
The McKinsey Global Institute estimates that data volume is
growing 40% per year, and will grow 44x between 2009 and 2020.
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