Best Practices
Academy Orientation-Chapter 5
This Session…
•Definition of Best Practices
•Lab-Centric Instruction
•Project-Based Instruction
•Instructional Strategies
•Assessment Strategies
What are Best Practices?
• Practices and strategies that help teachers maximize student learning
• Some examples: – Student centered learning– Brain compatible learning – Multiple Intelligences
• The International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE)
• ISTE has written National Educational Technology Standards for– Students (NETS)– Teachers (NETS•T)– Administrators (NETS•A)
Nets
Literacy, Math and Science Standards
• Raising standards in core subjects has become elevated in importance
• State and local standards keep the education system accountable for results in student achievement
• Educators have gradually generated agreement about standards which have been published in the Goals 2000 Act
The Third International Mathematics and Science Study
• The US leads the world in the amount of math and science objectives covered within curriculum.
• Other countries are better at teaching students how to apply their knowledge.
Student Centered Learning
• Students building their own knowledge through:– Experimentation– Inquiry– Problem-solving– Decision-making– Communication
Multiple Intelligences
• Howard Gardner finds there are multiple intelligences we use to help us master new learning.
• Verbal/Linguistic
• Logical/Mathematical
• Bodily/Kinesthetic
• Musical/Rhythmic
•Visual/Spatial
•Intrapersonal
•Interpersonal
•Naturalist
Inquiry Based Learning A cycle of inquiry for learning
One example is KWHL:1. What do we think we Know about the subject? 2. What do we Want to find out about the subject? 3. How are we going to go about finding our
answers? 4. What do we anticipate Learning? What have we
learned? 5. Can we Apply our learning to other subjects or
projects? 6. What new Questions have surfaced through our
time of inquiry?
Special Needs
Visually Impaired
Hearing Impaired
Physically Impaired
Special Needs/Learning Disabilities
• Sight Impaired
• Hearing Impaired
• Physical Impairments
• Learning Disabilities
CCNA Labs
Curriculum consists of four courses:
•Networking Basics
•Routers and Routing Basics
•Switching Basics and Intermediate Routing
•WAN Technologies
CCNP Labs
The curriculum consists of four courses:
•Advanced Routing
•Remote Access
•Multi-layer Switching
•Network Troubleshooting
Netlabs
•To boost student access to hands-on experiences
•To host live router topologies and curriculum over the internet
•To review students’ work on real equipment
Simulations
Three levels of academy simulations
•Syntax drill
•Lab drill
•Simulations
Sponsored Curriculum Labs
IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software IT Essentials
IT Essentials: Network Operating Systems
Fundamentals of Voice and Data Cabling
Fundamentals of UNIX
Fundamentals of Java Programming
Fundamentals of Web Design
Emerging Technologies
Network Security
IP Telephony
Wireless LANs
Troubleshooting
Challenges and Projects
•Problem-based labs
•Opposite of cookbook or step-by-step
•Two Basic Parts
Solve a given problem
Create a product
Design Activities
•Starts with brainstorming
•Research
•Problem solving
Brainstorming
•The wildest possible ideas are accepted
•There will be no censorship of ideas
•They are looking for quantity
•Build on the ideas of other people
Case Studies
•Can integrate concepts
•Grown in importance
•Used in many professions
Web Research
•Research specific products
•Research questions
•Research extension activities
Instructor-Led Classrooms
Most common approach to teaching and learning
Take entire class period
Mini-lectures (consist of the following)
A hook
A pre-test
The actual lecture
A short question
A test
Self Paced Instruction
Speed of comprehension that fits student learning style
Allows students to go through competencies in a flexible time and space
Study Guides (provide)LearningVocabularyNotesActivityApplyingReflecting
Cooperative/Collaborative Work
Example of cooperative or collaborative work•Studying online curriculum •Doing cabling, lab, and programming activities •Taking oral exams, working as network or programming teams/groups
Types of teams/groups include:Pairs or PartnersSmall GroupsTeamsCompetitive TeamsLarge GroupsWhole Class
Jigsaws
Group setting activity
Three groups
Home groups
Asking The Right QuestionsGraphic Organizers
Types of questioning
Low-level
High-level
PMI
•Plus
•Minus
•Interesting
Graphic Organizers
Examples include:
•Cluster Diagram
•Problem-Solving Matrix
•Flowchart
•Block Diagrams
•Topologies
•Spectrum Diagram
Setting Goals
Truths for students setting personal achievement goals
•Purpose for reaching their goals
•Make connections with other people
•Process of evaluation
Kinesthetic Activities
•Refers to the body to act
•Refers to the body to communicate something
Review Strategies
•Individual students answer review questions on their computer. •Pairs of students discuss and answer review questions on their computer. •Pairs or small groups of students discuss and answer review questions before each student takes the review. •The entire class or groups of students discuss review questions and connect to prior understanding through explanation of the questions. •Small groups each discuss a portion of the questions and demonstrate understanding by explaining to other groups (jigsaw technique). •The entire class plays a Jeopardy-like game. •Student teams or small groups design analogies to explain concepts to other teams of students.
Journals and Reflection
After a lesson, reflection is done the following categories:
•Elements
•Content
•Product
•Process
•Progress
Rubrics
•Criteria established for outcomes
•Two primary functions for teaching and learning
Communicates the expectation
Gives student a target
Portfolio
•Authentic assessment
•Show growth over time
•Student’s reflection
Oral Exams
Centered on job interviews and graduate exams
One method is to give teams of students in advance the:
• Exam questions
• Answers
• Rubrics
Lab Exams
Lab exams include all of the following: •Practical exams •Performance exams •Demonstration labs •Skills-based and performance assessments •Authentic assessment •Mastery learning •Formative and summative exams
Six Lenses
Six perspectives that will be supports:•Equity •Curriculum •Teaching •Learning •Assessment •Technology
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