Baroque EraBaroque Era

BaroqueBaroque

The term baroque was not a complement – it originally The term baroque was not a complement – it originally meant overdone – too many notes in music, too much color meant overdone – too many notes in music, too much color in painting, and too grand in architecture.in painting, and too grand in architecture.

It has come to include the following definitions:It has come to include the following definitions:– Elaborate ornamentationElaborate ornamentation– Dramatic effectDramatic effect– Enlarged spaceEnlarged space– Heightened sensuality combined with spiritualityHeightened sensuality combined with spirituality– Ornate Ornate

Baroque Art and ArchitectureBaroque Art and Architecture

Started in the Catholic Started in the Catholic countries and seen as countries and seen as a a reaction to the reaction to the Protestant Protestant ReformationReformation – see – see how great Catholicism how great Catholicism is…is…

More Baroque ArchitectureMore Baroque Architecture

Baroque ArtBaroque Art In Catholic countries the church In Catholic countries the church

financed most art, in Protestant financed most art, in Protestant countries it was wealthy countries it was wealthy businessmen who financed art. businessmen who financed art.

In other areas of Europe it is In other areas of Europe it is defined by a style of art that shows defined by a style of art that shows great great contrast between light and contrast between light and darkdark and the use of oil paints. and the use of oil paints.

Bernini’s Bernini’s The Ecstasy of St. The Ecstasy of St. Theresa Theresa was considered too erotic was considered too erotic for the Vatican.for the Vatican.

More Bernini –Bodies and MovementMore Bernini –Bodies and Movement

Michelangelo Caravaggio -- ItalianMichelangelo Caravaggio -- Italian

Amor Vincit OmniaAmor Vincit Omnia

(1602) – Oil on Canvas(1602) – Oil on Canvas Love Conquers AllLove Conquers All Used light to display Used light to display

drama.drama. Light usually signified Light usually signified

“God” or heavenly “God” or heavenly intervention. intervention.

Bacchus – Caravaggio (1595)Bacchus – Caravaggio (1595)

Not afraid to use Not afraid to use pagan Greek and pagan Greek and Roman figures in art.Roman figures in art.

The Crucifixion of Saint PeterThe Crucifixion of Saint Peter

The Decapitation of Saint John the BaptistThe Decapitation of Saint John the Baptist

The The Inspiration of Inspiration of St. MatthewSt. Matthew

Judith Slaying Holofernes (1598)Judith Slaying Holofernes (1598)

The Female CaravaggioThe Female Caravaggio

Artemisia GentileschiArtemisia Gentileschi Worked in her father’s Worked in her father’s

studio.studio. Violently raped – Violently raped –

prosecuted rapistprosecuted rapist

ComparisonComparison

Sleeping VenusSleeping Venus

PortraitsPortraits

Many baroque artists Many baroque artists painted portraits for painted portraits for royalty and the royalty and the wealthy.wealthy.

Velazquez’s Velazquez’s Las Las MeninasMeninas is a famous is a famous example.example.

Rated by Art Historians as “best painting in the world.”

Painting includes paintings by Rubens

Johannes VermeerJohannes Vermeer (1632-1675) (1632-1675)

Wealthy Dutch merchants Wealthy Dutch merchants were still very religious but were still very religious but certainly were not inclined to certainly were not inclined to give their money to the give their money to the Catholic church.Catholic church.

Use their wealth to enrich Use their wealth to enrich their surroundings. their surroundings.

This trend was subtly This trend was subtly recognized in Vermeer’s art.recognized in Vermeer’s art.

Girl with the Pearl Earring (1665)

Woman with Woman with a balance a balance (Vermeer)(Vermeer)

Sometimes Sometimes art was used art was used to teach a to teach a moral lesson.moral lesson.

What is the What is the lesson here?lesson here?

Rembrandt – ProtestantRembrandt – Protestant

RembrandtRembrandt

How does this painting depict the art an culture of its day (past AP Euro question)?

Peter Paul Rubans– “fleshy” Peter Paul Rubans– “fleshy” subjects – especially women!)subjects – especially women!)

The Three The Three Graces (1635)Graces (1635)

French Baroque (Begins French Baroque (Begins “Neoclassical Era in Art History)“Neoclassical Era in Art History)

PoussinPoussin

French BaroqueFrench Baroque

French baroque French baroque painting included many painting included many “natural” landscapes, “natural” landscapes, but the only thing you but the only thing you should care about here should care about here is Louis XIV building of is Louis XIV building of Versailles.Versailles.