Atomic Mass/Percent Composition
Average of Isotopes
Every element typically exists in several isotope forms
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
The mass recorded on the periodic table is a weighted average of all the naturally occurring isotopes of the element
Mass Spectometer
Instrument used to measure the mass of components of a substance
Example
Chlorine is found in two isotope forms. One has a mass of 34.97 amu, the other a mass of 36.97 amu. The first makes up 75.5% of the sample. What is the average atomic mass of the chlorine?
Percent Composition
In a compound, each element has constant percent of each element by mass (law of definite composition)
What is the percent composition of each element in the compound C10H14O?
Example
What is the mass of carbon in 2.86g of CO2?
What is the mass of hydrogen in 1.85g of water?
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