ATMOSFERSKA KEMIJADio slika je iz kolegija koji je prošle godine vodio prof. Udo Frieß, Institut za fiziku okoliša Ruprecht-Karls Sveučilišta u Heidelbergu.
N2O
NO2
NO2 pollution levels in Europe, from January 2003 to June 2004.
Claude Monet, 1900
Great London smog of 1952
Inversion
Smoke rising in Lochcarron is stopped by an overlying layer of warmer air.
Katabatic wind
James Lovelock
Dichlorodifluoromethane, CFC-12, Freon 12
Trichlorofluoromethane, CFC-11, Freon 11
Nitrous oxide
++
++
Formation of Hydroxyl Radicals
Formation of Hydroxyl Radicals
Ozone: O3
Ozone: O3
Molecular
Oxygen: O2
Molecular
Oxygen: O2
Excited Oxygen Atom: O(1D)
Excited Oxygen Atom: O(1D)
Water Vapor:
H2O
Water Vapor:
H2OHydroxy
l Radical:
OH
Hydroxyl
Radical: OH
Hydroxyl
Radical: OH
Hydroxyl
Radical: OH
•Add NaCl particles to chamber
•Add humid air to a relative humidity above NaCl deliquescence point
•Add NaCl particles to chamber
•Add humid air to a relative humidity above NaCl deliquescence point
CEMMC
T
water regulated temperature
control
CPC
DMA
gas inlet
P, T, %RH
560L Stainless Steel and Aluminum Chamber
FTIR
Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS)
Aerosol Generation and Measurement
Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spec (API-MS)
Spectrometer
Q1 Q3
Xelamp
photolysis lamps
Spectrometer
Aerosol Chamber
(Top View)
Aerosol Chamber
(Top View)
•Add ozone•Photolyze at 254 nm (generate OH radicals)•Measure gaseous reactants and products using FTIR, DOAS, and API-MS.
•Add ozone•Photolyze at 254 nm (generate OH radicals)•Measure gaseous reactants and products using FTIR, DOAS, and API-MS.
Aerosol interfacial chemistryAerosol interfacial chemistry
Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts
UC Irvine, 1997
Slide by Eladio Knipping
O3 , H2O2O3 , H2O2 OHOH
O3 , H2O2O3 , H2O2
OH + Cl– OH + Cl–
Known Aqueous
Phase Chemistry
Known Aqueous
Phase Chemistry
Cl2Cl2 Cl2Cl2
Potential Surface Reactions
Potential Surface Reactions
OH•Cl–
+ OH•Cl–
OH•Cl–
+ OH•Cl–
Cl– Cl– OHOHO3O3
2 OH– 2 OH– Cl2Cl2
Proposed Mechanism for Cl2 ProductionProposed Mechanism for Cl2 Production
Knipping,, Lakin, Foster Jungwirth, Tobias, Gerber, Dabdub, Finlayson-Pitts, Science, April 2000IRVINE-PRAGUE-JERUSALEM collaboration
http://www.met.tamu.edu/class/ATMO689-GS/
ATMO 689: Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry Fall 2007
Instructor: Dr. Gunnar Schade1 Definitions; Review of periodic table and electron configurations
2 Radiation and spectroscopy review; O2 and O3 photolysis
3 Kinetics; Basic atmo-chemistry reactions: CO, CH4, O3, NOy, HOx, lifetimes
4 Atmospheric CO, CH4, and NOx budgets
5 NOx and HOx cycling in the troposphere
6 Analytical instrumentation for basic air quality measurements; mid term exam
7 Review of Organic Chemistry
8 Tropospheric hydrocarbon chemistry
9 Photochemical ozone pollution; NOy-chemistry
10 Tropospheric sulfur chemistry, atmospheric sulfur cycle
11 Atmospheric aerosols I
12 Atmospheric Aerosols II; Stratospheric Chemistry I
13 Stratospheric Chemistry II
14 Special Topic and Review
15 Review and final exam
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