1
ASTP Site Visit – Leuven 11/10/2008
Case study and testimony
Bart De MoorESAT-SCD Katholieke Universiteit [email protected] www.esat.kuleuven/be/~demoor
2
Contents
Where are we ?
From research to spinoff
Environment and networks
Afterthoughts
3
• Founded 1425
• 3 groups (Humanities, S&T, Biomedical), 12 Faculties
• People• Academic staff: 1400 professors, 4000 researchers• Administrative and technical staff: 2750 • Students: 33.000 (3.700 international students)
• Total budget: 1.3 billion euro
• University Hospital, Personnel: 8100
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
4
1985 :38 European long-estbablishedmultidisciplinary universities
2002:12 European
research-intensive
universities
5
H u m a nit ies
F a cu lty o f A gr icu ltu ra l a nd A pp lied
B io lo g ica l S c ie nces
C h em ica lE ng in ee ring
C o m p uterS c ien ce
C iv ilE ng in ee ring
M eta llu rgy andM ate ria ls E n g.
M echa n ica lE ng in ee ring
A rch itec tu re , U rba n a ndR eg ion a l P lan n ing
E L E C T A M IC A S P S I S C D
T E L E M IC
E lec tr ica lE ng in ee ring
F a cu ltyo f E ng in ee ring
F a cu ltyo f S c ie nces
P o sit ive S c ie nces B iom ed ica l S cie nces
K .U .Leu ven
6
Andre BarbeComplex Systems,Fractals
Bart De MoorIdentification, Control,Datamining, bioi, QIT
Marc MoonenDSP forTelecommunications
Jan EngelenDocumentArchitectures
Bart PreneelCryptologyInformation Security
Sabine Van HuffelLinear Algebra, BiomedicalData Processing
Johan SuykensSVM, Neural Nets
Ingrid VerbauwhedeArchitectures/DesignMethods
Yves MoreauBioinformatics
Vincent RijmenCryptography
Moritz DiehlOptimisation
Joos VandewalleNeural Nets, Circuits
& Systems, Cryptography
Lieven De Lathauwer(KULAK)Multilinear Algebra
Kathleen Marchal(BIW)Bioinformatics
Bart MotmansProject Coordinator
Ida Tassens, Pela Noe, Jacqueline DebruynSecretary
Ilse Pardon, Elvira Wouters, Veerle DuchateauAccountant
7
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Jan
-90
Jan
-91
Jan
-92
Jan
-93
Jan
-94
Jan
-95
Jan
-96
Jan
-97
Jan
-98
Jan
-99
Jan
-00
Jan
-01
Jan
-02
Jan
-03
Jan
-04
Jan
-05
Jan
-06
Jan
-07
SP phdSP postdocSC phd
SC postdocQIT phdQIT postdocBiomed phdBiomed postdocBioi phd
Bioi postdocZAP
8
9
Funding
Basic
Research
Strategic
Valorisation
BOF
IOF FP6/7
SME
Hercules
10
Valorisation/Industrial/Services
Strategical research
Basic Research
GOA-MEFISTOGOA-AMBioRICSIDO-Gen.Netw.EF-SymBioSysEF-OPTEC
Soft4SMcKnow-EBioScopeIT
K.U.Leuven Flanders Belgium Europe
VitaminD,Clin. ProteomicsEndometriosisFun. GenomicsRob. StatisticsSwine-AgingSubfunctSVMGlycemia I, IINetw. InferenceMicro-arrays I,II,IIIOntologiesId.Nonlinear/HighFreqKernel Based MethodsQuantumAlgo’sSysId/CryptoQuantumInformEnergy IslandsAdv. Num.MethodsMultilin SVD
PROMETASpin Offs:IPCOS (ISMC), TMLeuven, Norkom (DATA4S), SILICOS, Dsquare, Cartagenia, ICMS (spin-in)Contract research:Monsanto, Electrabel, ELIA, Mastercard, Bauknecht
GBOU-McKnowGBOU-SQUADSTWW-GenPromSBO-MOKASBO-BioFrameTBM-EndometriosisITEA-FliteITEA-Flite+
PODO-Traffic Mgmt I, IIIAP-P4-Mod, Id, ControlIAP-P5-Dyn.SystemsIAP-P6-DyscoIAP-P6-BioMAGNet
EC-FP6, FP7:Quantum Info SystemsCAGEStrokemapBioPatternBioptrain
All bdm projects
IOF-Scores4Chem
11
0
1.000.000
2.000.000
3.000.000
4.000.000
5.000.000
6.000.000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Omzet 2005-2009
DIVERSENEU
IWT
DWTC
FWO
12
5.270
3.2415.587
4.594123
K.U.LeuvenFWOIWTBELSPOIndustrial
Projects BDM: SCD funding (2002-2008) (k€)
All bdm projects; only project budgets are shown;no person-related grants, no income from spin-offs
13
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
Journal Paper (with IF)Conference Proc.
Publish or perish
14
15
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 20072,698 2,257 2,257 2,401 2,15 29,6 7,323 18.316 10,382 22,355 22,672 13,5971,402 2,257 2,257 2,196 2,081 13,251 7,323 12.016 7,26 14,742 13,598 12,6291,402 1,545 1,545 2,196 1,873 13,251 7,051 8.160 7,172 7,26 7,172 6,3171,402 1,402 1,368 2,196 1,851 6,668 4,615 7.035 6,318 7,172 5,634 6,1771,368 1,402 1,178 2,106 1,566 6,373 4,615 6.701 5,959 5,881 5,634 4,8940,874 1,402 0,816 2,106 1,203 3,688 3,561 6.701 5,742 5,881 5,087 3,9930,856 1,402 0,816 1,643 1,182 3,437 3,456 6.701 5,742 5,808 4,967 3,7690,816 1,017 0,773 1,643 1,182 3,421 2,986 6.575 5,742 5,742 4,894 3,7690,816 0,874 0,773 1,475 1,182 2,81 2,986 6.575 5,742 5,742 4,894 3,7690,816 0,856 0,773 1,405 1,096 2,81 2,986 6.495 5,436 5,623 4,693 3,6260,816 0,773 0,742 0,877 0,996 2,81 2,986 6.225 3,843 5,423 3,993 3,6170,773 0,773 0,739 0,877 0,866 2,81 2,784 5.634 3,843 4,824 3,769 3,2770,773 0,773 0,588 0,877 0,845 2,43 2,387 4.825 3,742 4,335 3,769 2,8250,739 0,773 0,482 0,729 0,805 2,43 2,387 3.333 3,57 3,468 3,626 2,7720,508 0,773 0,412 0,729 0,685 2,332 2,387 2.589 3,468 3,365 3,617 2,620,508 0,773 0,412 0,729 0,685 1,479 2,313 2.589 3,365 3,365 3,617 2,450,482 0,741 0,286 0,702 0,685 1,466 2,222 2.589 3,302 3,365 3,047 2,3020,482 0,739 0,663 0,675 1,453 2,211 2.589 3,258 2,902 3,047 2,2880,482 0,739 0,658 0,654 1,449 2,095 2.589 3,25 2,902 3,047 2,2880,482 0,508 0,597 0,595 1,431 1,806 2.518 3,034 2,902 2,772 2,2880,466 0,508 0,597 0,595 1,268 1,806 2.448 2,902 2,902 2,772 2,2730,448 0,482 0,405 0,531 1,268 1,806 2.448 2,902 2,751 2,654 2,2730,286 0,444 0,295 0,5 1,222 1,806 2.245 2,902 2,588 2,319 2,076
0,392 0,209 0,491 0,97 1,717 2.084 2,511 2,538 2,315 2,0760,392 0,209 0,491 0,838 1,553 1.973 2,461 2,461 2,302 2
0,25 0,455 0,838 1,553 1.973 2,461 2,449 2,288 1,9380,084 0,367 0,756 1,441 1.967 2,385 2,368 2,288 1,8580,042 0,339 0,627 1,404 1.896 2,302 2,288 2,288 1,634
0,305 0,533 1,274 1.774 2,245 2,288 2,288 1,570,275 0,514 1,203 1.665 2,167 2,288 2,243 1,57
0,488 1,203 1.665 2,052 2,288 2,126 1,570,488 1,159 1.458 2,029 2,167 2,126 1,570,488 1,159 1.458 1,815 2,167 2,068 1,570,488 1,144 1.458 1,803 2,167 1,798 1,570,484 1,144 1.458 1,803 2,126 1,758 1,570,484 0,861 1.417 1,755 1,894 1,683 1,4690,468 0,681 1.206 1,651 1,815 1,683 1,3660,438 0,62 1.014 1,649 1,815 1,57 1,3120,415 0,62 1.014 1,504 1,755 1,57 1,2080,398 0,458 0,946 1,504 1,755 1,57 1,108
0,417 0,946 1,455 1,755 1,57 0,8660,415 0,93 1,455 1,755 1,57 0,7630,317 0,885 1,455 1,755 1,57 0,7220,282 0,829 1,32 1,755 1,57 0,6840,282 0,725 1,24 1,736 1,57 0,6780,176 0,656 1,143 1,649 1,546 0,669
0,634 1,124 1,649 1,469 0,669biomed QIT 0,569 1,078 1,649 1,469 0,669
0,569 1,07 1,545 1,438 0,669SP bio-i 0,569 1,024 1,545 1,208 0,624
0,569 1,022 1,545 1,16 0,585S&C 0,569 1,022 1,504 0,97 0,463
0,426 1,011 1,419 0,928 0,4630,426 0,995 1,419 0,866 0,4630,416 0,933 1,419 0,86 0,3110,276 0,933 1,419 0,843 0,293
0,754 1,295 0,797 0,2930,727 1,022 0,7590,727 0,995 0,6860,727 0,96 0,6780,727 0,933 0,6690,676 0,866 0,6690,592 0,821 0,6690,592 0,782 0,6080,592 0,782 0,4790,592 0,727 0,4630,583 0,727 0,4630,583 0,727 0,4630,583 0,657 0,4630,583 0,657 0,4630,583 0,657 0,3620,562 0,641 0,3120,557 0,6410,539 0,6410,501 0,6050,501 0,5920,501 0,5920,486 0,592
0,39 0,5920,36 0,583
0,236 0,5830,5150,5110,4860,4460,143
Impact factors : pushing for quality
16
Contents
Where are we ?
From research to spinoff
Environment and networks
Afterthoughts
17
Systems and control
Research and spinoffs
Datamining
Systems BiologyBioinformatics
19
20
SMC
Traffic modelling andcontrol
Model Predictive ControlSatellite controlPAST FUTURE
Y(t)
Controlhorizon
Y(t)^
Yd(t)
^
MODEL
Y(t)U(t)
MV CV
U(t)
Identification and prediction of time series (stock exchange, physicalphenomena, …)
21
Optimized Grade Change Trajectory
GRADE B
GRADE AOff-spec
GRADE B
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Histograms
No control
Quasi steady
controlFast dynam
iccontrol
900
901
902
903
900
901
902
903
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
900
901902
903
No control, Quasi steady state and fast control100
23
Short Duration
Long Duration
High Frequency
International Same Destination
Off Peak
Call Forwarding
Behaviour Change
Direct call selling X X X X PABX fraud X X X X X Freephone fraud X X X X Premium rate fraud X X X X Subscription fraud X Handset theft X X X X X
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1:00
2:00
3:00
4:00
5:00
6:00
7:00
8:00
9:00
10:00
11:00
12:00
13:00
14:00
15:00
16:00
17:00
18:00
19:00
20:00
21:00
22:00
23:00
Voer
tuig
en p
er m
inuu
t
Zaterdag Zondag Maandag Dinsdag Woensdag Donderdag Vrijdag
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
0 50 100 150 200 250
dichtheid [voertuigen/km weg]d
eb
iet
[vo
ert
uig
en
/uu
r]
Call frequency
Average call durationTime Team Action Player Position
0:00:00 1 Kick Off 9 (50,30)0:00:01 1 Has Ball 10 (49,29)0:00:04 1 Has Ball 8 (45,31)
,,,
,,,
,,,
,,,
,,,
0:12:25 1 Ball Out 6 (0,57)0:12:46 2 Corner 3 (0,60)0:12:47 2 Has Ball 4 (4,29)0:12:49 2 Goal 4 (0,29)0:13:38 1 Kick Off 10 (50,30)
,,,
,,,
,,,
,,,
,,,
25
• Human genome project– Initial draft: June 2000– Final draft: April 2003– 13 year project– $300 million value
with 2002 technology• Personal genome
– June 1, 2007– Genome of James Watson, co-
discoverer of DNA double helix, is sequenced
• $1.000.000• Two months
• €1000-genome– Expected 2012-2020
1,00E-07
1,00E-061,00E-05
1,00E-04
1,00E-03
1,00E-021,00E-01
1,00E+00
1,00E+01
1,00E+021,00E+03
1,00E+04
1,00E+051,00E+06
1,00E+07
1,00E+08
1,00E+091,00E+10
1,00E+11
1990 1995 2000 2002 2005 2007 2010 2015
Cost per base pair
Genome cost
Year Cost per base pair Genome cost
1990 10 3E+10
1995 1 3.000.000.000
2000 0.2 600.000.000
2002 0.09 270.000.000
2005 0.03 90.000.000
2007 0.000333333 1.000.000
2010 3.33333E-06 10000
2015 0.0000001 300
Making Sense of the 1000$ Genome
26
Test
Ref.
High
Low
Low High
High
High
Low Low
27
Data matrix
Hidden pattern
Find the pattern
Pattern validation
28
© Armstrong SA et al. Nat Genet. 2002 Jan;30(1):41-7.
PCA
12 600 genes 72 patients:
- 28 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)- 24 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)- 20 Mixed Linkage Leukemia (MLL)
3 patients for each class used as test set
29
Context: biomedical/biological research: 4M
Biological question& model
High-throughputtechnology
Computers& databases
Mathematicalmodels
Biological problem
Experiment design
Biological data
Data analysis
Biological validation
Improved method
New biology
Models: used to formulate hypotheses; Manipulate: experiment design to generate data; wet lab; clinical; Measure: technology boosts number of data; Mine: (in-)validate biological hypotheses;
30
Trends in bio
# Genetic data
Complexity
Price pbp
Interpretability
Analysis bottleneck
31
Context: Dynamics in bio-science fields
32
Context: integration of heterogeneous data sources
Candidategenes
?Information sources
Candidate prioritization
Validation
• Bayesian inference• Kernel methods
• Component models• Simultaneous optim.
Wetlab data validation
-omics data generation
33
Context: A wealth of potential applications
- Areas: food, health, farma, agro, environment, sustainability
- Examples:
- Science: biological systems understanding - Health: disease management - Farma: in silico drugs discovery – customized medicine - Food/health: nutraceuticals – functional food - Safety: biofilms, infectious disease management (bird flu, malaria,..)- Environment: microbial ecology - Energy: biofuels - Ecology: protected area conservation, integrated forest management- Agro: novel crop design- ….
34
Systems and control
Research and spinoffs
Datamining
Systems BiologyBioinformatics
35
(previously ISMC - Intelligent System Modeling and Control) is an engineering company that offers products and engineering services in advanced process control for the chemical, glass, power and oil industry. The company offers complete solutions for an optimal plant performance. www.ipcos.be
In November 2004, Norkom Technologies acquired all Data4s shares. Norkom Technologies is a European leader in Risk Management and Compliance software to detect and combat different types of financial crime for the Retail Banking, Insurance and Investment Banking sector. Based on Norkom's award winning technology platform, Alchemist(tm), application areas include anti money laundering, cheque and debit/credit card fraud, identity theft, and the illegal transfer of funds to named individuals and organisations. www.norkom.com
Silicos is a chemo-informatics-based biotechnology company empowering proprietary multi-target virtual screening technologies for the discovery of novel and high-quality lead compounds for the treatment of a large variety of diseases, such as cancer, infectious diseases, central nervous system and immunodeficiency diseases. www.silicos.com
Transport and Mobility Leuven develops advanced models and offers advice in the areas of transport economy, traffic analysis and management, strategic transport policies, new transport technologies, freight models and spatial development issues.www.tmleuven.be
36
Dsquare offers datamining solutions for the process and manufacturing industry with software products and services. Our mission:” Exploiting all availabledata sources to gain process insight, using top of class technology and people”. www.dsquare.be
Cartagenia will offer a collaborative lab web tool set, supporting genetic diagnostics in clinical practice & research, storage of patient and experiment data, search, reporting, data mining, visualization, intelligent diagnosis support, Genome Annotation and significantly increase lab workflow speed; Services and support will include Distributed Hosting, Secure Storage, Data Protection, Backup and Recovery Expertise and support in genetic analysis pipeline setup and management. www.cartagenia.com
Spin-in company: TT (text-mining technology) for shares. ICMS is a text-mining and information management, processing and retrieval company. www.icms.be
37
IPCOS (Belgium, Netherlands) 50
NORKOM (Belgium) 40
TML 10
SILICOS 5
DSQUARE 5
Total 2008 110
Direct employment
38
How to start up a start-up ?
Private partnersCash
Professor(s)PhDs/PostdocExternal people
Friends, family
UniversityCashIP - Inventors
Professor(s)Inventors
LRD Research division
VC/Seed MoneyCash
Gemma Frisius
Other Equity Funds
Start-up process and ingredients different for every start-up !
39
Contents
Where are we ?
From research to spinoff
Environment and networks
Afterthoughts
40
Environment Research climate @ university
- Major funding sources: IAP, GOA, CoE, Methusalem (?) - IOF- Networks: BioSCENTer
LRD- TTO- Spinoff tradition (I was part of the learning process) - Gemma Frisius - Entrepreneurial: University wide master course: ‘Initiatie tot ondernemen’
Leuven High-Tech Valley - Local networks: L.inc, DSP Valley, L-SEC, … - Interregional: ELAT,…
Flanders - Science policy: Budget growing since 1995 - Strategic Research Institutes: IMEC (nano), VIB (biotech), IBBT (broadband)- Competence poles: FMTC (Mechatronics), Flanders Drive, Flanders-Bio,…- role of IWT: spinoff kick-off projects (up to 65 % funding) - government seed-money/VC incentives
Belgium - ‘defiscalisation’-measures for R&D in companies
41
development of business plan protection and exploitation of intellectual property finding investors negotiation & legal support finding infrastructure management of growth of the spin-off company stimulating networking & clustering
IOF Industrial Research Fund A bridge between university and industry
Project types:- leverage platforms- knowledge building platforms
People:- industrial research fellows - evaluated every 5 years
42
Geography/logisticsPeople and talents
Innovation as a culture
governments
Flanders in action (VIA)
43
44
(groen=1°kwartiel groep 125 regio’s)
EU-25Gemidd.
Vlaanderen Baden-Würt positie t.o.v. 125
BBP/inw 21.738 25.405 26.691 32
werkgelegenheidsgraad (in %)64,90 60,1 75,2 85
werkloosheidsgraad(in %)9,00 5,4 7,1 32
arbeidsproductiviteit (in euro)49.896 64.202 52.984 10
arbeidseenheidkost (in euro)29.655 40.541 35.280 119
loonkost per eenheid product0,56 0,57 0,6 75
aandeel werkenden in (M)HT industrie en KI diensten
10 11,9 21,5 25
aandeel werkenden met hoger opleidingsniveau (in%)
29,2 35,5 26,6 10
aandeel levenslang leren (in %)8,6 9,8 8,5 26
aantal patentaanvragen per milj inwoners131 161 600 23
totale O&O uitgaven in %BBP1,8 2,08 3,88 21
aandeel werkenden in creatieve beroepen (in %)38 42,1 40,6 21
afhankelijkheidsratio64 66,3 63,3 78
45
Lissabon norm: R&D / GRP
0,69
0,56
0,57
0,77
0,80
1,03
0,81
0,40
0,75
0,68
0,86
0,89
0,00 0,20 0,40 0,60 0,80 1,00 1,20
EU25
BE
FL
DE
DK
FI
FR
IE
NL
UK
US
J P
1,26
1,33
1,52
1,75
1,84
2,45
1,34
0,77
1,01
1,30
1,91
2,65
0,00 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00 2,50 3,00
EU25
BE
FL
DE
DK
FI
FR
IE
NL
UK
US
J P
Public O&O spending in % GNP
1% 2%
Industry O&O spending in % GNP
600
800
1.000
1.200
1.400
1.600
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
jaar
miljo
en e
uro
Flanders O&O budget 1995-2006
46
Human potential
5,4
7,9
6,3
8,6
16,2
6,8
5,0
5,1
5,5
9,0
10,1
0,0 2,0 4,0 6,0 8,0 10,0 12,0 14,0 16,0 18,0
EU25
BE
DE
DK
FI
FR
IE
NL
UK
US
J P
12,2
11,0
8,4
12,5
22,2
24,2
7,3
21,0
10,9
13,2
0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 30,0
EU25
BE
DE
DK
FR
IE
NL
UK
US
J P
21,3
29,0
24,0
31,9
33,2
23,2
26,3
27,5
29,2
38,4
37,4
0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 30,0 35,0 40,0 45,0
EU25
BE
DE
DK
FI
FR
IE
NL
UK
US
J P
Researchers per 1000 employed (2003) Higher education / 100 25-64 year old (2003)
S&T masters / 1000 20-29 year old (2003)
47
Benchmarking entrepreneurship
7,6
14,0
6,7
15,6
11,0
8,2
1,7
14,7
7,4
11,2
12,7
0,0 2,0 4,0 6,0 8,0 10,0 12,0 14,0 16,0 18,0
EU25
BE
DE
DK
FI
FR
IE
NL
UK
US
J P
0,025
0,028
0,021
0,063
0,065
0,029
0,023
0,027
0,038
0,071
0,000 0,010 0,020 0,030 0,040 0,050 0,060 0,070 0,080
EU25
BE
DE
DK
FI
FR
IE
NL
UK
US
Broadband penetration (bb-lines / 100 people) (2003)
‘Early stage’ venture capital (% GNP) (2003)
22,3
35,1
70,3
47,6
94,5
36,1
11,9
53,8
30,0
53,6
92,6
0,0 10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 50,0 60,0 70,0 80,0 90,0 100,0
EU25
BE
DE
DK
FI
FR
IE
NL
UK
US
J P
17,8
7,4
14,7
13,4
20,6
20,4
29,9
18,8
21,0
26,9
22,7
0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 30,0 35,0
EU25
BE
DE
DK
FI
FR
IE
NL
UK
US
J P
Patents per mio people (2000) High-tech share in export (2003)
48
Benchmarking entrepreneurship
European paradox:
Research excellentS&T transfer insufficient
0,0
2,0
4,0
6,0
8,0
10,0
12,0
14,0
2001 2002 2004 2005
VL
BE
DU
FR
NL
UK
USA
Total Entrepreneurial Activity (GEM)
49
Financing entrepreneurship
EXPANSIEEARLY-STAGE
Laag risico
BUSINESS ANGEL
NETWORK
50.000- 100.000 Euro
VLAAMS INNOVATIEFONDS
100.000-500.000 Euro
ARKIMEDES
> 250.000 Euro
Hoog risico
WINWIN-LENING< 75.000
Euro
PRE-SEED SEED START-UP
MARKT
Seed money uniefs + research-instellingen
Gemma-Frisius (KUL) Baekelandt (UG) E-capital (IMEC)
50
Contents
Where are we ?
From research to spinoff
Environment and networks
Afterthoughts
51
Afterthoughts- Research group size matters in creating research driven start-up
- Law of large numbers (# entrepreneurs / # PhDs)- Critical mass for research impact and support
- Declining number of engineering students is a serious problem
- Underrepresentation of women in engineering is a brain waste worse than brain drain
- Correlation between / reinforcement of scientific quality (‘push’) and industrial oriented research (‘pull’)
- Entrepreneurial climate: we still have to do much better !! - Professors- Bachelor/masters- PhDs
-The start-up process is different for every start-up
-Slow growth of engineering companies not a problem per se
-Environment and networks important: university, local, regional, government
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