Designation:D1037−12
Standard
TestMethodsfor
EvaluatingPropertiesofWood-BaseFiberandParticle
PanelMaterials1
This
stan
dard
isissu
edunder
the
fixed
des
ignation
D1037;the
number
immed
iately
following
the
des
ignation
indicates
the
yea
rof
original
adoption
or,
intheca
seofrevision,theyea
roflast
revision.A
number
inparen
thes
esindicates
theyea
roflast
reap
pro
val.A
supersc
riptep
silon
(´)indicates
aned
itorial
chan
gesince
thelast
revision
orreap
pro
val.
This
standard
has
bee
nappro
ved
for
use
by
agen
cies
of
the
Dep
art
men
tof
Def
ense
.
INTRODUCTIO
N
The
test
methodsprese
nted
herein
hav
ebee
ndev
eloped
and
are
prese
nted
tose
rve
two
distinct
purp
ose
s.They
aredivided
into
two
parts.
Pa
rtA
.G
ener
al
Tes
tM
eth
od
sfo
rE
valu
ati
ng
the
Ba
sic
Pro
per
ties
of
Wo
od
-Ba
seF
iber
an
dP
art
icle
Pa
nel
Ma
teri
als
—PartA
isfo
ruse
inobtainingbas
icpro
perties
suitab
lefo
rco
mparisonstudieswith
other
materials
ofco
nstru
ction.Thes
erefined
test
methods
are
applica
ble
forthis
purp
ose
toall
materials
covered
by
Defi
nitionsD1554.
Pa
rtB
.A
ccep
tan
cea
nd
Sp
ecifi
cati
on
Tes
tM
eth
od
sfo
rH
ard
bo
ard
—PartB
isfo
rsp
ecifi
cuse
in
spec
ifica
tionsfo
rpro
curemen
tan
dac
ceptance
testingofhardboard.Thes
etest
methodsaregen
erally
employed
forthose
purp
ose
sin
theindustry.Byco
nfiningtheirintended
use
asindicated
,it
has
bee
n
possible
toac
hievead
equateprecisionofresu
ltsco
mbined
withec
onomyan
dsp
eedin
testing,which
aredes
irab
lefo
rsp
ecifi
cation
use
.
The
choice
betwee
na
particu
lar
test
method
and
its
altern
ative
should
be
mad
ewith
afu
ll
understan
dingoftheintended
purp
ose
ofea
ch,bec
ause
values
obtained
from
testsmay
,in
someca
ses,
differ.Ofthetest
methodsprese
ntedin
both
parts,so
mehav
ebee
nin
gen
erally
acce
pteduse
forman
y
yea
rs,so
mearemodifi
cationsan
drefinem
ents
ofpreviously
dev
eloped
test
methods,
and
someare
more
rece
ntdev
elopmen
ts.W
heretest
methodsaresu
itab
lefo
rmore
than
oneofthepurp
ose
s,they
aredelinea
ted
inPartA,butnotrepea
ted
inPartB.It
istheintentthat
reference
totheap
pro
priate
section
ofthetest
method
shallsu
fficein
spec
ifica
tionsdev
eloped
forthedifferentmaterials.
1.Scope
1.1
Pa
rtA
—G
ener
al
Tes
tM
eth
od
sfo
rE
valu
ati
ng
the
Ba
sic
Pro
per
ties
of
Wo
od
-Ba
seF
iber
an
dP
art
icle
Pa
nel
Ma
teri
als
.
Thes
etest
methodsco
ver
thedeterminationofthepro
perties
of
wood-b
asefiber
andparticlepan
elmaterials
that
arepro
duce
d
asmat-form
edpan
elssu
chas
particleb
oard,med
ium-d
ensity
fiberboard,hardboard,an
dorien
ted
strand
board.
Section
SignificanceandUse
3
Apparatus
4
TestSpecimens
5
MoistureContentandConditioningRequirements
6
AcceleratedAging
7
Size,PhysicalPropertiesandAppearanceofPanels
8
StaticBending
9
TensionParalleltoSurface
10
TensionPerpendiculartoSurface
11
CompressionParalleltoSurface
12
Faste
ne
rH
old
ing
Tests
:
LateralNailResistance
13
NailWithdrawal
14
Nail-HeadPull-Through
15
DirectScrewWithdrawal
16
Hardness
17
HardnessModulus
18
1Thes
etest
methods
are
under
the
jurisd
iction
ofASTM
Committee
D07
on
Woodan
darethedirec
tresp
onsibilityofSubco
mmitteeD07.03onPan
elPro
ducts.
Curren
ted
ition
appro
ved
May
1,
2012.
Publish
edJu
ne
2012.
Originally
appro
ved
in1949.Las
tprevioused
ition
appro
ved
in2006
asD1037–06a.
DOI:
10.1520/D
1037-1
2.
Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959.UnitedStates
1
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
Section
ShearinthePlaneofthePanel
19
Glue-LineShear(BlockType)
20
FallingBallImpact
21
AbrasionResistancebytheU.S.NavyWearTester
22
Mois
ture
Tests
:
WaterAbsorptionandThicknessSwelling
23
LinearExpansionwithChangeinMoistureContent
24
CuppingandTwisting
25
InterlaminarShear
26
EdgewiseShear
27
Compression-Shear
28
1.2
Pa
rtB
—A
ccep
tan
cea
nd
Sp
ecifi
cati
on
Tes
tM
eth
od
sfo
r
Ha
rdb
oa
rd.Themethodsfo
rPartB
pro
videtest
pro
ceduresfo
r
mea
suring
thefo
llowing
pro
perties
ofhardboard:
Section
Thickness
32
ModulusofRupture
33
TensionStrengthParalleltoSurface
34
TensionStrengthPerpendiculartoSurface
35
WaterAbsorptionandThicknessSwelling
36
MoistureContentandSpecificGravity
37
1.3
There
are
acce
pted
bas
ictest
pro
cedures
for
various
fundam
entalpro
perties
ofmaterials
that
may
beuse
dwithout
modifi
cation
forev
aluating
certain
pro
perties
ofwood-b
ased
fiber
and
particle
pan
elmaterials.Thes
etest
methods
are
included
else
where
inthe
An
nu
al
Bo
ok
of
AS
TM
Sta
nd
ard
s.
The
pertinen
tones
are
listed
inTab
le1.A
few
ofthe
test
methodsreference
darefo
rco
nstru
ction
wherethewood-b
ase
materials
often
areuse
d.
1.4
Thevalues
stated
ininch
-poundunitsareto
beregarded
asthe
stan
dard.The
SIeq
uivalen
tsare
appro
xim
ate
inman
y
case
s.1
in.=
25.4
mm,1
lbf=
4.45
N.
1.5
Th
isst
an
da
rdd
oes
no
tp
urp
ort
toa
dd
ress
all
of
the
safe
tyco
nce
rns,
ifa
ny,
ass
oci
ate
dw
ith
its
use
.It
isth
e
resp
on
sib
ilit
yo
fth
eu
ser
of
this
sta
nd
ard
toes
tab
lish
ap
pro
-
pri
ate
safe
tya
nd
hea
lth
pra
ctic
esa
nd
det
erm
ine
the
ap
pli
ca-
bil
ity
of
reg
ula
tory
lim
ita
tio
ns
pri
or
tou
se.
2.ReferencedDocuments
2.1
AS
TM
Sta
nd
ard
s:2
C273Tes
tM
ethod
forShea
rPro
perties
ofSan
dwich
Core
Materials
D143Tes
tM
ethodsfo
rSmallClear
Spec
imen
sofTim
ber
D905Tes
tM
ethod
for
Stren
gth
Pro
perties
of
Adhes
ive
Bondsin
Shea
rby
Compression
Load
ing
D1554Terminology
Relating
toW
ood-B
aseFiber
and
Par-
ticlePan
elM
aterials
D2395Tes
tM
ethods
for
Spec
ific
Gravity
of
Wood
and
Wood-B
ased
Materials
D2915Practice
forSam
pling
and
Data-Analysisfo
rStruc-
turalW
ood
and
Wood-B
ased
Pro
ducts
D3043Tes
tM
ethodsfo
rStructuralPan
elsin
Flexure
D3501Tes
tM
ethods
forW
ood-B
ased
StructuralPan
els
in
Compression
D4442Tes
tM
ethodsfo
rDirec
tM
oisture
ContentM
easu
re-
men
tofW
ood
and
Wood-B
aseM
aterials
E4Practices
forForceVerifi
cation
ofTes
ting
Mac
hines
E691Practice
forConducting
anIn
terlab
oratory
Study
to
DeterminethePrecision
ofaTes
tM
ethod
PARTA—GENERALTESTMETHODSFOR
EVALUATINGTHEBASIC
PROPERTIESOFWOOD-
BASEFIBERANDPARTICLEPANELMATERIALS
3.Significance
andUse
3.1
Thes
etest
methods
cover
small-sp
ecim
entests
for
wood-b
asefiber
and
particlepan
elmaterials
that
aremad
eto
pro
vide:
3.2
Datafo
rco
mparing
themec
han
ical
and
physica
lpro
p-
erties
ofvariousmaterials,
3.3
Datafo
rdetermining
theinfluen
ceon
thebas
icpro
per-
ties
ofsu
chfactors
asraw
materialan
dpro
cessing
variables,
post-treatmen
tsofpan
els,
and
environmen
talinfluen
ces,
and
3.4
Data
forman
ufacturing
control,
pro
duct
rese
arch
and
dev
elopmen
t,an
dsp
ecifi
cation
acce
ptance
.
2Forreference
dASTM
stan
dards,
visit
theASTM
web
site,www.astm.org
,or
contact
ASTM
Customer
Serviceat
serv
ice@
astm
.org
.For
Annual
Book
of
AST
M
Sta
ndard
svolumeinfo
rmation,referto
thestan
dard’s
Docu
men
tSummarypag
eon
theASTM
web
site.
TABLE1BasicTestProceduresforEvaluatingPropertiesof
WoodBase-FiberandParticlePanelMaterials
ASTM
Designation
TestMethodsfor
C177
Steady-StateHeat-FluxMeasurementsandThermalTransmission
PropertiesbyMeansoftheGuarded-Hot-PlateApparatus
A
C209
CellulosicFiberInsulatingBoard
A
C236
Steady-StateThermalPerformanceofBuildingAssembliesby
MeansoftheGuardedHotBox
A
C384
ImpedanceandAbsorptionofAcousticalMaterialsbytheImped-
anceTubeMethod
A
C423
SoundAbsorptionandSoundAbsorptionCoefficientsbytheRe-
verberationRoomMethod
A
D149
DielectricBreakdownVoltageandDielectricStrengthofSolidElec-
tricalInsulatingMaterialsatCommercialPowerFrequencies
B
D150
A-CLossCharacteristicsandPermittivity(DielectricConstant)of
SolidElectricalInsulatingMaterials
B
D257
D-CResistanceorConductanceofInsulatingMaterials
B
D495
High-Voltage,Low-Current,DryArcResistanceofSolidElectrical
Insulation
B
D1666
ConductingMachiningTestsofWoodandWood-BaseMaterials
C
D1761
MechanicalFastenersinWood
C
E72
ConductingStrengthTestsofPanelsforBuildingConstruction
D
E84
SurfaceBurningCharacteristicsofBuildingMaterials
D
E90
LaboratoryMeasurementofAirborneSoundTransmissionLossof
BuildingPartitions
A
E96
WaterVaporTransmissionofMaterials
A
E97
DirectionalReflectanceFactor,45-deg0-deg,ofOpaqueSpeci-
mensbyBroad-BandFilterReflectometry
E
E119
FireTestsofBuildingConstructionandMaterials
D
E136
BehaviorofMaterialsinaVerticalTubeFurnaceat750°C
D
E152
FireTestsofDoorAssemblies
D
E162
SurfaceFlammabilityofMaterialsUsingaRadiantHeatEnergy
Source
D
E661
PerformanceofWoodandWood-BasedFloorandRoofSheathing
UnderConcentratedStaticandImpactLoads
D
E662
SpecificOpticalDensityofSmokeGeneratedbySolidMaterials
D
E906
HeatandVisibleSmokeReleaseRatesforMaterialsandProd-
ucts
D
AA
nn
ualB
ook
of
AS
TM
Sta
ndard
s,Vol04.06.
BA
nn
ualB
ook
of
AS
TM
Sta
ndard
s,Vol10.01.
CA
nnua
lB
oo
ko
fA
ST
MS
tand
ard
s,Vol04.10.
DA
nnua
lB
oo
ko
fA
ST
MS
tand
ard
s,Vol04.07.
EA
nnualB
ook
of
AS
TM
Sta
nda
rds,Vol14.02.
D1037−12
2
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
3.5
Notallthetestsoutlined
inthes
etest
methodsmay
be
nec
essa
ryto
evaluatean
yparticu
larpan
elfo
ran
ysp
ecifi
eduse
.
Inea
chinstan
ce,therefore,it
willbe
nec
essa
ryto
determine
which
testssh
allbemad
e.
4.Apparatus
4.1
Tes
tin
gM
ach
ine—
For
strength
and
fasten
erholding
tests,
any
stan
dard
testing
mac
hine
(see
Note
1)ca
pab
leof
applying
and
mea
suring
the
load
with
anerro
rnotto
exce
ed
61.0
%sh
allbeuse
das
pro
vided
inPractices
E4.
NOTE1—
Some
testing
mac
hines
operated
atsp
eedsallowed
inthes
etest
pro
cedureswithoutpro
per
dam
pingdev
ices
orin
nee
dofad
justmen
tmay
yield
values
inerro
rbec
ause
of“follow-thro
ugh”dueto
mas
sinertia
effectsin
theweighingsy
stem
.Caremust
beex
ercise
din
these
lectionof
testing
mac
hines
sothat
values
obtained
from
test
arenotin
erro
rmore
than
theam
ountstipulated.
5.TestSpecimens
5.1
Thenumber
ofsp
ecim
ensto
bech
ose
nfo
rtest
and
the
method
of
their
selection
dep
end
on
the
purp
ose
of
the
particu
lartestsunder
consideration,so
that
nogen
eral
rule
can
be
given
toco
ver
all
instan
ces.
Itis
reco
mmen
ded
that
when
ever
possible,a
sufficientnumber
oftests
be
mad
eto
permit
statistica
ltrea
tmen
tofthetest
data(see
Note
2).
Inthe
evaluation
ofa
pan
elmaterial,
spec
imen
sfo
rtest
should
be
obtained
from
areprese
ntativenumber
ofpan
els.
Inpro
perties
reflec
tingdifference
sdueto
themac
hinedirec
tionofthepan
el,
spec
imen
sfrom
each
pan
elsh
allbese
lected
both
withthelong
dim
ensionparallelto
thelongdim
ensionofthepan
el,an
dwith
thelongdim
ensionperpen
dicularto
thelongdim
ensionofthe
pan
el.
NOTE
2—
Guidan
ceon
statistica
lsa
mpling
ispro
vided
inPractice
D2915.
6.Moisture
ContentandConditioningRequirem
ents
6.1
The
physica
lan
dmec
han
ical
pro
perties
of
building
pan
elsdep
end
on
themoisture
contentat
timeoftest.
6.2
Themoisture
conditioningse
lectionfo
rea
chtest
pro
ce-
dure
within
this
stan
dard
dep
ends
upon
the
purp
ose
of
the
particu
lartestsunder
consideration.All
spec
imen
swithin
each
test
sample
shallbeco
nditioned
asrequired
tomee
tthesp
ecifi
c
test
objectives
.
6.3
Thefo
llowingmoisture
conditioningregim
ensareco
m-
monly
employed
with
thetest
pro
ceduresofthis
stan
dard:
6.3.1
Dry
“A
sR
ecei
ved
”—
Spec
imen
sto
be
tested
“as
rece
ived
”sh
allbetested
withoutsu
pplemen
talco
nditioningto
alterthemoisture
content.
6.3.2
Dry
“C
on
dit
ion
ed”
—Spec
imen
sto
be
tested
air-dry
shallbeco
nditioned
toaco
nstan
tweightan
dmoisture
content
inaco
nditioningch
amber
maintained
atarelativehumidityof
65
65%
andatemperature
of68
66°F
(20
63°C
)(S
eeNote
3). N
OTE3—
This
conditioning
regim
ereprese
nts
aco
mmon
stan
dard
for
wood
and
wood-b
ased
materials.
6.3.3
Wa
ter
So
ake
d—
Spec
imen
sto
betested
intheso
aked
conditionsh
allbesu
bmerged
inwater
at68
62°F
(20
61°C
)
for24-h
(see
Note
4)before
thetest
andsh
allbetested
within
30
minutesupon
removal
from
thewater.
NOTE4—
When
itis
des
ired
toobtain
theeffect
ofco
mplete
saturation,
thesp
ecim
enssh
allbeso
aked
foralonger
period.
6.3.4
Acc
eler
ate
dA
gin
g—
Acc
elerated
agingcy
cles
shallbe
completed
per
Sec
tion
7ofthis
stan
dard.
6.3.5
Oth
er—
Other
conditioning
methodsthat
aredes
igned
tomee
tthetest
objectives
may
beem
ployed
pro
vided
that
they
areclea
rly
des
cribed
inthetest
report.
6.4
Spec
imen
ssh
allbe
subjected
tothe
conditioning
regi-
men
sof
section
6.3
after
they
hav
ebee
ncu
tto
the
final
dim
ensional
size
srequired
forthe
test
pro
cedureswithin
this
stan
dard.
6.5
When
water
soak
edco
nditioning
(sec
tion
6.3.3),
acce
l-
erated
agingco
nditioning(sec
tion6.3.4)orother
conditioning
method
isem
ployed
tosimulate
anap
plica
tion
moisture
exposu
re:
6.5.1
Thesa
mple
dim
ensionsan
dweights
shallbereco
rded
before
and
afterco
nditioning.Any
computed
pro
perties
shall
bereported
bas
eduponboth
thepre-conditioned
dim
ensionsor
weight,
orboth,an
dupon
thedim
ensionsorweight,
orboth,
afterthemoisture
conditioning
trea
tmen
t.
6.5.2
Iftheobjectiveis
toes
timatetherelativech
angein
a
pro
perty
dueto
themoisture
conditioningtrea
tmen
t,amatch
ed
setofmaterialsh
allbetested
inthedry
(sec
tion6.3.1
or6.3.2)
condition.Theco
nditioningtrea
tmen
tse
lected
forthematch
ed
setsh
allbebas
edupon
thetest
objectives
.
6.6
Foralltesting
within
this
stan
dard,themoisture
condi-
tioning
method
selected
and
resu
lting
test
sample
moisture
contents
shallbereported
.
7.AcceleratedAging
7.1
Sco
pe
an
dS
ign
ifica
nce
7.1.1
The
acce
lerated
aging
trea
tmen
tis
one
possible
con-
ditioning
trea
tmen
t(see
Sec
tion
6)
and
isuse
dto
obtain
a
mea
sure
oftheinheren
tab
ilityofamaterialto
withstan
dse
vere
exposu
reco
nditionsan
dmaintain
itsmec
han
ical
and
physica
l
pro
perties
.Appro
priate
spec
imen
ssh
allbe
prepared
and
sub-
jected
tothesixcy
cles
ofac
celeratedag
ingbefore
thepro
perty
isev
aluated
.The
cycling
exposu
reis
asimulated
condition
dev
eloped
toev
aluatehow
amaterialwillstan
dupunder
aging
conditions.
NOTE5—
All
ofthetestslisted
inthis
stan
dardmay
notberequired
for
any
spec
ific
inves
tigation
or
spec
ifica
tion.Static
ben
ding
(Sec
tion
9),
nail-holding
(Sec
tions13-1
5),
and
water
abso
rption
and
thicknes
ssw
ell-
ing
(Sec
tion
23)testsareusu
ally
sufficientto
evaluatetheresistan
ceofa
wood-b
asepan
elmaterialto
aging.In
someinstan
cesit
may
bedes
irab
leto
evaluate
the
effect
of
acce
lerated
aging
on
some
other
pro
perty,
including
pro
perties
outsidethesc
opeofthis
stan
dard.
7.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
s
7.2.1
Thetest
spec
imen
ssh
allbecu
tto
size
fortestingan
d
dim
ensions
orweightmea
sured,orboth,as
spec
ified
inthe
pertinen
tse
ctionsofthis
stan
dardbefore
beingsu
bjected
tothe
cyclic
exposu
relisted
inse
ction
7.3.W
hen
tests
involving
fasten
ersare
mad
e,the
fasten
erssh
allbe
driven
priorto
the
aging
exposu
re.Corrosion-res
istant
fasten
ers
shall
be
use
d
bec
ause
extrac
tives
or
other
materials
prese
ntwillco
rrode
ord
inary
stee
lfasten
ers.
7.3
Acc
eler
ate
dA
gin
gC
ycle
s
D1037−12
3
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
7.3.1
Subject
each
spec
imen
tosix
complete
cycles
of
acce
lerated
aging.
Ifthe
cycle
isto
be
bro
ken
,as
for
a
wee
ken
d,thebreak
shallbemad
eduring
thefree
zing
portion
ofthecy
cle.
Eac
hcy
clesh
allco
nsist
ofthefo
llowing:
7.3.2
Immersionin
water
at120
63°F
(49
62°C
)fo
r1h,
7.3.3
Exposu
reto
stea
man
dwater
vap
orat
200
65°F
(93
63°C
)fo
r3
h,
7.3.4
Freez
ing
at10
65°F
(-12
63°C
)fo
r20
h,
7.3.5
Hea
ting
at210
63°F
(99
62°C
)in
dry
airfo
r3
h,
7.3.6
Exposu
reag
ainto
stea
man
dwater
vap
orat
200
65°F
(93
63°C
)fo
r3
h,an
d
7.3.7
Hea
ting
indry
airat
210
63°F
(99
62°C
)fo
r18
h.
7.3.8
After
the
completion
of
the
six-cycle
acce
lerated
agingthesp
ecim
enssh
allbeco
nditioned
atatemperature
of68
66°F
(20
63°C
)an
darelativehumidity
of65
62%
forat
leas
t48
hbefore
testing.
7.4
Ha
nd
lin
ga
nd
Su
pp
ort
of
Sp
ecim
ens
Du
rin
gE
xpo
sure
7.4.1
The
spec
imen
ssh
allbe
supported
vertica
lly
inrack
s
during
acce
lerated
aging.One
exam
ple
issh
own
inFig.1.
Spec
imen
ssh
allfitin
therack
sloose
lywith
atleas
t1-in.(2
5
mm)
separation
betwee
nsp
ecim
ens
soas
tofree
lypermit
swelling
both
parallelan
dperpen
dicularto
the
plane
ofthe
pan
elof
the
spec
imen
.Rac
ks
shall
not
appreciab
lysh
ield
spec
imen
snorpreven
tdrainingafterso
aking.Further,when
in
the
tank
during
the
exposu
reto
stea
man
dwater
vap
or,
spec
imen
ssh
allbeplace
dso
that
jets
ofstea
man
dvap
orwill
noterodethesp
ecim
ens.
7.5
Ap
pa
ratu
s
7.5.1
Ta
nk
an
dC
on
tro
lsfo
rS
oa
kin
ga
nd
Ste
am
ing
:
7.5.1.1
Ta
nk
or
Va
t—A
tankorvat,su
chas
shownin
Fig.2,
shallbeuse
dto
conduct
theex
posu
reslisted
in7.3.2,7.3.3,an
d
7.3.6
oftheac
celerated
aging
test.A
unit
ofthesize
shown
is
adeq
uate
forsp
ecim
ensofthe
size
required
inthis
stan
dard.
Fortestsoflarg
erco
mponen
ts,unitsas
long
as9
ft(2
.7m)
hav
epro
ven
tobe
satisfac
tory.The
esse
ntial
features
ofthe
tank
areas
follows:
7.5.1.2
Corrosion-res
istantco
ntainer,bec
ause
ofex
trac
tives
dev
eloped
during
thes
ecy
cles
and
prese
nt
inwood-b
ase
materials,
7.5.1.3
Apipe
tothe
bottom
with
adiffu
ser
(perfo
rated
T-p
ipe),
7.5.1.4
Adrain,althoughfo
rlarg
ertanksapumphas
pro
ven
tobead
van
tageo
us,
and
7.5.1.5
Aloose
-fittingco
ver
that
willpermit
somestea
mto
esca
peduring
stea
man
dwater
vap
orphas
e.
7.5.1.6
Supportssh
allbepro
vided
inthebottom
ofthetank
tokee
pthesp
ecim
ensfrom
direc
tco
ntact
with
thewater.
7.5.1.7
The
tank
may
be
insu
lated
or
uninsu
lated;butif
insu
lated,the
cover
isto
be
left
open
during
the
stea
ming
portion
ofthe
cycle.
Hea
tloss
during
the
soak
ing
exposu
re
(7.3.2)requires
addition
ofhea
tby
stea
morthe
equivalen
t.
This
pro
vides
for
circulation
around
the
spec
imen
sbeing
soak
edan
daidsin
maintaining
the
des
ired
temperature
with
greater
uniform
ity.
Hea
tloss
duringtheex
posu
reto
stea
man
d
water
vap
or( 7
.3.3
and
7.3.6)along
with
the
esca
ping
stea
m
aidsin
pro
viding
adynam
icco
ndition.During
those
step
sthe
drain
should
be
open
topermit
conden
sate
todrain;oras
an
altern
ativemethod,thewater
level
inthetanksh
ould
beab
out
2in.(5
1mm)ab
ove
the
perfo
rated
pipes
sothat
the
stea
m
perco
latesthro
ugh
it.
7.5.2
Co
ntr
ols
an
dS
ou
rce
for
So
aki
ng
an
dS
tea
min
g—
A
suitab
leunit
forpro
viding
hea
tfo
rso
aking
and
exposu
reto
stea
man
dwater
vap
oris
showndiagrammatically
inFig.3.In
this
instan
ce,an
air-operated
dry
kiln
controller
pro
vides
the
temperature
controlrequired
foreither
the
soak
ing
exposu
re
( 7.3.2)orthe
exposu
reto
stea
man
dwater
vap
or(7
.3.3
and
7.3.6).
Inoperationfo
rtheso
akingex
posu
re(7
.3.2)thetankis
filled
tothe
des
ired
level
by
open
ing
valves
1an
d3,after
which
valve3
isclose
d.Theco
ntroller
isse
tat
120°F
(49°C
)
and
these
nso
ris
place
din
thewater
atmid-d
epth.Valve2
is
open
edan
dstea
mflowsinto
thewater
untildes
ired
tempera-
ture
isattained
and
air-operated
valve
close
s.Tem
perature
is
FIG.1SpecimensSupportedVerticallyin
Rack
D1037−12
4
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
maintained
automatically
byad
ditionofstea
mas
required
.For
theex
posu
resof7.3.3
and7.3.6,theco
ntroller
isse
tfo
r200°F
(93°C
)so
stea
mis
automatically
metered
tomaintain
that
temperature.Valve2
isad
justed
sothat
cycles
ofstea
m“o
n”
are
long
with
resp
ectto
stea
m“o
ff.”
This
system
requires
a
supply
ofco
mpressed
air.
7.5.2.1
An
elec
trically
controlled
valve
using
thermistor-
actuated
relayswillfu
nctionas
well.W
hen
stea
mis
notread
ily
available,asm
allboiler
canbeuse
das
aso
urce.
This
positive
system
ofoperation
and
controlhas
pro
ven
tobesa
tisfac
tory
and
requires
aminim
um
ofman
power
time.
7.5.3
Ove
n—
The
oven
forhea
ting
the
spec
imen
sat
210°F
(99°C
)sh
allbe
ofthe
positive
ven
tilating
type
ofsu
fficient
capac
ity
tomaintain
the
des
ired
temperature
and
remove
moisture
asfast
asit
isev
aporated.
7.6
Insp
ecti
on
of
Ma
teri
al
Du
rin
gC
ycli
cE
xpo
sure
7.6.1
The
test
spec
imen
ssh
all
be
freq
uen
tly
insp
ected
duringtheac
celeratedag
ingex
posu
refo
ran
ysignsofdelam
i-
nation
orother
disintegration.If
thereis
any
apparen
tdam
age
tothematerial,it
shallbedes
cribed
inthereport,as
wellas
the
cycleex
posu
rein
which
thedam
agebec
ameap
paren
t.
7.7
Tes
tin
ga
nd
Rep
ort
ing
7.7.1
Tes
tsfo
rtheap
pro
priatepro
perties
shallbeco
nducted
after
the
final
conditioning
period
( 7.3.8).
Calcu
lations
and
reported
resu
ltssh
allbebas
edonboth
theoriginal
dim
ensions
orweight,orboth,an
dthedim
ensionsorweight,orboth,after
theac
celerated
aging
trea
tmen
t.
8.Size,PhysicalProperties
andAppearance
ofPanels
8.1
Siz
eo
fF
inis
hed
Pa
nel
s
8.1.1
When
mea
suremen
tsoffinished
pan
elsare
required
,
thewidth
andlength
ofea
chfinished
pan
elsh
allbeobtained
by
mea
suring
thewidth
and
length
atea
chen
dan
dat
mid-len
gth
toan
accu
racy
of
60.3
%or
1⁄16
in.(2
mm),
whichev
eris
smaller.
8.2
Va
ria
tio
nin
Th
ickn
ess
8.2.1
Forthedeterminationofvariationsin
thicknes
s,sp
eci-
men
sat
leas
t6-in.
(152-m
m)
square
shall
be
use
d.
The
thicknes
sofea
chsp
ecim
ensh
allbe
mea
sured
atfive
points,
nea
rea
chco
rner
andnea
rthece
nter,an
dtheav
erag
ethicknes
s
andthevariationin
thicknes
snoted.Thes
emea
suremen
tssh
all
bemad
eto
anac
curacy
of0.001
in.(0
.025
mm).
FIG.2SketchofStainlessSteelTankforAcceleratedAgingSmallSpecimens
FIG.3Diagram
ofAir-OperatedControllerfor120°F
(49°C)Soakingand200°F
(93°C)Spraying
D1037−12
5
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
8.3
Sp
ecifi
cG
ravi
ty
8.3.1
When
spec
ificgravityofthefinished
pan
elis
required
,
spec
ificgravity
shallbetested
inac
cord
ance
with
Tes
tM
eth-
odsD2395M
ethodA
from
apan
elsp
ecim
enwithaminim
um
surfac
earea
of9
in.2
(58
cm2).
8.4
Mo
istu
reC
on
ten
t
8.4.1
Themoisture
contentsh
allbemea
suredin
acco
rdan
ce
with
Tes
tM
ethodsD4442
Method
Bfrom
apan
elsp
ecim
en
with
aminim
um
surfac
earea
of9
in.2
(58
cm2).
See
Note
6.
NOTE
6—
The
moisture
contentmay
be
determined
bas
edupon
the
“as-tested
”an
d“o
ven
-dry
”mas
sofsp
ecim
enstested
usingoneofthetest
pro
cedureslisted
within
this
stan
dard.
8.5
Su
rfa
ceF
inis
h
8.5.1
The
finish
of
both
surfac
essh
all
be
des
cribed
.A
photographofea
chsu
rfac
emay
betaken
tosh
ow
thetexture
of
the
pan
el.This
photograph
shallsh
ow
suitab
lenumbering
so
that
thebuilding
pan
elmay
bepro
perly
iden
tified
.
9.StaticBending
9.1
Sco
pe
9.1.1
Static
ben
ding
tests
shallbe
mad
eto
determine
the
flex
uralpro
perties
,su
chas
modulusofru
pture
and
apparen
t
modulusofelas
ticity.W
hen
required
,thestress
atpro
portional
limit
and
work
-to-m
axim
um
load
can
be
determined
.To
evaluatedirec
tional
pro
perties
,an
equal
number
ofsp
ecim
ens
shallbetested
withtheirlong-axis
parallelan
dperpen
dicularto
thelong-axis
ofthepan
el.
9.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
9.2.1
Eac
htest
spec
imen
shallbe3
61⁄32in.(7
66
1mm)
inwidth
ifthenominal
thicknes
sis
greater
than
1⁄4in.(6
mm),
and2
61⁄32in.(5
16
1mm)in
width
ifthenominal
thicknes
s
is1⁄4in.orless
(see
Note
7).
Thelength
ofea
chsp
ecim
ensh
all
be
2in.(5
1mm)plus
24
times
the
nominal
thicknes
s(see
Notes8
and
9).
Thewidth
and
length,ofea
chsp
ecim
ensh
all
bemea
suredto
anac
curacy
of
60.3
%.Thethicknes
sofea
ch
spec
imen
shallbemea
suredto
anac
curacy
of0.001in.(0
.025
mm).
NOTE
7—
Bas
edon
industry
practice,
OSB
istypically
tested
with
awidth
of
4.5
in.(114
mm)
inac
cord
ance
with
Tes
tM
ethods
D3043
Method
D.
NOTE8—
Incu
ttingsp
ecim
ensto
mee
tthelength
requirem
ents
of2in.
(51
mm)plus24
times
thenominal
thicknes
s,it
isnotintended
that
the
length
bech
anged
forsm
allvariationsin
thicknes
s.Rather
itis
thethought
that
the
nominal
thicknes
softhe
pan
elunder
test
should
be
use
dfo
rdetermining
thesp
ecim
enlength.
NOTE9—
Long-span
spec
imen
saredes
ired
fortestsin
ben
ding
sothat
theeffectsofdefl
ectionsdueto
shea
rdeform
ationswillbeminim
ized
and
the
values
ofmoduli
ofelas
ticity
obtained
from
the
ben
ding
tests
will
appro
xim
atethetruemoduli
ofthematerials.
9.3
Sp
an
an
dS
up
po
rts
9.3.1
Thesp
anfo
rea
chtest
shallbe24
times
thenominal
thicknes
s(d
epth)ofthesp
ecim
en(see
Note
10),
mea
sured
to
anac
curacy
of
61⁄16in.(2
mm).
Thesu
pportssh
allbesu
ch
that
noap
preciab
lecrush
ingofthesp
ecim
enwillocc
urat
thes
e
points
during
thetest.Thesu
pportseither
shallbero
unded
or
shallbebea
ring
platesthat
arepermitted
totilt
and
roll
asthe
spec
imen
defl
ects.
When
rounded
supports,
such
asthose
shown
inFig.4,are
use
d,the
radiusofthe
rounded
portion
shallbeat
leas
t11⁄2
times
thethicknes
softhematerialbeing
tested
.If
thematerialunder
test
dev
iatesfrom
aplane,
laterally
adjustab
lesu
pportssh
allbepro
vided
(see
Note
11).
NOTE10—
Estab
lish
men
tofasp
an-d
epth
ratio
isrequired
toallow
anac
curate
comparisonoftest
values
formaterials
ofdifferentthicknes
ses.
Itsh
ould
be
noted
that
the
span
isbas
edon
the
nominal
thicknes
softhe
material
and
itis
not
intended
that
the
span
sbe
chan
ged
for
small
variationsin
thicknes
s.N
OTE
11—
Laterally
adjustab
lesu
pports
may
be
nec
essa
ryfo
rthe
spec
imen
stested
intheso
aked
condition
bec
ause
ofwarping
ortw
isting
that
may
occ
urdueto
soak
ing.Details
oflaterallyad
justab
lesu
pportsmay
befo
und
inFig.1
ofTes
tM
ethodsD3043.
9.4
Pro
ced
ure
FIG.4StaticBendingTestAssembly
D1037−12
6
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
9.4.1
The
spec
imen
ssh
allbe
load
edat
the
centerofsp
an
withtheload
applied
tothetopsu
rfac
eofthesp
ecim
en,as
the
pro
duct
willbe
installed.If
the
pro
duct
can
be
installed
in
either
direc
tionthen
equal
number
ofsp
ecim
enssh
allbetested
face
-up
and
face
-down.
Tes
ting
shall
maintain
auniform
load
ingrate
thro
ugharo
unded
load
ingblock
assh
ownin
Fig.
4.Thebea
ringblock
ssh
allbeat
leas
t3in.(7
6mm)in
width.
Theradiusofthero
unded
portionoftheload
ingblock
shallbe
appro
xim
ately
equal
to11⁄2
times
the
thicknes
softhe
spec
i-
men
.
9.4.2
Forea
chsp
ecim
en,thech
arac
teran
dthese
quen
ceof
thefailure
shallbenoted,whether
ornottheinitialfailure
was
inco
mpression
ortension.See
Note
12.
NOTE12—
Photographsoftypical
failureswillbehelpfu
l.
9.5
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
9.5.1
Theload
shallbeap
plied
continuouslythro
ughoutthe
test
atauniform
rate
ofmotionofthemovab
lecrosshea
dofthe
testing
mac
hine
toac
hieve
anouterfiber
strain
rate
of0.005
in./in./min
(0.005mm/m
m/m
in)ca
lculatedin
acco
rdan
cewith
Eq
1.See
Notes
13-1
5.The
crosshea
dsp
eed,ad
justed
for
thicknes
s,sh
all
not
vary
by
more
than
650%
from
that
spec
ified
foragiven
test.Thesp
eedoftestingsh
allbereco
rded
on
thedatash
eet.
N5
zL2
6d
(1)
where:
N=
rate
ofmotion
ofmoving
hea
d,in./min
(mm/m
in),
z=
outerfiber
strain
rate,in./in./min
(mm/m
m/m
in),
L=
span
,in.(m
m),
and
d=
dep
th(thicknes
s)ofsp
ecim
en,in.(m
m).
NOTE13—
Thecrosshea
dsp
eedsh
allmea
nthefree
-running,orno-load
,crosshea
dsp
eed
fortesting
mac
hines
ofthe
mec
han
ical-d
rive
type,
and
theload
edcrosshea
dsp
eed
fortesting
mac
hines
ofthehydraulic-load
ing
type. N
OTE14—
Bas
edon
Eq
1,theca
lculated
rate
ofhea
ddes
centis:
0.12in./min(3mm/min)
for1⁄4in.(6mm)thickness,
0.24in./min(6mm/min)
for1⁄2in.(12mm)thickness,
0.36in./min(9mm/min)
for3⁄4in.(19mm)thickness,
0.48in./min(12mm/min)
for1in.(25mm)thickness.
NOTE
15—
Ifa
faster
test
spee
dis
des
ired
for
Quality
Assurance
purp
ose
s,theprinciplesofse
ction
8.5
ofTes
tM
ethodsD3043
should
be
followed
.
9.6
Lo
ad
-Defl
ecti
on
Mea
sure
men
ts
9.6.1
The
load
-defl
ection
data
shallbe
obtained
untilthe
max
imum
load
isac
hieved
.The
defl
ection
ofthe
spec
imen
shall
be
mea
sured
atthe
mid-span
point
by
mea
ns
of
an
indicating
dialgag
eorlinea
rvoltag
edifferential
tran
sduce
r
(LVDT)orlinea
rpotentiometer
(see
Note
16)attach
edto
the
bas
eofthetestingjig,withthedialplunger
inco
ntact
withthe
bottom
of
the
spec
imen
atthe
center.
This
arrangem
entis
shownin
Fig.4.Note
theload
anddefl
ectionat
firstfailure
and
atmax
imum
load
.Tak
eread
ingsofdefl
ection
atleas
tto
the
nea
rest
0.005
in.(0
.10
mm).
Fig.5
shows
atypical
load
-
defl
ection
curv
e.
NOTE16—
Therangeofstan
dard0.001-in.(0
.02-m
m)indicatingdialis
1in.(2
5mm).
The
totaldefl
ection
ofso
me
thicknes
sesofpan
elsmay
exce
ed1
in.
atfailure.
When
this
hap
pen
s,either
a2-in.
(50-m
m)
total-trav
elindicating
dialorasu
itab
le2:1
reducing
lever
inco
njunction
witha1-in.trav
eldialsh
ould
beuse
dso
that
max
imum
defl
ectionsca
nbe
obtained
.
9.7
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
9.7.1
The
modulu
sof
ruptu
re,
appare
nt
modulu
sof
elas
ticity,an
dwhen
required
,stress
atpro
portional
limit
and
work
-to-m
axim
um
load
shallbeca
lculated
forea
chsp
ecim
en
inac
cord
ance
with
thefo
llowing
equations:
Rb5
3P
maxL
2bd2
(2)
E5
L3
4bd3
∆P
∆y
(3)
Spl5
3P
plL
2bd2
(4)
Wm
l5
a
bdL
(5)
where:
a=
area
under
load
-defl
ection
curv
eto
max
imum
load
,
lbf·in.(N
·m),
b=
width
ofsp
ecim
enmea
sured
indry
condition,in.
(mm),
d=
thicknes
s(d
epth)
of
spec
imen
mea
sured
indry
condition,in.(m
m),
E=
apparen
tmodulusofelas
ticity,psi
(kPa),
L=
length
ofsp
an,in.(m
m),
∆P⁄∆
y=
slope
of
the
straight
line
portion
of
the
load
-
defl
ection
curv
e(see
Note
17),
lbf/in.(N
/mm),
Pm
ax
=max
imum
load
,lbf(N
),P
pl
=load
atpro
portional
limit
(see
Note
18),
lbf(N
),
MetricEquivalents
in.
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
mm
510
15
20
25
lb4
812
16
20
24
28
kg
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
910.8
12.6
FIG.5TypicalLoad-DeflectionCurveforStaticBendingTest
D1037−12
7
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
Rb
=modulusofru
pture,psi
(kPa),
Spl
=stress
atpro
portional
limit,psi
(kPa),an
dW
ml
=work
tomax
imum
load
,lbf·in./in.3
(N·m
m/m
m3).
NOTE
17—
Alinea
rregression
of
the
load
-defl
ection
curv
ebetwee
n10%
and
40%
of
Pm
ax
gen
erally
pro
duce
ssa
tisfac
tory
resu
lts
for
(∆P/∆
y).
NOTE
18—
Pplca
nbe
determined
atthe
pointon
the
load
-defl
ection
curv
ewheretheslopeofthetangen
tdev
iatesfrom
theslopeofthestraight
line(∆
P/∆
y)more
than
agiven
thresh
old
value.
Thethresh
old
valueca
nbees
tablish
edbas
edonstatistica
lan
dgraphical
methodsan
dex
perience
.Thevalueof10%
norm
ally
gives
agood
estimatebutit
dep
endson
the
calculation
pro
cedure,thetypean
dco
ndition
ofpro
duct.
9.7.2
Thereport
shallincludetheorien
tation
oftheface
of
thepan
elduringthetest
(fac
e-uporface
down),
thedes
cription
offailure,an
dtheca
lculatedpro
perties
forea
chsp
ecim
en.For
modulus
of
elas
ticity
and
stress
atpro
portional
limit
the
param
etersuse
din
calculationssh
allbereported
.
10.TensionParallelto
Surface
10.1
Sco
pe
10.1.1
Thetensiontest
parallelto
thesu
rfac
esh
allbemad
e
todetermine
the
tensile
strength
inthe
plane
of
the
pan
el.
When
required
,theax
ialstiffn
essormodulusofelas
ticity
can
be
determined
.To
evaluate
direc
tional
pro
perties
,an
equal
number
of
spec
imen
ssh
all
be
tested
with
their
long-axis
parallelan
dperpen
dicularto
the
long-axis
ofthe
pan
el.See
Note
19.
NOTE19—
When
thematerials
exce
ed1in.in
thicknes
s,crush
ingat
the
gripsduringtest
islikelyto
adverse
lyaffect
thetest
values
obtained
.It
isreco
mmen
ded
that
for
material
greater
than
1inch
inthicknes
s,the
materialbesa
wn
to1⁄2
in.(1
2mm)thicknes
s.Tes
tvalues
obtained
from
resa
wnsp
ecim
ensmay
beonly
appro
xim
ate,
bec
ause
strengthsofmaterial
nea
rthesu
rfac
emay
vary
from
theremainder.
10.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
10.2.1
Eac
htest
spec
imen
shallbe
prepared
assh
own
in
Fig.6.Thereduce
dse
ctionsh
allbecu
tto
thesize
shownwith
aban
dsa
w.The
minim
um
width
of
each
spec
imen
atthe
reduce
dse
ction
shallbemea
sured
toan
accu
racy
of
60.3
%.
Theco
rres
pondingthicknes
ssh
allbemea
suredto
anac
curacy
of0.001
in.(0
.025
mm).
10.3
Pro
ced
ure
10.3.1
The
spec
imen
shallbe
load
edusing
self-aligning,
self-tightening
gripsthat
distribute
the
force
even
lyover
the
grip
surfac
ean
ddo
notallow
slipping,with
gripping
surfac
es
atleas
t2-in.(5
0-m
m)sq
uare,
totran
smit
the
load
from
the
testing
mac
hine
tothe
spec
imen
.Fig.
7sh
ows
atypical
asse
mbly
forthetension
test
ofbuilding
pan
els.
10.3.2
Forea
chsp
ecim
en,thech
arac
teran
dloca
tionofthe
failure
shallbenoted.
10.4
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
10.4.1
The
load
shallbe
applied
continuously
thro
ughout
thetest
atauniform
rate
ofmotion
ofthemovab
lecrosshea
d
ofthetestingmac
hineof0.15in./min
(4mm/m
in)
650%
.See
Note
13.
10.5
Lo
ad
-Def
orm
ati
on
Mea
sure
men
ts
10.5.1
When
required
,obtain
load
-deform
ation
curv
es.To
mea
sure
the
deform
ation,
attach
anex
tenso
meter
or
other
suitab
ledev
iceover
thece
ntral
portionofthesp
ecim
en.Points
ofattach
men
t(g
agepoints)sh
allbewithin
thereduce
dse
ction
ofthesp
ecim
en.Rea
dthedeform
ationto
thenea
rest
0.0001in.
(0.0025
mm).
Choose
increm
ents
ofload
ing
sothat
notless
than
12
read
ingsareobtained
before
pro
portional
limit.
10.6
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
10.6.1
The
max
imum
tensile
stress
and,
when
required
,
modulusofelas
ticity
shallbeca
lculated
forea
chsp
ecim
enin
acco
rdan
cewith
thefo
llowing
equations:
Rt5
Pm
ax
bd
(6)
Et5
lg bd
∆P
∆y
(7)
where:
b=
width
ofthe
reduce
dcross-sec
tion
ofthe
spec
imen
mea
sured
indry
condition,in.(m
m),
d=
thicknes
softhesp
ecim
enmea
suredin
dry
condition,
in.(m
m),
Et
=modulus
of
elas
ticity
intension
parallel
tothe
surfac
eofthepan
el,psi
(MPa),
l g=
gag
elength
ordistance
betwee
nthe
gag
epoints
of
extenso
meter,in.(m
m),
∆P⁄∆
y=
slope
of
the
straight
line
portion
of
the
load
-
deform
ation
curv
e(see
Note
17),
lbf/in.(N
/mm),
Pm
ax
=max
imum
load
,lbf(N
),an
dR
t=
max
imum
tensile
stress,psi
(MPa).
MetricEquivalents
in.
1⁄4
111⁄4
11⁄2
223⁄4
310
mm
625.4
32
38
51
70
76
254
FIG.6DetailofSpecimenforTensionTestParallelto
Surface
D1037−12
8
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
10.6.2
Thereport
shallincludetheca
lculatedpro
perties
and
the
des
cription
offailure
forea
chsp
ecim
en.If
the
failure
is
within
1⁄2
in.(1
2mm)ofeither
grip,the
test
value
shallbe
disca
rded
.
11.TensionPerpendicularto
Surface
(InternalBond)
11.1
Sco
pe
11.1.1
Thetensiontest
perpen
dicularto
thesu
rfac
esh
allbe
mad
eto
determine
cohes
ion
of
the
pan
elin
the
direc
tion
perpen
dicularto
theplaneofthepan
el.
11.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
11.2.1
Thetest
spec
imen
shallbe2-in.(5
0-m
m)sq
uarean
d
thethicknes
ssh
allbethat
ofthefinished
pan
el.T
hedim
ensions
ofthesp
ecim
ensh
allbemea
sured
toan
accu
racy
of
60.3
%.
11.3
Pro
ced
ure
11.3.1
Load
ing
block
sof
stee
lor
aluminum
alloy
2-in.
(50-m
m)
square
and
1in.
(25
mm)
inthicknes
ssh
all
be
effectivelybonded
withasu
itab
lead
hes
ive(see
Note
20)to
the
squareface
softhesp
ecim
en.Theresu
lting
bond
shallex
ceed
theco
hes
ivestrength
ofthematerialperpen
dicularto
theplane
ofthepan
el.Fig.8sh
owsdetails
ofthesp
ecim
enan
dload
ing
fixtures.
Themax
imum
distance
from
thece
nteroftheuniver-
sal
joint
or
self-aligning
hea
dto
the
glued
surfac
eof
the
spec
imen
shallbe3
in.(7
6mm).
NOTE20—
Any
suitab
lead
hes
ivethat
pro
vides
anad
equatebond
may
beuse
dfo
rbondingthesp
ecim
ento
theload
ingblock
s.Epoxyresinsare
reco
mmen
ded
asa
satisfac
tory
bonding
agen
t.Other
resinssu
chas
hot
melt
cemen
tsor
water
bas
edad
hes
ives
may
be
use
dpro
vided
the
conditionsofgluingdonotsignifi
cantlyalterthemoisture
conditionofthe
spec
imen
.Thepressure
required
tobond
theblock
sto
thesp
ecim
enwill
dep
endontheden
sity
ofthepan
elan
dthead
hes
iveuse
d,an
dsh
ould
not
dam
agethesp
ecim
en.
11.3.2
Engag
ethe
load
ing
fixtures,
such
asare
shown
in
Fig.8,attach
edto
thehea
dsofthetesting
mac
hine,
with
the
block
sattach
edto
the
spec
imen
.Stres
sthe
spec
imen
by
separation
of
the
hea
ds
of
the
testing
mac
hine
untilfailure
occ
urs.Thedirec
tionofload
ingsh
allbeas
nea
rlyperpen
dicu-
larto
theface
softhesp
ecim
enas
possible,an
dthece
nterof
load
shallpas
sthro
ugh
thece
nterofthesp
ecim
en.
FIG.7AssemblyforTensionTestParallelto
Surface
MetricEquivalents
in.
1⁄4
5⁄16
3⁄8
7⁄16
1⁄2
3⁄4
11⁄4
19⁄16
221⁄16
29⁄16
mm
67.5
910.5
12.7
19
31.7
39
51
52
64.3
FIG.8DetailofSpecimenandLoadingFixture
forTensionTestPerpendicularto
Surface
D1037−12
9
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
11.4
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
11.4.1
The
load
shallbe
applied
continuously
thro
ughout
thetest
atauniform
rate
ofmotion
ofthemovab
lecrosshea
d
ofthe
testing
mac
hine
0.08
in./in.(cm/cm)ofthicknes
sper
min.It
isnotintended
that
thetesting
mac
hinesp
eed
shallbe
varied
for
small
difference
sin
pan
elthicknes
ssu
chas
an
embossed
surfac
e,butrather
that
itsh
allnotvary
more
than
650%
from
that
spec
ified
herein.See
Note
13.
11.5
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
11.5.1
The
intern
albond
ofea
chsp
ecim
ensh
allbe
calcu-
lated
inac
cord
ance
with
thefo
llowing
equation:
IB5
Pm
ax
ab
(8)
where:
a=
width
ofthesp
ecim
enmea
suredin
dry
condition,in.
(mm),
b=
length
ofthesp
ecim
enmea
suredin
dry
condition,in.
(mm),
Pm
ax
=max
imum
load
,lbf(N
),an
dIB
=intern
albond
strength,psi
(MPa).
11.5.2
Thereport
shallincludetheloca
tion
oftheplaneof
failure
such
asthe
face
/lay
erorthe
upper,middle
orlower
third.
Ifan
yof
the
spec
imen
sfails
due
tofailure
of
the
adhes
ive
bond
tothe
load
ing
block
,the
test
resu
ltof
that
spec
imen
shallbedisca
rded
.
12.CompressionParallelto
Surface
12.1
Sco
pe
12.1.1
Theco
mpression
test
parallelto
thesu
rfac
esh
allbe
mad
eto
determinetheco
mpressivestrength
intheplaneofthe
pan
el.
When
required
,the
axial
stiffn
ess
or
modulus
of
elas
ticity
andstress
atpro
portional
limit
canbedetermined
.To
evaluatedirec
tional
pro
perties
,an
equal
number
ofsp
ecim
ens
shallbetested
withtheirlong-axis
parallelan
dperpen
dicularto
thelong-axis
ofthepan
el.
12.2
Tes
tM
eth
od
s
12.2.1
Bec
ause
ofthelarg
evariation
inch
arac
terofwood-
bas
efiber
and
particle
pan
elmaterials
and
the
difference
sin
man
ufacturedthicknes
ses,
onemethodis
notap
plica
ble
forall
materials.Oneofthethreemethodsdetailedas
followssh
allbe
use
ddep
ending
on
the
charac
teran
dthicknes
softhe
pan
el
being
evaluated
:
12.2.2
Met
ho
dA
(La
min
ate
dS
pec
imen
),sh
allbe
use
dfo
r
materials
3⁄8
in.(1
0mm)ormore
butless
than
1in.(2
5mm)
innominal
thicknes
s,particu
larly
when
modulusofelas
ticity
and
stress
atpro
portional
limit
are
required
.Lam
inate
two
thicknes
ses
when
the
materialis
1⁄2
in.(1
3mm)orgreater
thicknes
s.Use
three
thicknes
sesfo
rmaterials
with
thicknes
s
less
than
1⁄2
in.(1
3mm).
The
nominal
size
ofthe
spec
imen
shall
be
1by
4in.(2
5by
102
mm)
by
the
thicknes
sas
laminated
.The4-in.(1
02-m
m)longdim
ensionsh
allbeparallel
totheap
plied
force.
12.2.3
Met
ho
dB
(La
tera
lS
up
po
rt),
shallbeuse
dfo
rmate-
rialsless
than
3⁄8
in.(1
0mm)in
thicknes
s,particu
larly
when
modulus
of
elas
ticity
and
stress
atpro
portional
limit
are
required
.Spec
imen
ssh
allbe1by4in.(2
5by102mm)bythe
thicknes
sas
man
ufactured
and
evaluationsmad
ein
asu
itab
le
lateralsu
pport
dev
ice.
The
4-in.(1
02-m
m)
long
dim
ension
shallbeparallelto
theap
plied
force.
12.2.4
Met
ho
dC
(Sh
ort
Co
lum
n),
shall
be
use
dwhen
max
imum
crush
ing
strength
only
isrequired
or
where
the
thicknes
softhepan
elmaterialis
1in.(2
5mm)ormore
and
either
max
imum
crush
ing
strength,modulusofelas
ticity,an
d
stress
atpro
portional
limit
oronly
max
imum
crush
ingstrength
isrequired
.W
hen
thematerialbeing
evaluated
is1
in.orless
inthicknes
s,thewidth
ofthesp
ecim
ensh
allbe1in.(2
5mm),
thethicknes
ssh
allbeas
man
ufactured,an
dthelength
(height
astested
)sh
allbefo
urtimes
thethicknes
s.W
hen
thematerial
being
evaluated
ismore
than
1in.(2
5mm)in
thicknes
s,the
width
shallbe
equal
tothe
nominal
thicknes
san
dthe
length
(heightas
load
ed)sh
allbefo
urtimes
thenominal
thicknes
s.
12.3
Tes
tS
pec
imen
12.3.1
The
test
spec
imen
ssh
all
be
carefu
lly
sawn
with
surfac
essm
ooth
and
planes
atrightan
glesto
theface
softhe
pan
elsas
man
ufactured.Forthelaminated
spec
imen
s(M
ethod
A),
piece
sofpan
elat
leas
t1
in.(2
5mm)larg
erin
length
and
width
than
the
finished
size
ofsp
ecim
ensh
allbe
laminated
using
thin
spread
sofep
oxy
resin
orother
adhes
ivethat
does
not
contain
water
or
other
swelling
agen
t(see
Note
21).
Bonding
pressures
shallnotex
ceed
50
psi
(345
kPa).Tes
t
spec
imen
ssh
allbe
sawn
from
the
laminated
piece
safterat
leas
t8
hof
curing
of
the
resin
atro
om
temperature.The
thicknes
ssh
allbe
mea
sured
toat
leas
tthe
nea
rest
0.001
in.
(0.025
mm).
The
width
shallbe
mea
sured
toan
accu
racy
of
60.3
%.
NOTE
21—
An
adhes
ive
that
contains
water
or
other
swelling
agen
tmightpro
duce
intern
alstresses
adjace
ntto
thegluelines
.
12.4
Met
ho
do
fL
oa
din
g
12.4.1
The
spec
imen
shallbe
load
edthro
ugh
asp
herical
load
ing
block
,preferably
ofthesu
spen
ded
self-aligning
type.
Thesp
ecim
ensh
allbece
nteredca
refu
llyin
thetestingmac
hine
ina
vertica
lplane
assh
own
inFig.9
forunsu
pported
4-in.
FIG.9AssemblyforCompressionParallelto
SurfaceTestofUn-
supportedSpecimen
D1037−12
10
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
(102-m
m)sp
ecim
enan
din
Fig.10fo
rlaterallysu
pported
pac
k
dev
ice.
See
Note
22.
NOTE
22—
The
lateralsu
pport
dev
ice
isdetailed
inFig.2
of
Tes
t
MethodsD3501.
12.5
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
12.5.1
The
load
shallbe
applied
continuously
thro
ughout
thetest
atauniform
rate
ofmotion
ofthemovab
lecrosshea
d
ofthetesting
mac
hineof0.005
in./in.(m
m/m
m)oflength
per
min.Spee
doftest
therefore
forthe4-in.sp
ecim
enofM
ethods
Aan
dB
shallbe0.02in./min
(0.5
mm/m
in.).See
Note
13.The
crosshea
dsp
eedsh
allnotvarybymore
than
650%
from
that
spec
ified
foragiven
test.
12.6
Lo
ad
-Def
orm
ati
on
Mea
sure
men
ts
12.6.1
When
required
,obtain
load
-deform
ation
curv
esfo
r
the
full
duration
ofea
chtest.Fig.9
showsa
Lam
b’s
Roller
Compressometer
onan
unsu
pported
spec
imen
.Fig.10sh
owsa
Marten’s
Mirro
rCompressometer
on
alaterally
supported
spec
imen
.Use
thes
eor
equally
accu
rate
instru
men
tsfo
r
mea
suring
deform
ation.Attac
hco
mpressometer
over
thece
n-
tral
portion
ofthe
length;points
ofattach
men
t(g
age
points)
shallbe
atleas
t1
in.(2
5mm)from
the
ends
ofsp
ecim
en.
Choose
increm
ents
inload
ingso
that
notless
than
12read
ings
areobtained
before
pro
portional
limit.Rea
ddeform
ationto
the
nea
rest
0.0001
in.(0
.0025
mm).
12.7
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
12.7.1
Theco
mpressivestrength
and,when
required
,modu-
lus
of
elas
ticity
and
stress
atpro
portional
limit
shall
be
calculated
inac
cord
ance
with
thefo
llowing
equations:
Rc5
Pm
ax
bd
(9)
E5
l g bd
∆P
∆y
(10)
Spl5
Ppl
bd
(11)
where:
b=
width
ofsp
ecim
enmea
sured
indry
condition,in.
(mm),
d=
thicknes
sofsp
ecim
enmea
suredin
dry
condition,in.
(mm),
Et
=modulus
of
elas
ticity
intension
parallel
tothe
surfac
eofthepan
el,psi
(MPa),
l g=
distance
betwee
nthegag
epoints
ofco
mpressometer,
in.(m
m),
∆P⁄∆
y=
slope
of
the
straight
line
portion
of
the
load
-
deform
ation
curv
e(see
Note
17),
lbf/in.(N
/mm),
Pm
ax
=max
imum
load
,lbf(N
),P
pl
=load
atpro
portional
limit
(see
Note
18),
lbf(N
),R
c=
compressivestrength,psi
(MPa),an
dS
pl
=stress
atpro
portional
limit,psi
(MPa).
12.7.2
The
report
shallindicate
which
method
(lam
inated
spec
imen
,lateralsu
pport,orsh
ort
column)was
use
dan
dthe
calculatedpro
perties
forea
chsp
ecim
en.Thetypeoffailure
of
each
spec
imen
shallbedetermined
and
included
inthereport.
13.LateralNailResistance
13.1
Sco
pe
13.1.1
Nail-holding
tests
shall
be
mad
eto
mea
sure
the
pan
el’s
resistan
ceto
lateralmovem
entofanailthro
ughapan
el
( Note
23).
Toev
aluatedirec
tional
pro
perties
,an
equal
number
ofsp
ecim
ens
shallbe
tested
with
the
movem
entofthe
nail
parallelan
dperpen
dicularto
thelong-axis
ofthepan
el.
NOTE23—
Ifthis
test
isperfo
rmed
on
somepan
els,
thenailmay
ben
dan
dpull
outofthe
stirru
p.If
this
hap
pen
s,the
max
imum
load
does
not
charac
terize
thetrueresistan
ceofthepan
elan
dthis
resu
ltsh
ould
benoted.
Inthes
esituations,
thenailmay
bereplace
dwith
aharden
edstee
ldowel
ofan
equivalen
tdiameter
toav
oid
nailben
ding
and
determine
the
true
resistan
ceofthepan
el.
NOTE24—
Values
obtained
from
this
test
aredep
enden
tonthethicknes
softhe
spec
imen
.Values
,howev
er,are
notdirec
tly
pro
portional
tothe
thicknes
s.Forthis
reas
on
values
obtained
from
testsofdifferentpan
els
can
only
beco
mpared
exac
tly
ifthethicknes
sesareeq
ual.
13.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
13.2.1
Thetest
spec
imen
shallbe3in.(7
6mm)in
width
and
of
conven
ient
length
with
the
thicknes
sof
the
pan
elas
man
ufactured.Thetest
fasten
er(see
Note
25)sh
allbedriven
at
therightan
gle
totheface
ofthepan
elso
that
aboutan
equal
length
ofnailpro
jectsfrom
each
face
.The
fasten
ersh
allbe
centered
on
thewidth
and
loca
ted
1⁄4
,3⁄8,
1⁄2,or
3⁄4
in.(6
,10,
13,or19mm)from
oneen
d(see
Note
26).
Tes
tssh
allbemad
e
for
all
four
edge
distance
sfo
rea
chmaterial
tested
.The
thicknes
sofea
chsp
ecim
ensh
allbemea
suredto
anac
curacy
of
60.3
%.
NOTE
25—
Asm
ooth
shan
ksix
pen
ny
(6d)co
mmon
wire
nailwith
a0.113in.(2
.90mm)diameter
shan
kis
commonly
use
dfo
rthis
test.Other
fasten
ers,
includingharden
edstee
ldowelsofeq
uivalen
tdiameter
may
be
selected
tomee
tthetest
objectives
.It
isad
visab
leto
mea
sure
thevariation
indiameter
ofthefasten
er.
NOTE
26—
The
edge
distance
isthe
distance
from
the
centerofthe
fasten
erto
theed
geofthepan
el.
FIG.10AssemblyforCompressionParallelto
SurfaceTestofa
LaterallySupportedSpecimen
D1037−12
11
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
13.3
Sp
ecim
ens
Tes
ted
inth
eD
ryC
on
dit
ion
13.3.1
When
thetestsareco
nducted
withdry
“asrece
ived
”
(sec
tion
6.3.1)ordry
“conditioned
”(sec
tion
6.3.2)materials,
the
tests
shallbe
mad
eim
med
iately
afterthe
fasten
ers
hav
e
bee
ndriven
.
13.4
Sp
ecim
ens
Mo
istu
reC
ycle
dB
efo
reTes
t
13.4.1
When
awater
soak
ed(sec
tion
6.3.3),
acce
lerated
aging(sec
tion6.3.4)orother
conditioningmethodis
employed
tosimulate
anap
plica
tion
moisture
exposu
rewith
this
test
method,thefasten
ersh
allbedriven
priorto
themoisture
cycle.
13.5
Met
ho
do
fL
oa
din
g
13.5.1
Clamp
the
end
ofthe
spec
imen
opposite
tothe
end
withthetest
fasten
erin
apositionparallelto
themovem
entof
the
testing
mac
hine.
Agrip
such
asthe
type
use
dfo
rtension
testsparallelto
theplaneofthepan
elis
suitab
le.Engag
ethe
fasten
erbythestirru
p,an
dco
nnec
tin
turn
tooneplatenofthe
testingmac
hinebyaro
d.A
typical
test
asse
mbly
formea
suring
theresistan
ceofanailin
thelateraldirec
tionis
shownin
Fig.
11.The
stirru
pan
dco
nnec
tions
are
detailed
inFig.12.See
Note
27.
NOTE27—
Forother
types
offasten
ers,
such
asstap
les,
modifi
cationof
thestirru
pmay
benec
essa
ry.
13.6
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
13.6.1
Thesp
ecim
ensh
allbeload
edco
ntinuously
thro
ugh-
outthetest
byse
parationofthehea
dsofthetestingmac
hineat
auniform
rate
ofcrosshea
dsp
eedof0.25in./min
(6mm/m
in)
650%
.See
Note
13.
13.7
Tes
tD
ata
an
dR
epo
rt
13.7.1
Theload
required
tomovethefasten
erto
theed
geof
thesp
ecim
ensh
allbethemea
sure
ofthelateralresistan
ce.The
max
imum
load
andthenature
offailure
shallbeincluded
inthe
report.See
Note
28.The
type
and
diameter
offasten
eruse
d
shallbedes
cribed
inthereport.
NOTE28—
Inso
meca
sesit
isuse
fulto
report
theresistan
cein
lbf/in.
(N/m
m)dividingthemax
imum
load
bythedep
thoffasten
erpen
etration;
forex
ample,when
differentpan
elthicknes
sesareco
mpared
.
14.NailWithdrawal
14.1
Sco
pe
14.1.1
Nail-holding
tests
shall
be
mad
eon
nails
driven
thro
ugh
the
spec
imen
from
face
toface
tomea
sure
the
resistan
ceto
the
nailwithdrawal
ina
direc
tion
norm
alto
the
face
ofthepan
el.
14.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
14.2.1
Thetest
spec
imen
shallbeofco
nven
ientsize
,at
leas
t
3by
6in.(7
6by
152
mm)in
plane,
and
thethicknes
softhe
pan
elas
man
ufactured.
The
test
fasten
ersh
all
be
driven
thro
ugh
thepan
elat
therightan
gle
totheface
,an
dat
leas
t1⁄2
in.(1
3mm)ofthesh
ankportionsh
allpro
ject
abovethesu
rfac
e
ofthepan
el.Thethicknes
sofea
chsp
ecim
ensh
allbemea
sured
toan
accu
racy
of
60.3
%.See
Notes29
and
30.
NOTE
29—
Asm
ooth
shan
ksix
pen
ny
(6d)co
mmon
wire
nailwith
a0.113
in.(2
.90
mm)diameter
shan
kis
commonly
use
dfo
rthis
test.It
isad
visab
leto
mea
sure
the
variation
indiameter
ofthe
nails.In
certain
instan
cesit
may
bemore
des
irab
leto
use
apointed
stee
lpin
with
ahea
dorother
suitab
leen
dto
engag
etheload
-applying
fixture.
NOTE30—
Where
the
use
ofa
particu
larnailorfasten
errequires
less
than
1⁄2
in.ofsh
ank
pro
jecting
above
the
surfac
e,then
only
sufficient
length
may
beleft
topermit
engag
emen
tin
thetesting
asse
mbly.
14.3
Sp
ecim
ens
Tes
ted
inth
eD
ryC
on
dit
ion
14.3.1
When
thetestsareco
nducted
withdry
“asrece
ived
”
(sec
tion
6.3.1)ordry
“conditioned
”(sec
tion
6.3.2)materials,
thewithdrawalssh
allbemad
eim
med
iately
afterthefasten
ers
hav
ebee
ndriven
.
14.4
Sp
ecim
ens
Mo
istu
reC
ycle
dB
efo
reTes
t
14.4.1
When
awater
soak
ed(sec
tion
6.3.3),
acce
lerated
aging(sec
tion6.3.4)orother
conditioningmethodis
employed
tosimulate
anap
plica
tion
ofmoisture
exposu
rewith
this
test
method,thefasten
ersh
allbedriven
priorto
themoisture
cycle.
14.5
Met
ho
do
fL
oa
din
g
14.5.1
The
asse
mbly
forthe
naildirec
t-withdrawal
test
is
shown
inFig.13.Attac
hthe
spec
imen
-holding
fixture
tothe
lower
platenofthetestingmac
hine.
Inse
rtthesp
ecim
enin
the
fixture
with
the
hea
dsofthe
nails
up,as
shown.Engag
ethe
hea
dsofthenails
bytheload
-applyingfixture
equipped
witha
slotfo
rea
syattach
men
t.This
load
ingfixture
shallbeattach
ed
tothe
upper
platen
of
the
testing
mac
hine.
Load
ssh
allbe
applied
byse
parationoftheplatensofthetestingmac
hine.
The
fitting
isdetailed
inFig.14.See
Note
31.
NOTE31—
Forother
types
offasten
ers,
such
asstap
les,
modifi
cationof
theload
ing
fixture
may
benec
essa
ry.
14.6
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
14.6.1
Thesp
ecim
ensh
allbeload
edco
ntinuously
thro
ugh-
outthe
test
by
auniform
motion
ofthe
movab
lehea
dofthe
testingmac
hineat
arate
of0.06in./min
(1.5
mm/m
in)
650%
.
See
Note
13.
FIG.11TestAssemblyforMeasuringtheResistanceofNailsto
LateralMovement
D1037−12
12
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
14.7
Tes
tD
ata
an
dR
epo
rt
14.7.1
Themax
imum
load
required
towithdraw
thefasten
er
shallbe
the
mea
sure
ofresistan
ceofthe
materialto
direc
t
fasten
erwithdrawal,an
dsh
allbe
included
inthe
report.See
Note
28.The
type
and
the
size
ofthe
fasten
eruse
dsh
allbe
des
cribed
inthereport.
15.Nail-HeadPull-Through
15.1
Sco
pe
15.1.1
Nail-hea
dpull-thro
ugh
testssh
allbe
mad
eto
mea
-
sure
theresistan
ceofapan
elto
hav
ingthehea
dofaco
mmon
nailorother
fasten
erpulled
thro
ugh
thepan
el.This
test
isto
simulate
theco
nditionen
counteredwithfo
rces
that
tendto
pull
pan
elingorsh
eathingfrom
afram
e.See
Note
24an
dNote
32.
NOTE32—
Forinteriorap
plica
tions,
theresistan
ceto
pull-thro
ugh
ofa
finishing
nailmay
be
preferred
.For
other
applica
tions,
some
spec
ial
fasten
erslikestap
lesorro
ofingnails
may
bedes
ired
instea
dofaco
mmon
nail. 15.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
15.2.1
Thetest
spec
imen
shallbeofco
nven
ientsize
,at
leas
t
3by
6in.(7
6by
152
mm)in
plane,
and
thethicknes
softhe
pan
elas
man
ufactured.Thetest
nailsh
allbedriven
thro
ughthe
pan
elat
therightan
gle
totheface
withthehea
dflush
withthe
surfac
eofthe
pan
el(see
Note
33).
The
size
ofthe
hea
dan
d
shan
kdiameters
of
the
nails
use
dfo
rthis
testing
shallbe
mea
sured
and
reported
toan
accu
racy
of
61.0
%.Thethick-
nes
sofea
chsp
ecim
ensh
allbe
mea
sured
toan
accu
racy
of
60.3
%.
MetricEquivalents
in.
1⁄16
1⁄8
3⁄16
3⁄8
1⁄2
5⁄8
3⁄4
7⁄8
111⁄8
11⁄4
21⁄4
mm
1.5
34.5
912.7
15
19
21
25.4
28
32
57
FIG.12DetailofStirrupsandConnectionsforMeasuringtheResistanceofNailsto
LateralMovement
FIG.13TestAssemblyforMeasuringtheResistanceofNailsto
DirectWithdrawal
NOTE1—
1in.=
25.4
mm.
FIG.14DetailsofTestingEquipmentforMeasuringtheResis-
tanceofNailsto
DirectWithdrawal
D1037−12
13
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
NOTE33—
Asixpen
ny
(6d)co
mmon
wire
nailwith
a0.266
in.(6
.75
mm)
diameter
hea
dan
da
0.113
in.
(2.90
mm)
diameter
shan
kis
commonly
use
dfo
rthis
test.Other
fasten
ersmay
bese
lected
tomee
tthe
test
objectives
.
15.3
Sp
ecim
ens
Tes
ted
inth
eD
ryC
on
dit
ion
s
15.3.1
When
thetestsareco
nducted
withdry
“asrece
ived
”
(sec
tion
6.3.1)ordry
“conditioned
”(sec
tion
6.3.2)materials,
thepull
thro
ugh
shallbemad
eim
med
iately
afterthefasten
ers
hav
ebee
ndriven
.
15.4
Sp
ecim
ens
Mo
istu
reC
ycle
dB
efo
reTes
t
15.4.1
When
awater
soak
ed(sec
tion
6.3.3),
acce
lerated
aging(sec
tion6.3.4)orother
conditioningmethodis
employed
tosimulate
anap
plica
tion
ofmoisture
exposu
rewith
this
test
method,thefasten
ersh
allbedriven
priorto
themoisture
cycle.
15.5
Met
ho
do
fL
oa
din
g
15.5.1
Modify
the
asse
mbly
forthe
direc
twithdrawal
test
detailed
inFig.14
by
replacing
the
top
pairofan
glesin
the
spec
imen
-holdingfixture
witha6-in.(1
52-m
m)length
of6by
21⁄4-in.(1
52by57-m
m)stee
lch
annel.Theweb
ofthech
annel
shallhav
ea
3-in.(7
6-m
m)diameter
open
ing
centered
inthe
web
.The
edge
of
this
open
ing
pro
vides
the
support
tothe
spec
imen
during
test.The
spec
imen
-holding
fixture
shallbe
centered
and
attach
edit
tothe
lower
platen
of
the
testing
mac
hine.
Thesp
ecim
ensh
allbeinse
rted
intheholdingfixture
with
thepointofthetest
fasten
erup.Thepointed
end
ofthe
fasten
ersh
allbe
gripped
with
agripping
dev
ice
of
such
a
des
ignas
toallow
accu
rate
spec
imen
positioningan
dtrueax
ial
load
ing
(see
Note
34).
Load
shallbeap
plied
by
separation
of
theplatensofthetesting
mac
hine.
NOTE34—
A“J
acob’s”-typedrill
chuck
attach
edto
theupper
platenof
thetestingmac
hinewithauniversa
ljointortoggle
linkag
e,to
pro
videfo
rau
tomatic
aligning,has
bee
nuse
dsu
cces
sfully.
15.6
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
15.6.1
Thesp
ecim
ensh
allbeload
edco
ntinuously
thro
ugh-
outthe
test
by
auniform
motion
ofthe
movab
lehea
dofthe
testingmac
hineat
arate
of0.06in./min
(1.5
mm/m
in)
650%
.
See
Note
13.
15.7
Tes
tD
ata
an
dR
epo
rt
15.7.1
Themax
imum
load
required
topull
thehea
dofthe
fasten
erthro
ughthepan
elsh
allbethemea
sure
ofresistan
ceof
the
materialto
fasten
er-h
ead
pull-thro
ugh,an
dsh
allbe
in-
cluded
inthereport
forea
chsp
ecim
en.See
Note
28.Thereport
shalldes
cribe
the
type
and
hea
dan
dsh
ank
diametersofthe
nails
use
dan
dthefailure
modes
obse
rved
.
16.DirectScrew
Withdrawal
16.1
Sco
pe
16.1.1
Scre
w-h
old
ing
tests
shall
be
made
on
scre
ws
thread
edinto
the
pan
elto
mea
sure
the
resistan
ceto
screw
withdrawal
ina
plane
norm
alto
the
face
ofthe
pan
el.For
numerous
applica
tions,
the
withdrawal
resistan
ceof
screws
from
the
edge
of
the
pan
elis
des
ired
.W
hen
that
value
is
required
thesc
rew
withdrawal
resistan
cein
theplaneparallel
totheface
shallbedetermined
.See
Note
24.
16.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
16.2.1
Wit
hd
raw
al
fro
mth
eF
ace
of
the
Pa
nel
—The
test
spec
imen
shallbeofco
nven
ientsize
,at
leas
t3by4in.(7
6by
102
mm)in
plane.
The
thicknes
softhe
spec
imen
shallbe
at
leas
t1
in.
(25
mm)
unless
other
considerations
mak
eit
des
irab
leto
test
with
the
thicknes
sas
man
ufactured,bec
ause
loca
lben
dingofthepan
elat
withdrawal
may
affect
test
resu
lts.
Ifnec
essa
ry,glueup
two
ormore
thicknes
sesofthepan
elto
arriveat
the1-in.minim
um
thicknes
s.A
rubber
cemen
torother
suitab
leflex
ible
adhes
ive
shallbe
use
d,which
does
notalter
thepro
perties
and
moisture
condition
ofthepan
el.Thesc
rew
(see
Note
35)sh
allbethread
ed2⁄3in.(1
7mm)into
alead
hole
inthesp
ecim
enat
therightan
gle
totheface
ofthepan
el.The
lead
hole
shallbe
predrilled
using
adrill
of0.9
ofthe
root
diameter
ofthesc
rew
(see
Note
36).
16.2.2
Wit
hd
raw
al
fro
mth
eE
dg
eo
fth
eP
an
el—
The
test
spec
imen
shallbeofco
nven
ientsize
,at
leas
t3by6in.(7
6by
152
mm)in
plane,
and
thethicknes
softhepan
elas
man
ufac-
tured(see
Note
37).Toev
aluatedirec
tional
pro
perties
,an
equal
number
ofsp
ecim
ens
shallbe
tested
with
screw
withdrawal
parallelan
dperpen
dicularto
the
long-axis
ofthe
pan
el.The
screw
(see
Note
35)sh
allbethread
ed2⁄3in.(1
7mm)into
alead
hole
intheed
geofthepan
elat
midthicknes
sat
therightan
gle
tothe
surfac
eofthe
edge.
The
lead
hole
shallbe
predrilled
usingadrill
of0.9
ofthero
otdiameter
ofthesc
rew
(see
Note
36). N
OTE
35—
Number
10
TypeAB
screwssh
ould
hav
ea
rootdiameter
0.138
60.003in.(3
.51
60.1
mm)an
dapitch
of16thread
sper
inch
.The
diameter
ofthelead
hole
should
be0.125
in.(3
.2mm).
NOTE36—
Itis
reco
gnized
that
someother
lead
hole
diameter
may
give
higher
withdrawal
resistan
cevalues
for
some
den
sities
and
kinds
of
pan
els.
Dep
arturesfrom
this
size
oflead
hole
arepermitted,butdiameter
use
dsh
allbereported
.
NOTE37—
Inso
meap
plica
tionswherese
veral
thicknes
sesofhardboard
orthethinner
particleb
oardarelaminated
together,it
may
bedes
irab
leto
obtain
theed
gewithdrawal
resistan
ceofalaminated
pan
el.W
hen
this
isdone,
thesp
ecim
enis
laminated
from
anodd
number
ofthicknes
sesan
dthesc
rew
isloca
ted
atthemidthicknes
softhece
nterlaminate.
16.3
Sp
ecim
ens
Tes
ted
inth
eD
ryC
on
dit
ion
16.3.1
When
thetestsareco
nducted
withdry
“asrece
ived
”
(sec
tion
6.3.1)ordry
“conditioned
”(sec
tion
6.3.2)materials,
the
withdrawals
shallbe
mad
eim
med
iately
afterthe
screws
hav
ebee
nem
bed
ded
.
16.4
Sp
ecim
ens
Cyc
led
Bef
ore
Tes
t
16.4.1
When
awater
soak
ed(sec
tion
6.3.3),
acce
lerated
aging(sec
tion6.3.4)orother
conditioningmethodis
employed
tosimulate
anap
plica
tion
ofmoisture
exposu
rewith
this
test
method,the
screw
shallbe
embed
ded
priorto
the
moisture
cycle.
16.5
Met
ho
do
fL
oa
din
g
16.5.1
Theas
sembly
forthedirec
tsc
rew
withdrawal
isthe
sameas
shownfo
rdirec
tnailwithdrawal
inFig.13.A
ttac
hthe
spec
imen
-holding
fixture
tothe
lower
platen
of
the
test
mac
hine.
Inse
rtthesp
ecim
enin
thefixture
withthehea
dofthe
screw
up
assh
own.Engag
ethe
hea
dof
the
screw
by
the
load
-applyingfixture
equipped
withaslotfo
rea
syattach
men
t.
Attac
hthis
load
ing
fixture
tothe
upper
platen
ofthe
testing
mac
hine.
Load
shallbeap
plied
byse
parationoftheplatensof
thetesting
mac
hine.
16.6
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
D1037−12
14
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
16.6.1
Thesp
ecim
ensh
allbeload
edco
ntinuously
thro
ugh-
outthe
test
by
auniform
motion
ofthe
movab
lehea
dofthe
testingmac
hineat
arate
of0.06in./min
(1.5
mm/m
in)
650%
.
See
Note
13.
16.7
Tes
tD
ata
an
dR
epo
rt
16.7.1
Thereport
shallincludethefo
llowing:
16.7.2
Typeofwithdrawal
resistan
ce(fac
e,ed
ge-parallelor
edge-perpen
dicular
tothe
long
axis
of
the
pan
el)
and
the
max
imum
load
required
towithdraw
thesc
rew
from
thepan
el.
See
Note
28).
Ifthesc
rew
isbro
ken
rather
than
withdrawn,it
shallbenoted
and
thetest
valuesh
allbedisca
rded
.
16.7.3
Thetypean
dsize
ofthesc
rew,an
ddiameter
oflead
hole
actually
use
d.
16.7.4
Thicknes
softhe
pan
elan
ddep
thofsc
rew
pen
etra-
tion
asac
tually
tested
.
17.Hardness
17.1
Sco
pe
17.1.1
Themodifi
edJa
nka-balltest
methodsh
allbeuse
dfo
r
determining
hardnes
sofpan
el.
17.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
17.2.1
Eac
hsp
ecim
ensh
allbenominally
3by
6in.(7
6by
152
mm)in
planean
dat
leas
t1
in.(2
5mm)thick
(see
Note
38).
Bec
ause
most
pan
elsare
man
ufactured
inthicknes
sesof
less
than
1in.(2
5mm),
thesp
ecim
enfo
rtest
shallbemad
eby
bonding
together
several
layers
of
the
pan
els
tomak
ethe
required
thicknes
s.A
rubber
cemen
torother
suitab
leflex
ible
adhes
ivesh
allbeuse
d,whichdoes
notalterthepro
perties
and
moisture
conditionofthepan
el.Thefinished
spec
imen
shallbe
trim
med
afterbondingso
that
edges
aresm
ooth.Thethicknes
s
ofthesp
ecim
ensas
tested
shallbemea
suredto
anac
curacy
of
60.3
%.
NOTE
38—
Ifthe
purp
ose
of
the
test
isto
mea
sure
the
inden
tation
resistan
ceofthepan
elas
man
ufactured,themultiple
piece
spec
imen
may
betested
withoutgluing
thelayerstogether.
17.3
Pro
ced
ure
17.3.1
The
modifi
edJa
nka-balltest
method
shallbe
use
d
witha“b
all”
0.444in.(11.3
mm)in
diameter.Theload
shallbe
reco
rded
when
the“b
all”
has
pen
etrated
toone-halfitsdiam-
eter
into
the
pan
el,
asdetermined
by
anelec
tric
circuit
indicatororby
the
tightening
ofthe
collar
against
the
spec
i-
men
.Thetest
asse
mbly
withatoolofthetighteningco
llar
type
issh
own
inFig.15.
17.3.2
Two
pen
etrationssh
allbe
mad
eon
each
ofthe
two
flat
face
softhepan
el.T
heloca
tionsofthepoints
ofpen
etration
shallbeat
leas
t1
in.(2
5mm)from
theed
ges
and
endsofthe
spec
imen
andfaren
oughap
artso
that
onepen
etrationwillnot
affect
another
one.
17.4
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
17.4.1
The
load
shallbe
applied
continuously
thro
ughout
thetest
atauniform
rate
ofmotion
ofthemovab
lecrosshea
d
ofthetestingmac
hineof0.25in./min
(6mm/m
in)
650%
.See
Note
13.
17.5
Tes
tD
ata
an
dR
epo
rt
17.5.1
Theload
required
toem
bed
the“b
all”
toone-halfits
diameter
into
thepan
elsh
allbethemea
sure
ofhardnes
s,an
d
shallbeincluded
inthereport.W
hereoneface
ofthepan
elis
differentfrom
the
other,as
forex
ample
the
smooth
face
and
wire-texturedbac
kofmost
hardboards,
thedataobtained
from
thetw
oface
ssh
allbereported
separately.
Thethicknes
softhe
test
materialsh
allalso
beincluded
.
18.HardnessModulus
18.1
Sco
pe
18.1.1
The
hard
ness
modulu
smeth
od
of
determ
inin
g
“equivalen
tJa
nka-ballhardnes
s”may
beuse
dfo
rdetermining
hardnes
sofbuilding
fiberboard
and
particleb
oard
pan
els
18.2
Sig
nifi
can
cea
nd
Use
18.2.1
The
hardnes
smodulus(in
poundsper
inch
ofpen
-
etration)divided
by
5.4
gives
theeq
uivalen
tJa
nka-ballhard-
nes
sin
pounds.
3The
thinnes
sof
most
wood-b
ase
pan
el
materials
precludes
theuse
oftheregularJa
nka-ballpro
cedure
(see
MethodsD143)unless
several
thicknes
sesarelaminated
together
topro
videathicknes
sof1
in.(2
5mm)ormore.
18.2.2
This
pro
cedure
isap
plica
ble
formaterials
greater
in
thicknes
sthan
1⁄8
in.(3
mm).
Forthicknes
ses
1⁄8
in.orless,
stac
ksofmaterialmay
beuse
d,butex
trem
eca
remust
betaken
tose
lect
thepro
per
slopefo
rhardnes
smodulus.
18.3
Tes
tS
pec
imen
18.3.1
Eac
hsp
ecim
ensh
allbenominally
3by
6in.(7
6by
152
mm)
inplane
by
the
thicknes
sof
the
material.
When
materials
are
1⁄4
in.(6
mm)
or
less
inthicknes
s,an
extra
spec
imen
shallbe
prepared
asa
bac
king
materialduring
the
test.Thefinished
spec
imen
shallbesa
wn
squarewith
smooth
3Forfu
rther
info
rmation
on
this
relationsh
ipco
nsu
lt“H
ardnes
sM
odulusas
an
Alternate
Mea
sure
of
Hardnes
sto
the
Janka
Ball
for
Wood
and
Wood-B
ase
Materials,”
by
W.C.Lew
is,U.S
.Forest
Service,
rese
arch
note
FPL-0
189,M
arch
1968.
Available
from
Forest
Pro
ducts
Lab
oratory,
One
Giffo
rdPinch
ot
Dr.,
Mad
ison,W
I53705-2
398.
FIG.15JankaBallTestApparatusforHardnessofPanels
D1037−12
15
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
edges
.The
thicknes
sof
the
spec
imen
sas
tested
shall
be
mea
sured
toan
accu
racy
of
60.3
%.
18.4
Pro
ced
ure
18.4.1
The
rate
ofpen
etration
ofthe
modifi
edJa
nka-ball,
0.444in.(11.3
mm)in
diameter,sh
allbeuse
dfo
rdetermining
hardnes
smodulus.
See
Note
39.Eac
htest
shallbe
continued
untilthepen
etration
isab
out0.1
in.(2
.5mm).
NOTE39—
Suitab
lemodifi
cationsoftheJa
nka-ballhardnes
sap
paratus
tomea
sure
pen
etration
aresh
own
inFigs.
16
and
17.Fig.16
showsthe
modifi
cation
forman
ual
mea
suremen
tsofpen
etration
and
Fig.17
shows
aco
neunitwithmicro
form
erfo
rau
tographic
reco
rding.Fig.18sh
owsthe
kind
ofload
-pen
etration
dataobtained
from
tests.
18.4.2
Atleas
ttw
open
etrationssh
allbe
mad
eon
each
of
thetw
oflat
face
sofea
chsp
ecim
en.W
hereoneface
isdifferent
from
the
other
as,fo
rex
ample,the
smooth
face
and
wire-
textured
bac
kofmost
hardboards,
thedataobtained
from
the
two
face
ssh
allbe
reported
separately.
The
loca
tions
ofthe
points
ofpen
etration
shallbeat
leas
t1
in.(2
5mm)from
the
FIG.16Janka-BallHardnessToolEquippedwithaMicrometerDialforMeasuringPenetration
D1037−12
16
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
edges
and
endsofsp
ecim
ensan
dfaren
ough
apartso
that
one
pen
etration
willnotaffect
another
one.
18.5
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
18.5.1
The
load
shallbe
applied
continuously
thro
ughout
thetest
atauniform
rate
ofmotion
ofthemovab
lecrosshea
d
ofthetesting
mac
hineof0.05
in./min
(1.3
mm/m
in)
650%
.
See
Note
13.
18.6
Tes
tD
ata
an
dR
epo
rt
18.6.1
The
slope
of
the
straight-line
portion
of
the
load
pen
etration
curv
ein
pounds
per
inch
shallbe
the
hardnes
s
modulus.
Theeq
uivalen
tJa
nka-ballhardnes
svaluein
pounds
isobtained
dividing
this
hardnes
smodulusby
thefactor5.4.
18.6.2
Thehardnes
smodulusas
determined
from
theload
-
pen
etration
curv
ean
dthe
calculated
equivalen
tJa
nka-ball
hardnes
svaluesh
allbeincluded
inthereport.
19.Shearin
thePlaneofthePanel
19.1
Sco
pe
19.1.1
Shea
rtestssh
allbemad
eon
spec
imen
sprepared
by
laminatingea
chsp
ecim
enso
that
theplaneofthesh
earfailure
willbein
thepan
elpro
per
andnotin
thegluelines
.Toev
aluate
direc
tional
pro
perties
,an
equal
number
ofsp
ecim
enssh
allbe
tested
with
theirlong-axis
parallelan
dperpen
dicularto
the
long-axis
of
the
pan
el.This
test,ex
ceptfo
rthe
method
of
FIG.17Janka-BallHardnessToolAdaptedwithConeandMicroform
erUnitforDirectAutographicRecordingofLoad-PenetrationData
D1037−12
17
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
preparing
the
spec
imen
,fo
llows
the
pro
cedure
des
cribed
in
Sec
tion
14
ofM
ethodsD143.
19.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
19.2.1
The
shea
r-parallel-to-p
lane
of
pan
eltests
shallbe
mad
eon
2by
2by
21⁄2-in.(5
1by
51
by
64-m
m)sp
ecim
ens
notched
asillustrated
inFig.19.It
istheintentin
this
test
to
hav
etheplaneofsh
earparallelto
thesu
rfac
esofthepan
elan
d
tohav
ethe
failure
appro
xim
ately
midway
betwee
nthe
two
surfac
esof
the
pan
el.The
spec
imen
shallbe
glued
up
by
laminating
sufficientthicknes
ses
(see
Note
40)ofthe
pan
el
together
topro
duce
the
des
ired
2-in.(5
1-m
m)
thicknes
sof
spec
imen
assh
own
inFig.19.The
actual
area
ofthe
shea
r
surfac
esh
allbemea
sured
tothenea
rest
0.005
in.(0
.1mm).
NOTE
40—
When
the
shea
rstrength
ofa
thin
pan
ellike
hardboard
isdes
ired
,itwillbepermissible
touse
athicker
materialsu
chas
plywoodfo
router
laminations
toreduce
the
total
amount
of
gluing.
When
that
pro
cedure
isuse
d,at
leas
tthece
nterlamination
and
preferably
thethree
centerlaminationssh
allbeofthepan
elunder
test.
19.3
Pro
ced
ure
19.3.1
Ash
eartoolwith
ase
lf-aligning
seat
shallbe
use
d
similar
tothat
illustrated
inFig.
22
of
Methods
D143,
pro
vidinga
1⁄8
in.(3
-mm)offse
tbetwee
ntheinner
edgeofthe
supporting
surfac
ean
dtheplane,
along
which
failure
occ
urs.
Thesp
ecim
ensh
allbeload
edat
thenotch,as
indicated
bythe
larg
earro
win
Fig.19,an
dsu
pported
atthe
opposite
corn
er.
Caresh
allbetaken
inplacingthesp
ecim
enin
thesh
eartoolto
see
that
the
crossbar
isad
justed
sothat
the
edges
of
the
spec
imen
arevertica
lan
dtheen
drestsev
enly
on
thesu
pport
over
the
contact
area
.The
max
imum
load
and
the
mode
of
failure
shallbereco
rded
.
19.4
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
19.4.1
The
load
shallbe
applied
continuously
thro
ughout
thetest
atauniform
rate
ofmotion
ofthemovab
lecrosshea
d
ofthetestingmac
hineof0.024in./min
(0.6
mm/m
in)
650%
.
See
Note
13.
19.5
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
19.5.1
The
max
imum
shea
rstress
shallbe
calculated
for
each
spec
imen
inac
cord
ance
with
thefo
llowing
equation:
FIG.18TypicalLoad-IndentationLinesObtainedwithAutographicEquipmentforWoodandWood-BasePanelMaterials.ValuesShown
onTrianglesWere
OnesUsedto
Compute
theHardnessModulusValues
MetricEquivalents
in.
1⁄2
3⁄4
11⁄4
221⁄2
mm
12.7
19
31.7
51
63.5
FIG.19ShearParallelto
SurfaceTestSpecimen
D1037−12
18
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
τ5
Pm
ax
bd
(12)
where:
b=
width
ofthesh
eararea
mea
suredin
dry
condition,in.
(mm),
d=
dep
thofthesh
eararea
mea
suredin
dry
condition,in.
(mm),
Pm
ax
=max
imum
load
,lbf(N
),an
dτ
=max
imum
shea
rstress,psi
(MPa).
19.5.2
The
direc
tion
ofload
ing,the
charac
teran
dtype
of
failure,themax
imum
shea
rstress,themax
imum
load
,an
dthe
shea
rarea
dim
ensionsofea
chsp
ecim
ensh
allbe
included
in
the
report.In
allca
ses
where
the
failure
atthe
bas
eofthe
spec
imen
extends
bac
konto
the
supporting
surfac
e,the
test
shallbedisca
rded
.
20.Glue-LineShear(Block
Type)
20.1
Sco
pe
20.1.1
The
block
-type
glue-line
shea
rtest
shallbe
use
dto
evaluate
glued
pan
elco
nstru
ctions
that
are
obtained
when
thicknes
sesarelaminated
together
topro
videagreater
thick-
nes
sthan
when
man
ufactured.W
hen
des
ired
,the
spec
imen
s
may
be
modifi
edto
evaluate
glue
lines
betwee
nthe
test
materialan
dso
lidwoodorven
eerbylaminatingthesp
ecim
en
sothat
the
glue
line
tobe
evaluated
isso
orien
ted
inthe
spec
imen
that
itco
incides
with
the
plane
of
shea
rin
the
spec
imen
.The
shea
rblock
ssh
allbe
fabrica
ted
such
that
the
applied
load
willbeparallelto
thestro
ngdirec
tionofthepan
el.
This
test
pro
cedure
isad
optedfrom
Tes
tM
ethodD905,ex
cept
fortherate
ofload
ing
(see
section
20.4).
20.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
20.2.1
Thetest
spec
imen
shallbe2in.(5
1mm)in
width
and
2in.(5
1mm)in
height,
and
shallbe
fabrica
ted
assh
own
in
Fig.20.Thesp
ecim
ensh
allbefrom
1to
2in.(2
5to
51
mm)
thick,dep
ending
on
thethicknes
softhepan
el(see
Note
41).
Spec
imen
ssh
allbe
sawn
from
pan
elsglued
up
insize
sofat
leas
t6-in.(1
52-m
m)sq
uare.
Caresh
allbetaken
inpreparing
test
spec
imen
sto
mak
etheload
edsu
rfac
essm
ooth
andparallel
toea
chother
and
perpen
dicularto
the
glue
line
inthe
shea
r
plane.
Care
shallbe
exercise
din
reducing
the
lengthsofthe
laminations
to13⁄4
in.(4
4mm)to
ensu
rethat
the
saw
cuts
extend
to,butnotbey
ond
theglueline.
Thewidth
and
height
ofthe
shea
rarea
ofea
chsp
ecim
enat
the
glue
line
shallbe
mea
sured
tothenea
rest
0.005
in.(0
.1mm).
NOTE
41—
When
the
glue-line
shea
rstrength
of
athin
pan
ellike
hardboard
isdes
ired
,it
willbepermissible
touse
athicker
materialsu
chas
plywoodfo
routerlaminationsto
reduce
thetotalam
ountofgluing.The
materialon
either
sideofthegluelinein
theplaneofsh
earsh
allbethe
pan
elunder
test
unless
thetest
involves
agluelineofpan
elan
dan
other
material.
20.3
Pro
ced
ure
20.3.1
Thesp
ecim
ensh
allbeload
edusingthesh
earingtool
withase
lf-aligningse
atsimilar
tothat
shownin
Fig.1ofTes
t
Method
D905,ad
justed
sothat
failure
willocc
ur
along
or
adjace
ntto
the
glue
line
(no
offse
t).Care
shallbe
taken
in
placing
thesp
ecim
enin
thesh
eartoolto
seethat
thecrossbar
isad
justed
sothat
theed
ges
ofthesp
ecim
enarevertica
lan
d
theen
drestsev
enly
on
thesu
pport
over
theco
ntact
area
.The
max
imum
load
,mode
offailure,an
dthe
perce
ntage
offiber
failure
shallbereco
rded
.
20.4
Sp
eed
of
Lo
ad
ing
20.4.1
Theload
shallbeap
plied
with
aco
ntinuousmotion
ofthe
movab
lehea
dofthe
testing
mac
hine
at0.024
in.(0
.6
mm/m
in)
650%
.See
Note
13.
20.5
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
20.5.1
The
max
imum
shea
rstress
shallbe
calculated
for
each
spec
imen
inac
cord
ance
with
thefo
llowing
equation:
τ5
Pm
ax
bd
(13)
where:
b=
width
ofthesh
eararea
indry
condition,in.(m
m),
d=
dep
thofthesh
eararea
indry
condition,in.(m
m),
Pm
ax
=max
imum
load
,lbf(N
),an
dτ
=max
imum
shea
rstress,psi
(MPa).
20.5.2
The
shea
rstress
atfailure,bas
edon
the
max
imum
load
,thesh
eararea
dim
ensions(theoverlap
area
betwee
nthe
two
laminations),an
dtheperce
ntageoffiber
failure,fo
rea
ch
spec
imen
,sh
allbeincluded
inthereport.
21.FallingBallIm
pact
21.1
Sco
pe
21.1.1
Thefallingballim
pac
ttest
shallbeuse
dto
mea
sure
theim
pac
tresistan
ceofpan
elsfrom
thekind
ofdam
agethat
occ
urs
inse
rvicewhen
stru
ckbymovingobjects.
Inthis
test
a
2-in.(5
1-m
m)diameter
stee
lballis
dro
pped
from
increa
sing
heights
onto
asp
ecim
ensu
pported
inafram
eas
des
cribed
in
section
21.2.Eac
hdro
pis
mad
eat
the
same
loca
tion
on
the
spec
imen
appro
xim
ately
inthe
centerofthe
pan
el,untilthe
pan
elfails.
Theheightofdro
pin
inch
esthat
pro
duce
savisible
failure
on
the
underside
ofthe
spec
imen
isreco
rded
asthe
index
ofresistan
ceto
impac
t.
21.2
Ap
pa
ratu
s
21.2.1
Asu
itab
leas
sembly
for
mak
ing
the
falling
ball
impac
ttest
issh
ownin
Fig.21.Twofram
esof11⁄2-in.(3
8-m
m)
thickplywood,9by10-in.(2
28by254-m
m)outsidedim
ension
with
a6-in.(1
52-m
m)ce
ntral
square
shallbe
pro
vided
with
MetricEquivalents
in.
1⁄4
113⁄4
2
mm
625.4
44
51
FIG.20Block-TypeGlue-LineShearTestSpecimen
D1037−12
19
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
eight
3⁄8-in.(9
-mm)ca
rriage
boltsfo
rclam
ping
the
spec
imen
betwee
nthefram
es.Theeightboltssh
allbesp
aced
equidistant
on85⁄8-in.(2
18-m
m)diameter
circle.A
2-in.(5
1-m
m)diameter
stee
lballweighing
1.18
lb(5
35
g)an
da
suitab
lemea
ns
of
holding
and
releas
ing
itfrom
predetermined
heights
shallbe
pro
vided
.During
the
test
the
fram
ean
dsp
ecim
ensh
allbe
supported
solidly
on
asu
itab
lebas
e.
21.3
Tes
tS
pec
imen
21.3.1
Theim
pac
ttest
spec
imen
ssh
allbe9
by
10
in.(2
28
by
254
mm)
by
the
thicknes
sof
the
material.
No
facing
materialother
than
that
which
isa
regularpartofthe
pan
el
shallbeap
plied
tothepan
elpriorto
test.Thethicknes
softhe
spec
imen
sas
tested
shallbemea
suredto
anac
curacy
of0.001
in.(0
.025
mm).
21.4
Pro
ced
ure
21.4.1
Thesp
ecim
ensh
allbeclam
ped
secu
rely
betwee
nthe
fram
es.Dro
pthestee
lballwithan
initialdro
pof1in.(2
5mm)
sothat
itstrikes
appro
xim
ately
atthece
nterofthesp
ecim
en.
Mak
erepea
ted
dro
ps
from
increa
sing
heights
untila
visible
frac
ture
ispro
duce
don
the
top
and
bottom
surfac
eof
the
spec
imen
.In
crem
ents
ofdro
psh
allbe1
in.(2
5mm),
mea
sur-
ing
thedistance
from
thebottom
oftheballto
thetop
surfac
e
of
the
spec
imen
.The
heights
of
dro
pthat
pro
duce
visible
frac
turesonea
chsu
rfac
esh
allbereco
rded
.Catch
theballafter
each
dro
pso
that
therewillbeonly
oneim
pac
tfo
rea
chdro
p.
21.5
Rep
ort
21.5.1
Thereport
shallincludethefo
llowing:
21.5.2
Des
cription
ofthefailure,
21.5.3
Heights
of
dro
pthat
pro
duce
dfailures
on
each
surfac
e,an
d
21.5.4
Themea
sured
thicknes
sofea
chtest
spec
imen
.
22.AbrasionResistance
bytheU.S.NavyWearTester
22.1
Sco
pe
22.1.1
Abrasion
resistan
cetestssh
allbemad
eon
thepan
el
todetermine
the
wea
runder
simulated
conditionsofuniform
abrasion.See
Note
42.
NOTE
42—
Other
test
methods
hav
ebee
nuse
dto
mea
sure
abrasion
resistan
ceofother
materials.The
test
method
delinea
ted
here
has
bee
nuse
dex
tensively
formea
suring
the
resistan
ceofwood
and
other
wood-
bas
ematerials
likeplywood
tosu
rfac
eab
rasion.4
22.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
22.2.1
Thearea
ofthetest
spec
imen
tobeab
raded
shallbe
2by3in.(5
1by76mm),
andthesp
ecim
ensh
allbefabrica
ted
from
apiece
ofthe
pan
el2
by
4in.(5
1by
102
mm)by
the
thicknes
softhematerialas
shown
inFig.22.W
hen
thepan
el
tested
isless
than
1⁄2
in.(1
2mm)thick,either
sufficientpiece
s
shallbe
laminated
together
topro
vide
the
1⁄2-in.thicknes
sor
the
spec
imen
shall
be
bac
ked
by
athicknes
sof
wood
or
plywood
sufficientto
pro
vide
the
1⁄2-in.totalsp
ecim
enthick-
nes
srequired
.The
spec
imen
ssh
allbe
air-co
nditioned
before
test
(see
section
6.3.2)an
dthe
test
mad
ein
the
same
condi-
tioned
atmosp
here.
Theac
tual
dim
ensionsoftheab
radingarea
ofthesp
ecim
ensh
allbemea
sured
tothenea
rest
0.01
in.(0
.2
mm).
Thethicknes
softhetest
spec
imen
shallbemea
sured
to
the
nea
rest
0.001
in.(0
.025
mm)nea
rea
chco
rner
and
the
center.
22.3
Pro
ced
ure
22.3.1
Conduct
the
test
with
the
Nav
y-type
abrasion
ma-
chine5
assh
own
inFig.23,using
new
No.80-g
ritaluminum
oxide,
oreq
uivalen
t,as
the
abrading
med
ium.Apply
the
grit
continuously
(see
Note
43)to
the
14-in.(3
55-m
m)diameter
stee
ldisk,whichse
rves
asaplatform
supportingthesp
ecim
en
andro
tatesat
therate
of231⁄2r/min.Rotate
thesp
ecim
enin
the
same
direc
tion
asthe
stee
ldisk
atthe
rate
of
321⁄2
r/min.
Superim
pose
aload
of10lb
(4.5
kg)onthetest
spec
imen
.The
mac
hineis
des
igned
sothat
twiceea
chrevolutionthesp
ecim
en
israised
1⁄16in.(1
.6mm)ab
ovethestee
ldiskan
dim
med
iately
4U.S
.Forest
Pro
ductsLab
oratory
Rep
ort
R1732,“T
heAbrasion
Res
istance
of
Wood
asDetermined
with
theU.S
.Nav
yW
earTes
tM
achine.”
5TheNav
y-typewea
rtester
may
beco
nstru
cted
from
drawingsobtainab
lefrom
theU.S
.Nav
yortheForest
Pro
ductsLab
oratory.It
isman
ufactured
commercially
by
theTiniusOlsen
Tes
ting
Mac
hineCo.,
Willow
Gro
ve,
PA.
FIG.21TestAssemblyforFallingBallImpactTest
MetricEquivalents
in.
3⁄16
5⁄16
1⁄2
23
4
mm
4.5
7.5
12.7
51
76
101.6
FIG.22TestSpecimenforAbrasionResistanceTest
D1037−12
20
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
lowered
.Determine
the
dec
reas
ein
the
thicknes
sof
the
spec
imen
attheen
dofea
ch100revolutionsofthestee
ldiskby
mea
suring
thethicknes
softhesp
ecim
ento
thenea
rest
0.001
in.(0
.025mm)nea
rea
chco
rner
andat
thece
nter.Rem
ovean
y
dust
or
abrading
material
adhering
tothe
surfac
eof
the
spec
imen
before
mea
suringthethicknes
s.Themea
nofthefive
thicknes
sread
ingssh
allbetaken
astheloss
inthicknes
softhe
spec
imen
.Rep
eatthis
pro
cedure
untilthe
spec
imen
has
500
revolutionsofwea
roras
required
.See
Note
44.
NOTE43—
TheNav
ywea
rtester
isdes
igned
sothat
thereis
anex
cess
ofgriton
theab
rading
disk
atalltimes
.During
allparts
oftheab
rading
action,ex
ceptwhen
thesp
ecim
enis
intheraised
position,thesp
ecim
enis
push
ing
asm
allam
ountofgritah
ead
ofit.
NOTE44—
When
values
ofac
cumulated
wea
rare
plotted
asord
inates
against
revolutions,
the
slope
of
the
curv
eis
astraightline
for
wea
rthro
ugh
uniform
materials.W
hen
therate
ofwea
rper
100
revolutionsof
the
abrading
disk
isnotuniform
after
the
first200
revolutions,
itis
pro
bab
lydue
toa
chan
ge
inab
rasion
resistan
cewith
dep
thfrom
the
original
surfac
eofthematerialbeing
tested
.
22.4
Rep
ort
22.4.1
Thereport
shallincludethefo
llowing:
22.4.2
Loss
inthicknes
sin
inch
esper
100
revolutions
of
wea
rif
uniform
,an
d
22.4.3
Theloss
inthicknes
sin
inch
esfo
rea
ch100
revolu-
tions
ifthe
amount
of
wea
rch
anges
with
dep
thfrom
the
original.
23.WaterAbsorptionandThicknessSwelling
23.1
Sco
pe
23.1.1
Atest
shall
be
mad
eto
determine
the
water-
abso
rption
charac
teristics
of
pan
els.
For
Method
A(sec
tion
23.5)
the
water
abso
rption
and
thicknes
ssw
elling
are
ex-
pressed
asa
perce
nt
for
the
spec
imen
after
a2-p
lus-22-h
submersion.ForM
ethodB
(sec
tion23.6)thewater
abso
rption
and
thicknes
ssw
elling
are
expressed
asa
perce
nt
for
the
spec
imen
aftera
single
continuoussu
bmersion
time
of24-h
.
Method
A,with
its
initial2-h
submersion
period,pro
vides
info
rmation
on
the
short
term
(2h)an
dlonger
term
(2-p
lus-
22-h
)water
abso
rption
and
thicknes
ssw
elling
perfo
rman
ce.
Bec
ause
MethodA
callsfo
rash
ort
removal
period
after2
h,
the
values
from
Method
Aan
dM
ethod
Bare
notnec
essa
rily
compatible.
23.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
23.2.1
Thetest
spec
imen
shallbe12
by
12
in.(3
05
by
305
mm)or6
by
6in.(1
52
by
152
mm)by
the
thicknes
softhe
materialwith
allfo
ured
ges
smoothly
and
squarely
trim
med
.
23.3
Co
nd
itio
nin
gP
rio
rto
Tes
t
23.3.1
Priorto
the
test,the
test
spec
imen
ssh
allbe
inthe
“dry
”co
nditionin
acco
rdan
cewithse
ction6.3.2.See
Note
45.
NOTE45—
Conditioning
priorto
testing
isnota
common
practice
for
quality
controltesting
and
someother
circumstan
ces.
Ifthesp
ecim
enis
notco
nditioned
tothedefi
ned
param
etersin
section
6.3.2,thedev
iation
from
theco
nditioning
requirem
entsh
allbereported
.
23.4
Wei
gh
t,T
hic
knes
s,a
nd
Vo
lum
eo
fTes
tS
pec
imen
23.4.1
After
conditioning,theweightofthesp
ecim
ensh
all
bemea
suredto
anac
curacy
of
60.2
%.Thewidth,length,an
d
thicknes
softhesp
ecim
ensh
allbemea
suredto
anac
curacy
of
60.3
%to
compute
thevolumeofthesp
ecim
en.Thethicknes
s
shallbemea
suredat
fourpoints
midway
alongea
chside1in.
(25
mm)in
from
theed
geofthesp
ecim
enan
dtheav
erag
eof
thes
efo
ur
mea
suremen
tssh
all
be
use
dfo
rthe
thicknes
s
swelling
determination
(see
Note
46).
NOTE46—
Whereaco
mmon
practiceorsp
ecialco
nsideration
requires
thicknes
sdeterminationsat
theed
georan
other
distance
from
theed
ge,
the
edge
distance
use
dsh
allbe
reported
.Fortextured
surfac
es,the
surfac
earea
ofthe
mea
suring
dev
ice
shallbe
ofsu
fficientdiameter
asnotto
pen
etrate
loca
lize
dinden
tationsofthetextured
surfac
e.
23.5
Met
ho
dA
:2
-Plu
s-2
2-h
Su
bm
ersi
on
inW
ate
r
23.5.1
The
spec
imen
ssh
allbe
submerged
horizo
ntally
un-
der
1in.(2
5mm)ofpotable
water
maintained
atatemperature
of68
62°F
(20
61°C
).See
Note
47.Fresh
water
shallbe
use
dfo
rea
chtest.
After
a2-h
submersion,
susp
end
the
spec
imen
todrain
for10
62
min,then
remove
the
exce
ss
surfac
ewater
and
immed
iately
weigh
thesp
ecim
enan
ddeter-
mine
the
thicknes
sac
cord
ing
tose
ction
23.4.Submerge
the
spec
imen
foran
additional
periodof22han
drepea
ttheab
ove
weighing
and
mea
suring
pro
cedures.
NOTE
47—
Asan
altern
ative
tothe
above
method
ofsu
bmersion,the
spec
imen
smay
besu
bmerged
vertica
lly.
Theam
ounts
ofwater
abso
rbed
for
tests
of
this
duration
are
not
the
same
for
the
two
methods
of
submersion.Spec
imen
ssu
spen
ded
vertica
lly
will
abso
rbco
nsiderab
lymore
water
than
those
susp
ended
horizo
ntally.
Therefore,values
obtained
from
thehorizo
ntalan
dvertica
lmethodsarenotco
mparab
le.
23.6
Met
ho
dB
:S
ing
leC
on
tin
uo
us
24
-hS
ub
mer
sio
nin
Wa
ter
23.6.1
Thepro
cedure
fordeterminingwater
abso
rptionafter
a24-h
submersion
shall
be
the
same
asthat
pro
vided
in
sections
23.2
thro
ugh
23.5,
exce
pt
that
only
two
sets
of
mea
suremen
tsarerequired
,initialan
dafterthe24-h
submer-
sion
period.
23.7
Dry
ing
Aft
erS
ub
mer
sio
n
23.7.1
After
submersion
using
Method
AorB,the
spec
i-
men
ssh
allbedried
inan
oven
at217
64°F
(103
62°C
)to
determinethemoisture
contentin
acco
rdan
cewithTes
tM
eth-
odsD4442.
FIG.23Navy-TypeWearMachineforAbrasionResistanceTestD1037−12
21
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
23.8
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
23.8.1
The
moisture
contentofthe
spec
imen
sbefore
and
aftersu
bmersionsh
allbeca
lculatedbas
edonoven
-dry
weight.
Rep
ort
shall
include
the
size
of
the
spec
imen
san
dthe
des
criptionofthesu
bmersionpro
cedure
(MethodA
orM
ethod
B,horizo
ntalorvertica
lsu
bmersion).
The
amountofwater
abso
rbed
by
the
spec
imen
during
the
submersion
shall
be
calculated
from
the
increa
sein
weightan
dex
pressed
asthe
perce
ntagebyvolumean
dbyweightbas
edonthevolumean
d
the
weight,
resp
ectively,
afterco
nditioning.Assume
the
spe-
cific
gravity
of
the
water
tobe
1.00
for
this
purp
ose
.The
thicknes
ssw
elling
shallbe
reported
asa
perce
ntage
of
the
conditioned
thicknes
s.
24.LinearExpansionwithChangein
Moisture
Content
24.1
Sco
pe
24.1.1
Tes
tsoflinea
rex
pan
sion
with
chan
ges
inmoisture
contentsh
allbemad
eto
mea
sure
thedim
ensional
stab
ility
of
apan
elwith
chan
gein
moisture
content.
24.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
24.2.1
Thetest
spec
imen
ssh
allbe3
in.(7
6mm)in
width
andat
leas
t12in.(3
05mm)in
length
withtheed
ges
smoothly
andsq
uarelytrim
med
.If
thepan
elis
notlarg
een
oughto
permit
a12-in.(3
05-m
m)sp
ecim
en,the
max
imum
length
possible
shallbe
use
d,butit
shallbe
atleas
t6
in.(1
52
mm).
Two
spec
imen
ssh
allbecu
tfrom
each
pan
el,onesp
ecim
enwiththe
long
side
parallelto
the
long
dim
ension
ofthe
pan
elan
dthe
other
spec
imen
—perpen
dicular.
24.3
Pro
ced
ure
24.3.1
Spec
imen
ssh
allbeco
nditioned
topractical
equilib-
rium
(see
Note
48)at
arelativehumidity
of50
62%
and
a
temperature
of68
66°F
(20
63°C
)an
dthe
length
ofea
ch
spec
imen
shallbemea
suredto
thenea
rest
0.001in.(0
.02mm).
Then
the
spec
imen
ssh
allbe
conditioned
topractical
equilib-
rium
atarelativehumidity
of90
65%
and
atemperature
of
68
66°F
(20
63°C
)an
dthelength
shallbemea
sured
again
tothenea
rest
0.001
in.(0
.02
mm).
See
Notes49
and
50.For
each
mea
suremen
tthesp
ecim
ensh
allbeorien
ted
inthesa
me
way
(forex
ample,numbered
surfac
eupwithnumbersread
ing
from
thesidetoward
theoperator).See
Note
51.
NOTE48—
Practical
equilibrium
isdefi
ned
asthestateoftime-ch
angein
weightwherefo
rpractical
purp
ose
sthesp
ecim
enis
neither
gaining
nor
losingmoisture
contentmore
than
0.05weightperce
ntin
a24-h
period.It
ishelpfu
lin
determining
the
end
pointin
conditioning
toplotweight
chan
geag
ainst
time.
When
thecu
rvebec
omes
asymptoticto
ahorizo
ntal
line,
practical
equilibrium
isindicated
.N
OTE
49—
Where
values
of
linea
rch
ange
with
chan
ge
inmoisture
contentas
sociated
withex
posu
reto
agreater
humiditych
angearedes
ired
,eq
uilibrium
atarelativehumidityof30
61%
may
beuse
dfo
rthelower
humidity
condition
rather
than
the
50%
spec
ified
inthis
section.The
report
shallstate
the
actual
humidity
conditionsuse
d.W
hen
the
chan
ge
betwee
n30
and
90%
relative
humidity
isdes
ired
,it
issu
gges
ted
the
spec
imen
sbeprepared
inpairs,co
nditioned
at50%
relativehumidity,
and
then
onesp
ecim
enofea
chpairbeco
nditioned
at90%
relativehumidity
and
theother
at30%
relativehumidity.
NOTE
50—
Certain
wood
pro
ducts
experience
difficu
lty
reac
hing
aneq
uilibrium
moisture
contentwhen
expose
dto
90%
relative
humidity,
mak
ingthestan
dard50to
90%
relativehumiditytest
methodunreliab
le.
As
analtern
ative
tothe
stan
dard
90%
upper
relative
humidity
level,
equilibrium
at80
63%
may
be
use
d.The
coefficien
tofvariability
for
linea
rex
pan
sion
tested
with
an80%
upper
relative
humidity
should
be
less
than
that
ofthe
90%
relative
humidity
test
bec
ause
ofthe
smaller
allowab
lerangein
endpointrelativehumidityan
dthepossible
difference
sin
hygro
expan
sivity
ofa
given
materialbetwee
n80
and
90%
relative
humidity.
NOTE51—
Figs.
24an
d25pro
videdetails
ofadialgag
eco
mparatorthat
may
be
use
dfo
rmea
suring
linea
rex
pan
sion
with
chan
ge
inmoisture
content.
Any
equally
ormore
accu
rate
mea
suremen
tpro
cedure
may
be
use
d.
24.4
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
24.4.1
The
linea
rex
pan
sion
with
chan
ge
inmoisture
con-
tentsh
allbereported
astheperce
ntagech
angein
length
bas
ed
on
the
length
at50%
relative
humidity.
The
report
shall
includetheco
nditionsuse
d.W
hen
chan
gein
length
from
30to
90%
(or30to
80%
)relativehumidityis
des
ired
,this
may
be
estimated
with
sufficientac
curacy
by
adding
the
chan
ges
in
length
betwee
n50an
d90%
(or50an
d80%
)an
d50an
d30%
relativehumidity.
25.CuppingandTwisting
25.1
Sco
pe
25.1.1
When
required
,mea
suremen
tsofcu
ppingan
dtw
ist-
ing
shallbemad
eafterac
celerated
aging
(see
Sec
tion
7).
25.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
25.2.1
The
test
spec
imen
shallbe
12-in.(3
05-m
m)sq
uare
by
thethicknes
softhematerialwith
allfo
ured
ges
smoothly
and
squarely
trim
med
.The
dim
ensionsofthe
spec
imen
shall
bemea
sured
toan
accu
racy
of
60.3
%.
25.3
Pro
ced
ure
25.3.1
Cupping
shallbe
determined
by
placing
astraight-
edgeac
ross
opposite
edges
ofthesp
ecim
en,an
dmea
suringthe
max
imum
distance
totheco
nca
veface
tothenea
rest
0.001in.
(0.02
mm).
25.3.2
Twisting
shallbe
determined
by
placing
the
spec
i-
men
withthreeco
rnerstouch
ingalevel
surfac
ean
dmea
suring
thedistance
from
theraised
corn
erto
thesu
rfac
eto
thenea
rest
0.001
in.(0
.02
mm).
25.4
Rep
ort
25.4.1
The
report
shallinclude
the
size
ofsp
ecim
ensan
d
nec
essa
rydetails
regarding
methods
and
resu
lts
ofmea
sure-
men
ts.
26.InterlaminarShear
26.1
Sco
pe
26.1.1
Tes
tsin
interlam
inar
shea
r(shea
rin
theplaneofthe
pan
el)sh
allbemad
eon
spec
imen
sbonded
betwee
ntw
ostee
l
load
ing
plates
load
edin
compression
on
the
edge
toobtain
FIG.24DialGageComparatorforDeterm
iningLinearExpansion
withChangein
Moisture
Content
D1037−12
22
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
shea
rstrength
and
deform
ation
pro
perties
of
the
pan
el.To
evaluatedirec
tional
pro
perties
,an
equal
number
ofsp
ecim
ens
shallbetested
withtheirlong-axis
parallelan
dperpen
dicularto
thelong-axis
ofthepan
el.
26.2
Sig
nifi
can
cea
nd
Use
26.2.1
Shea
rpro
perties
inthe
plane
of
the
pan
el(inter-
laminar
shea
r)duplica
tethekindofsh
earstress
enco
unteredin
such
glued
stru
cturalas
semblies
asstru
cturalsa
ndwiches
and
adjace
ntto
gluelines
betwee
nflan
ges
and
web
sin
box-b
eams
and
I-bea
msan
dgusset
platesin
trusses
.Thepro
cedure
use
d
followsclose
lytherequirem
ents
ofTes
tM
ethod
C273.W
hile
itap
paren
tly
yields
values
inthe
same
plane
asthe
“block
shea
r”test
ofSec
tion
20,values
obtained
arenotco
mparab
le
bec
ause
ofeffectsoffrictionin
theblock
shea
rtoolan
dthefact
that
failure
inthe
block
shea
rtest
can
only
occ
urin
a1⁄8-in.
(3-m
m)thick
area
inthe
middle
ofthe
spec
imen
.The
inter-
laminar
shea
rstrength
test
offersthead
ditional
advan
tagethat
shea
rdeform
ation
dataca
nbeobtained
when
des
irab
le.
26.3
Tes
tS
pec
imen
26.3.1
Theinterlam
inar
shea
rtestssh
allbemad
eon
spec
i-
men
s2
by
6in.(5
1by
152
mm)
by
the
thicknes
sof
the
material,
when
the
pan
elmaterial
is1⁄2
in.
(12.5
mm)
in
thicknes
sorless.Formaterials
greater
than
1⁄2-in.(1
2.5-m
m)
thick,the
spec
imen
shallhav
ea
width
ofat
leas
ttw
ice
the
thicknes
sbutnotless
than
2in.(5
1mm)an
dalength
atleas
t
12
times
the
thicknes
s(see
Note
51).
The
edges
of
the
spec
imen
shallbe
sawn
square
and
smooth.The
length
and
width
shall
be
mea
sured
toan
accu
racy
of
60.3
%.
The
thicknes
ssh
allbemea
suredto
anac
curacy
of0.001in.(0
.025
mm).
26.3.2
Steel
load
ing
plates
3⁄4-in.(1
9-m
m)thick,hav
ing
a
width
equal
tothe
spec
imen
width
and
alength
equal
tothe
spec
imen
length
plus
1⁄4
in.(7
mm)sh
allbe
bonded
toea
ch
face
of
the
spec
imen
assh
own
inFig.
26
using
suitab
le
adhes
ive
(see
Note
20).
The
load
ing
endsofthe
platessh
all
pro
ject
1⁄4in.(7
mm)bey
ondtheen
dofthesp
ecim
enan
dthey
shallbebev
eled
at45°an
dorien
ted
assh
own.Use
minim
um
spread
san
dex
trem
eca
rewhen
applying
adhes
ive
topreven
t
infu
sing
into
thesp
ecim
enan
dthusreinfo
rcing
thepan
el.
NOTE52—
Alength
ratio
of12:1
ispresc
ribed
asa
minim
um
sothat
seco
ndary
norm
alstresses
areminim
al.
26.4
Pro
ced
ure
26.4.1
The
load
shallbe
applied
thro
ugh
notched
fittings
such
that
thelineofac
tionofthedirec
tco
mpressivefo
rcesh
all
pas
sesthro
ughthediagonally
opposite
corn
ersofthesp
ecim
en
assh
own
inFig.26.The
lower
fitting
shallbe
place
don
a
spherical
bea
ringblock
assh
ownin
Fig.27so
that
theload
is
uniform
lydistributed
acro
ssthewidth
ofthesp
ecim
en.
26.5
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
26.5.1
The
load
shallbe
applied
continuously
thro
ughout
thetest
atauniform
rate
ofmotion
ofthemovab
lecrosshea
d
ofthetesting
mac
hineeq
ual
to0.002
times
thelength
in./min
(mm/m
in)
650%
.See
Note
13.
26.6
Lo
ad
-Def
orm
ati
on
Da
ta
26.6.1
When
shea
rmodulus
isrequired
,data
forplotting
load
-deform
ationcu
rves
canbeobtained
byusingthearrange-
men
tsh
own
inFig.27,which
mea
suresthe
displace
men
tof
one
plate
with
resp
ect
tothe
other.
Displace
men
tca
nbe
mea
sured
by
thedialgag
eormicro
form
er.
NOTE1—
1in.=
25.4
mm.
FIG.25DetailsofDialGageComparatorforMeasuringLinearExpansionwithChangein
Moisture
Content
D1037−12
23
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
26.7
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
26.7.1
Theinterlam
inar
shea
rstrength
and,when
required
,
the
interlam
inar
shea
rmodulus
shallbe
calculated
forea
ch
spec
imen
inac
cord
ance
with
thefo
llowing
equations,
and
the
values
determined
shallbeincluded
inthereport:
f s5
Pm
ax
bL
(14)
G5
d bL
∆P
∆y
(15)
where:
b=
width
ofsp
ecim
enmea
sured
indry
condition,in.
(mm),
d=
thicknes
sofsp
ecim
enmea
suredin
dry
condition,in.
(mm),
f s=
interlam
inar
shea
rstrength,psi
(MPa),
G=
interlam
inar
shea
rmodulus,
psi
(MPa),
L=
length
ofsp
ecim
enmea
sured
indry
condition,in.
(mm),
Pm
ax
=max
imum
load
,lbf(N
),an
d∆
P⁄∆
y=
slope
of
the
straight
line
portion
of
the
load
-
deform
ationcu
rve(see
Note
17an
dNote
53),
lbf/in.
(N/m
m).
NOTE53—
Eq15as
sumes
that
thestrainsin
theload
ingplatesan
din
the
bond
betwee
ntheplatesan
dthesp
ecim
enareneg
ligible.
26.7.2
Ase
cantmodulusmay
beca
lculatedfo
rdatathat
do
nothav
ean
initialstraight-line
relationsh
ip.Then
(∆P/∆
y)is
theslopeofthese
cantoftheload
-deform
ationcu
rvein
agiven
range.
Themethod
use
dto
determinesh
earmodulussh
allbe
reported
.
27.Edgew
iseShear
27.1
Sco
pe
27.1.1
Tes
tsin
edgew
isesh
ear(shea
rnorm
alto
theplaneof
thepan
el,orpan
elsh
ear)
shallbemad
eonsp
ecim
ensclam
ped
betwee
ntw
opairs
of
stee
lload
ing
rails.
Thes
erails
when
load
edin
axialco
mpression
ortension
introduce
shea
rfo
rces
inthe
spec
imen
that
pro
duce
failuresac
ross
the
pan
el.W
ith
most
pan
elmaterials,failure
isa
combination
of
diagonal
tensionan
dco
mpression.Toev
aluatedirec
tional
pro
perties
,an
equal
number
ofsp
ecim
enssh
allbetested
withtheirlong-axis
parallelan
dperpen
dicularto
thelong-axis
ofthepan
el.
27.2
Sig
nifi
can
cea
nd
Use
27.2.1
This
test
pro
duce
sthekindofsh
earstress
that
occ
urs
when
shea
rfo
rces
are
introduce
dalong
the
edges
of
the
material.Theusu
alap
plica
tionsarewherethepan
elis
use
das
shea
thing
and
rack
ing
forces
are
involved
.W
hen
pan
elarea
s
arelarg
ewithresp
ectto
thicknes
s,buck
lingmay
occ
urdueto
diagonal
compressive
forces
.W
hen
this
isso
,ac
tual
pan
el
shea
rstrength
may
belower
than
determined
from
this
test.
27.3
Tes
tS
pec
imen
27.3.1
Eac
hsp
ecim
en,31⁄2by10in.(8
9by254mm)bythe
thicknes
softhematerial,sh
allbeprepared
assh
ownin
Fig.28.
Thethicknes
san
dlength
ofthesp
ecim
ensh
allbemea
suredto
anac
curacy
of
60.3
%.
27.4
Pro
ced
ure
27.4.1
The
load
shallbe
applied
ineither
tension
orco
m-
pressionsu
chthat
thelineofac
tionoftheap
plied
forcepas
ses
FIG.26DetailofSpecimenandLoadingApparatusforDeterm
in-
ingInterlaminarShearingProperties
FIG.27TestAssemblyforDeterm
iningInterlaminarShearing
Properties,ShowingDialGageApparatusforMeasuring
ShearDisplacement
D1037−12
24
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
thro
ugh
diagonally
opposite
corn
ersofa
1-in.(2
5-m
m)wide
by10-in.(2
54-m
m)longsh
eararea
.The11⁄4in.(3
2mm)width
on
either
sideofthesh
eararea
shallbeuse
dto
grip
thepan
el
using
friction.See
Note
54.
NOTE54—
This
test
pro
cedure
isco
mmonly
exec
uted
using
pneu
matic
orhydraulic
gripping
dev
ices
thro
ugh
which
atension
force
isap
plied
acro
ssthe
shea
rarea
.As
analtern
ative,
the
bolted
grips
such
asthose
pictured
inFig.29
may
beuse
d.Thes
egripsuse
harden
edstee
lload
ing
railswith
serrated
gripping
surfac
esan
darebolted
tothesp
ecim
enwith
eight3⁄8-in(1
0mm)high-stren
gth
bolts.
Theboltsaretightened
topreven
ttherailsfrom
slippingwhen
theload
isap
plied
soas
toav
oid
bolt-b
earing
failuresin
thepan
elmaterial.
Thepressure
nec
essa
ryto
preven
tslipping
willdep
end
upon
theden
sity
ofthematerial.
Inord
erto
obtain
sufficient
grippingpressure
when
testingso
melow-d
ensity
pan
els,
ace
rtainam
ount
ofcrush
ingofthesp
ecim
enben
eath
theload
ingrailsis
unav
oidab
le.The
lower
fitting
isplace
don
a
spher
ical
bea
ring
blo
ckso
that
the
load
isappli
edunif
orm
ly.
The
upper
fitt
ing
isposi
tioned
dir
ectl
yabove
the
low
erfitt
ing;
thus
the
dir
ect
com
pre
ssiv
efo
rce
isappli
edve
rtic
all
yas
show
nin
.
27.5
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g
27.5.1
The
load
shallbe
applied
continuously
thro
ughout
thetest
atauniform
rate
ofmotion
ofthemovab
lecrosshea
d
ofthetesting
mac
hineof0.02
in./min
(0.5
mm/m
in)
650%
.
See
Note
13.
27.6
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
27.6.1
The
edgew
ise
shea
rstrength
shallbe
calculated
for
each
spec
imen
inac
cord
ance
with
thefo
llowing
form
ula,an
d
thevalues
determined
shallbeincluded
inthereport:
f s5
Pm
ax
dL
(16)
where:
d=
thicknes
sofsp
ecim
enmea
suredin
dry
condition,in.
(mm),
f s=
edgew
isesh
earstrength,psi
(MPa),
L=
length
ofsp
ecim
enmea
sured
indry
condition,in.
(mm),
and
FIG.28DetailofEdgewiseShearSpecimen
FIG.29DetailofLoadingRailsUsedwithEdgewise
ShearSpecimen
D1037−12
25
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
Pm
ax
=max
imum
compressiveload
,lbf(N
).
27.6.2
Rep
ort
shallincludethedes
criptionoftest
apparatus,
direc
tion
ofload
ing
(compression
ortension),
and
calculated
values
.Thekind
offailure
shallalso
bedes
cribed
.
28.Compression-Shear
28.1
Sco
pe
28.1.1
This
test
des
tructively
determines
the
compressive-
shea
rstrength
ofapan
elsp
ecim
enwithoutgluingorclam
ping.
Itpro
vides
anindication
of
the
bond
quality
of
amaterial
subjected
tosh
eardeform
ation,which
correlates
tothetensile
strength
perpen
dicular-to-surfac
e(intern
albond)test
(Sec
tion
11). 28.1.2
Itis
appro
priatefo
rsp
ecim
ensfrom
1⁄4
in.(6
.4mm)
to15⁄16in.(3
3.3
mm)in
thicknes
sif
thepan
elex
hibitssu
fficient
compressive
strength
perpen
dicularto
the
surfac
eso
that
the
primarymodeoffailure
issh
earin
aplanenea
rlyparallelto
the
surfac
e.
28.1.3
The
spec
imen
may
be
tested
with
the
shea
rstress
applied
parallelorperpen
dicularto
thepan
ellength,orat
any
angle
inbetwee
n.
28.2
Su
mm
ary
of
Tes
tM
eth
od
28.2.1
Thetest
employstheprinciple
that
anax
iallyload
ed
column
dev
elopsmax
imum
shea
rstress
atan
angle
45°to
the
direc
tion
ofan
applied
compressive
load
.A
short
columnar
asse
mbly
ofupper
andlower
sections,
towhichaco
mpressive
load
isap
plied
ata
uniform
rate,is
form
edby
placing
a
spec
imen
betwee
nfriction
surfac
esofmating
shea
rjawsthat
are
orien
ted
at45°
tothe
axis
of
the
column
(Fig.
31).
Componen
tsof
the
applied
load
subject
the
spec
imen
to
compression
stress
perpen
dicular
tothe
surfac
e,an
dsh
ear
stress
parallelto
thesu
rfac
eofthesp
ecim
en.Thesh
earjaws
can
be
adjusted
sothat
the
applied
load
isalway
sdirec
ted
thro
ughthegeo
metricce
nterofthetest
spec
imen
.Thesu
rfac
es
of
the
jaws
are
des
igned
totran
sfer
the
shea
rfo
rce
tothe
spec
imen
.Rem
ovab
lerestrainingbars,
oneontheupper
endof
the
upper-shea
rjaw,an
done
on
the
lower
end
ofthe
lower-
shea
rjaw
position
thesp
ecim
enfo
rtesting,an
dalso
tran
smit
somesh
earif
tran
sfer
by
thejaw
surfac
esis
inco
mplete.The
bas
eof
the
lower
section
of
the
test
column
rides
on
a
journ
aled
-roller
asse
mbly
that
permits
unrestrained
lateral
movem
entto
occ
uras
shea
rstrain
dev
elops.
Ahem
ispherical-
pivotpointis
attach
edto
thetopoftheupper
sectionofthetest
column
toen
able
unev
enly
thick
orim
pro
perly
cutsp
ecim
ens
with
slightdim
ensional
variationsto
be
tested
withoutmodi-
fica
tion.
28.3
Sig
nifi
can
cea
nd
Use
28.3.1
Theintentoftheco
mpression-shea
rtest
methodis
to
pro
videaquick,simple,repro
ducible,an
dquan
titativelyac
cu-
rate
mea
nsfo
rmea
suring
thebond
quality
ofpan
elpro
ducts.
28.3.2
Pan
elpro
duce
rsca
nuse
itto
monitorqualityco
ntrol,
andse
condaryman
ufacturers
andrese
arch
ersca
nev
aluatethe
relativestrength
ofpan
elswith
similar
particlegeo
metries
.
28.3.3
Theresu
ltsoftheco
mpressionsh
eartest
canbeuse
d
direc
tly
asa
mea
sure
ofbond
quality,
orthe
resu
ltsmay
be
correlated
,usingap
pro
priatestatistica
lpro
cedures,
tothose
of
the
tensile
strength
perpen
dicular-to-surfac
etest
outlined
in
Sec
tion
11.
28.4
Inte
rfer
ence
s
28.4.1
The
configuration
of
the
test
spec
imen
resu
lts
in
some
non-u
niform
ity
ofstress
acro
ssan
dthro
ugh
the
spec
i-
men
.Thus,
the
plane
of
max
imum
shea
ris
not
precise
ly
FIG.31PrincipleofCompression-ShearTest
D1037−12
26
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
parallelto
thepan
elface
.Howev
er,resu
ltsco
rrelatewellwith
theco
mmonmethodofev
aluatingbondqualityas
spec
ified
in
Sec
tion
11.
28.4.2
Shea
rfailure
should
occ
urnea
rthe
centerplane
of
thesp
ecim
en.W
hen
shea
rfailure
occ
urs
on,ornea
rthesu
rfac
e
ofthesp
ecim
en,it
may
notbeindicativeofapoorly
bonded
face
,since
stress
conce
ntrationsat
theinterfac
eofthebar,an
d
spec
imen
may
initiate
unwarranted
failure.
28.4.3
When
shea
rfailure
occ
urs
atornea
rthesp
ecim
en’s
surfac
e,averifi
cationtest
withareprese
ntativesp
ecim
ensh
all
be
conducted
asdirec
ted
inSec
tion
11
todetermine
ifthe
surfac
eis
actually
thewea
kes
tplane.
28.4.4
Pan
eltypes
hav
ing
differentparticle
geo
metries
or
orien
tations,
butthe
same
tensile
strength
perpen
dicular-to-
surfac
evalues
(Sec
tion
11),
may
hav
edifferentco
mpression-
shea
rvalues
.Therefore,it
may
benec
essa
ryfo
rea
chuse
rto
dev
elop
spec
ificco
rrelationsfo
rea
chpan
eltypeto
betested
.
28.4.5
Particles
aligned
perpen
dicular
tothe
shea
rfo
rce
may
fail
inro
lling
shea
r,determined
by
wood
strength,not
bond
strength.
28.4.6
When
bond
strength
oforien
ted
strand
board
(OSB)
isdes
ired
,thetest
spec
imen
shallbecu
tso
that
theorien
tation
ofalllayersofthesp
ecim
enis
aligned
at45°to
thesh
earfo
rce.
28.5
Ap
pa
ratu
s
28.5.1
Theco
mpression-shea
rtest
apparatusco
nsistsofthe
compression-shea
rdev
ice,
illustrated
inFig.
32,
and
any
mac
hine
(see
Note
55)
that
can
apply
aco
mpressive
force
mea
surable
within
62%
accu
racy
ata
rate
that
willdev
elop
5000lbf(2
2000N)within
46
2s,
when
platensorcrosshea
d
and
load
cell
arein
contact
with
a57⁄8-in.(1
49-m
m)diameter
7⁄8-in.(2
2-m
m)orthicker
stee
lplate.
NOTE
55—
Experience
indicates
that
amac
hine
with
a5000
lbfload
capac
itysh
ould
besu
fficientfo
rtestingco
mmercially
pro
duce
dco
mmod-
ity
pan
eltypes
.Howev
er,high
strength
experim
ental,
orsp
ecialty-p
anel
types
may
requireamac
hineca
pac
ity
ofup
to10
000
lbf.
28.6
Tes
tS
pec
imen
28.6.1
Tes
tsp
ecim
ensh
allbea2
61⁄16-in.(5
16
1.6-m
m)
widerectan
gle
with
alled
ges
trim
med
smoothly
and
squarely.
The
length,
61⁄16
in.
(61.6
mm),
shall
be
determined
in
acco
rdan
cewith
thicknes
sas
listed
inTab
le2.
28.6.2
Asp
ecim
enthat
isto
betested
inasw
ollen
statemay
becu
tbefore
oraftersw
elling.Forasp
ecim
ento
betested
in
thesw
ollen
statean
dcu
tpriorto
swelling,thethicknes
softhe
spec
imen
asit
willbe
tested
shallbe
anticipated
inord
erto
establish
spec
imen
length.To
compen
sate
foran
yan
ticipated
chan
gein
length,thelength
shallbeincrea
sedordec
reas
edby
theam
ountofthean
ticipated
chan
ge.
28.6.3
Individual
agen
cies
pro
mulgating
the
compression-
shea
rtest
asaqualityco
ntroltest
shalldec
idewhat
methodof
wetting
shallbeap
pro
priate.
Otherwise,
use
rssh
alldec
idethe
appro
priatemethod,an
dsh
allincludeit
inreport.
28.6.4
The
length,width,thicknes
s,an
dweightof
each
spec
imen
shallbe
mea
sured
priorto
test
toan
accu
racy
of
60.3
%.
28.7
Pro
ced
ure
28.7.1
Symmetrica
lly
position
the
upper-an
dlower-shea
r
jaws,
with
restraining
barsattach
ed,so
that
the
applied
force
will
be
direc
ted
thro
ugh
the
geo
metric
center
of
the
test
spec
imen
.
28.7.2
2The
correc
tpositioning
of
asp
ecim
enca
nbe
chec
ked
by
marking,an
daligning
the
spec
imen
asfo
llows:
Use
a45/90°sq
uareto
determinethegeo
metricce
nterofthe
longed
geofthesp
ecim
enan
ddraw
two45°lines
thro
ughthis
pointto
form
anX.
28.7.3
Place
the
test
spec
imen
flush
against
the
lower-
restrainingbar
andsh
earjaw,an
dpositionthelower-shea
rjaw
sothat
theindicatorlineonthelower-angle
support
isaligned
with
the
vertica
lline
on
the
test
spec
imen
;then
position
the
upper-shea
rjaw
sothat
the
indicatorline
ofthe
upper-angle
FIG.32Compression-ShearDevice
TABLE2SpecimenLength
asaFunctionofThickness
A
ThicknessRange,in.(mm)
Length,in.(mm)
0.250to0.312
(6.35to7.93)
2.000
(50.80)
0.313to0.437
(7.94to11.10)
2.125
(53.98)
0.438to0.562
(11.11to14.28)
2.250
(57.15)
0.563to0.687
(14.29to17.45)
2.375
(60.33)
0.688to0.812
(17.46to20.63)
2.500
(63.50)
0.813to0.937
(20.64to23.80)
2.625
(66.68)
0.938to1.062
(23.81to26.98)
2.750
(69.85)
1.063to1.187
(26.99to30.15)
2.875
(73.03)
1.188to1.312
(30.16to33.32)
3.000
(76.20)
AThethicknessatthetimeoftestingisthebasisforestablishinglength.For
example,aspecimen0.520-in.(13.21-mm)thickshallbe2.250-in.(57.2-mm)
long.Ininstanceswherethethicknessvariationofagroupofsimilarspecimens
woulddictatecuttingspecimensofdifferentlengths,thelengthofallspecimensin
thegroupshallbegovernedbythethickestspecimen.Forexample,inagroup
composedoftwospecimensthatindividuallymeasure0.410and0.465-in.(10.4
and11.8-mm)thick,eachspecimenshallbe2.250-in.(57.2-mm)long.
D1037−12
27
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
support
isaligned
withthesa
melineonthetest
spec
imen
when
each
shea
rjaw’s
face
andrestrainingbar
areflush
withthetest
spec
imen
,as
illustrated
inFig.33.
28.7.4
Position
theco
mpression-shea
rdev
icein
thetesting
mac
hinethat
willap
ply
theco
mpressiveload
.
28.7.5
Place
atest
spec
imen
inthedev
ice;
apply
aco
mpres-
sive
load
atthe
rate
spec
ified
inse
ction
28.5,an
dreco
rdthe
max
imum
load
tofailure.
28.8
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
28.8.1
Assume
that
the
shea
rarea
isthe
pro
duct
of
the
mea
suredlength
andwidth
dim
ensions,
even
when
theplaneof
failure
isnotparallelto
thesu
rfac
e.
28.8.2
Calcu
late
themax
imum
shea
rstress
forea
chsp
eci-
men
inac
cord
ance
with
thefo
llowing
equation:
τ5
Pm
ax
=2
bd
(17)
where:
b=
width
ofthesp
ecim
en,in.(m
m),
d=
length
ofthesp
ecim
en,in.(m
m),
Pm
ax
=max
imum
load
,lbf(N
),an
dτ
=max
imum-shea
rstress,psi
(MPa).
28.8.3
Thereport
shallincludethefo
llowing:
28.8.4
Thebrand
nam
ean
dmodel
number
ofthemac
hine
use
dto
apply
the
compressive
load
,an
dhow
the
load
was
delivered
,that
is,thro
ugh
man
ual
ormotorize
dap
plica
tion.
28.8.5
The
actual
length,
width,
and
thicknes
sof
the
spec
imen
,in.(m
m).
28.8.6
Theorien
tationofpan
ellength,ormac
hinedirec
tion
tothedirec
tion
ofsh
earstress.
28.8.7
Spec
ialco
nditionsoftest,if
any
(see
28.6.3).
28.8.8
Themax
imum
load
,lbf(N
).
28.8.9
The
max
imum
shea
rstress,
psi
(MPa)
for
each
spec
imen
asca
lculated
inse
ction
28.8.2.
28.8.10
The
perce
nt
moisture
content
attime
of
test
as
determined
inac
cord
ance
with
section
8.4.
PART
B—ACCEPTANCEANDSPECIFICATIO
NTEST
METHODSFORHARDBOARD
29.TestPanel
29.1
Atest
pan
elofminim
um
dim
ensionsof40
by
48
in.
(1.0
by
1.2
m)sh
allbe
sawn
forea
chtest
pan
elwhen
ever
possible.The48-in.dim
ensionofthetest
pan
elsh
allbeac
ross
the
longer
dim
ension
ofthe
pan
elas
itis
usu
ally
obtained
.
When
the
test
pan
els
are
less
than
40
by
48
in.in
size
,a
sufficientnumber
ofpan
elssh
allbese
lected
forea
chtest
series
toyield
theeq
uivalen
tnumber
ofsp
ecim
ens,
assh
ownin
Fig.
34.
30.TestSpecimens
30.1
Spec
imen
ssh
allbesa
wnfrom
thetest
pan
el,as
shown
inFig.34,ex
ercising
care
sothat
edges
arestraight,
smooth,
and
square,
and
sothat
endsan
dsides
are
mutually
perpen
-
dicularto
each
other.
31.Conditioning
31.1
Exce
ptin
case
ofdisputes,
test
allsp
ecim
ens
atthe
moisture
contentas
shipped
orrece
ived
.In
case
sofdispute,
conditionthesp
ecim
ensto
aco
nstan
tweightpriorto
testing,at
arelativehumidityof50
62%
andatemperature
of72
62°F
(22
61°C
).
32.Thickness
32.1
Ap
pa
ratu
s
32.1.1
Any
thicknes
smea
suring
instru
men
ton
which
the
contacting
surfac
esare
flat
and
hav
ea
minim
um
diameter
of
7⁄16
in.(11
mm)
shallbe
use
d.Pressure
on
the
contacting
surfac
essh
allbenotless
than
7psi
(48
kPa)
norgreater
than
12
psi
(83
kPa),
and
the
instru
men
tsh
all
be
such
that
determinations
of
thicknes
sare
accu
rate
to0.001
in.(0
.02
mm).
32.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
32.2.1
Twelve
3by
6-in.
(76
by
152-m
m)
modulus-of-
rupture
spec
imen
s,as
spec
ified
inse
ction
33.2,sh
allbe
use
d
forthedeterminationsofthicknes
s.
32.3
Pro
ced
ure
32.3.1
Mea
sure
the
thicknes
sat
two
points
on
each
spec
i-
men
appro
xim
ately1in.(2
5mm)in
from
thece
nterofthelong
edges
tothenea
rest
0.001
in.(0
.02
mm).
32.4
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
32.4.1
Rep
ort
theav
erag
ethicknes
softhetw
elvesp
ecim
ens
forea
chtest
pan
elto
thenea
rest
0.001
in.(0
.02
mm).
FIG.33ProperPositioningofTestSpecimenandShearJawson
AngleSupports
D1037−12
28
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
33.ModulusofRupture
33.1
Ap
pa
ratu
s
33.1.1
Tes
tin
gM
ach
ine—
Anystan
dardtestingmac
hine(see
Note
1)ca
pab
leofap
plying
and
mea
suring
the
load
with
an
erro
rnotto
exce
ed6
1.0
%,as
pro
vided
inPractices
E4.
33.1.2
Sp
an
an
dS
up
po
rts—
The
span
shallbe
4in.(1
02
mm)
from
center
toce
nter
of
the
supports
when
testing
nominal
thicknes
sesnotless
than
1⁄10in.(2
.5mm)norgreater
than
3⁄8in.(9
.5mm).
Forthicknes
sesless
than
1⁄10in.asp
anof
2in.(5
1mm)sh
allbe
use
d.The
supportsan
dload
ing
block
shallbero
unded
toaradiusofnotless
than
3⁄16in.(5
mm)nor
more
than
3⁄8
in.(1
0mm)an
dsh
allbeat
leas
t3
in.(7
6mm)
long.
33.2
Tes
tS
pec
imen
33.2.1
Thetest
spec
imen
shallbe3by6in.(7
6by152mm)
by
the
thicknes
softhe
pan
el.Six
spec
imen
swith
the
long
dim
ensionparallelan
dsixsp
ecim
enswiththelongdim
ension
perpen
dicularto
thelongdim
ensionofthepan
elsh
allbetaken
fortesting,as
shown
inFig.34.
33.3
Pro
ced
ure
33.3.1
Th
ickn
ess—
Thethicknes
sofea
chsp
ecim
ensh
allbe
mea
sured
tothe
nea
rest
0.001
in.
(0.025
mm)
using
the
apparatusan
dpro
cedure
spec
ified
inSec
tion
34.
33.3.2
Wid
th—
The
width
ofea
chsp
ecim
ensh
allbe
mea
-
sured
tothe
nea
rest
0.01
in.(0
.25
mm)at
the
line
ofload
applica
tion.
33.3.3
Lo
ad
Ap
pli
cati
on
—The
spec
imen
shallbe
centered
flatwiseontheparallelsu
pports.
Thesp
ecim
ensh
allbeplace
d
fortestingso
that
thesc
reen
,orro
ughside,
orbac
ksu
rfac
eof
sanded
two
side
(S2S)pan
elswhen
itca
nbe
determined
,is
place
din
tension.
33.3.4
Sp
eed
of
Tes
tin
g—
Theload
shallbeap
plied
continu-
ouslyat
midsp
anat
anap
pro
xim
atelyuniform
rate
ofmotionof
the
movab
lecrosshea
dsu
chthat
the
outerfiber
strain
rate
is
0.02in./in./min
(0.02mm/m
m/m
in).
Therate
ofmotionofthe
crosshea
dsh
allbe
calculated
inac
cord
ance
with
Eq
1.See
Notes56an
d57.Thecrosshea
dsp
eed,ad
justed
forthicknes
s,
shallnotvary
by
more
than
650%
from
that
spec
ified
fora
given
test.Thesp
eed
oftesting
shallbereco
rded
on
thedata
shee
t.
NOTE
56—
Bas
edon
Eq
1,the
calculated
spee
dofthe
crosshea
dto
achievean
outerfiber
strain
rate
of0.02
in./in./min
isap
pro
xim
ately:
0.13in./min(3.3mm/
min)
for1⁄10-in.(2.5-mm)thickness,2-in.(51-mm)
span
0.14in./min(3.6mm/
min)
for3⁄8-in.(9.5-mm)thickness,4-in.(102-mm)
span
NOTE
57—
This
spee
dis
the
differential
spee
dbetwee
nthe
moving
crosshea
dan
dthesu
pports.
33.3.5
Theload
shallbeap
plied
untildefi
nitefailure
occ
urs.
Themax
imum
load
shallbereco
rded
toac
curacy
ofthetesting
mac
hine.
33.4
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
33.4.1
Themodulusofru
pture
shallbeca
lculated
forea
ch
spec
imen
inac
cord
ance
with
thefo
llowing
equation:
Rb5
3P
maxL
2bd2
(18)
Modulusofrupture(R)—twelve3by6in.(76by152mm)
Tensionparalleltosurface(T)—four2by10in.(51by254mm)
Tensionperpendiculartosurface(B)—three2by2in.(51by51mm)
Waterabsorptionandswelling( W)—one12by12in.(304by304mm)
NOTE1—
Thesu
ffix
numbersmay
beuse
dto
iden
tify
individual
spec
imen
sby
loca
tion
and
toreco
rdsp
ecim
entest
data.
FIG.34Diagram
forCuttingTestSpecimensfrom
Hardboard
TestPanel
D1037−12
29
� �� ��� �� � ��� � ����� ��� �� �� ������� ���� � ��� ������ !" �#$%�&��'
% � (�� ��� ��) ��� ���� � * �� ������ �� �+ �� ����� �� ���� ��� ������,� -���� ����.��� /0 �1 ���� �������� �-�� ���� ��� ��� 2�� /
where:
b=
width
ofsp
ecim
en,in.(m
m),
d=
thicknes
sofsp
ecim
en,in.(m
m),
L=
length
ofsp
an,inch
(mm),
P=
max
imum
load
,lbf(N
),an
dR
b=
modulusofru
pture,psi
(MPa).
33.4.2
Theav
erag
emodulusofru
pture
ofthetw
elvesp
eci-
men
sfo
rea
chtest
pan
elsh
allbereported
tothenea
rest
100psi
(0.5
MPa).
34.TensionParallelto
Surface
34.1
Pro
ced
ure
34.1.1
The
pro
cedure
for
determining
tension
parallelto
surfac
esh
allbethesa
meas
that
pro
vided
inSec
tion10,ex
cept
that
the
uniform
rate
ofse
paration
ofthe
jawsofthe
tensile
grips
shallbe
0.15
60.025
in./min.(3
.86
0.6
mm/m
in.).
Fro
mea
chtest
pan
el,tw
osp
ecim
enssh
allbese
lected
withthe
long
dim
ension
parallel
and
two
spec
imen
swith
the
long
dim
ension
perpen
dicular
tothe
long
dim
ension
of
the
test
pan
el,as
shown
inFig.34.The
thicknes
sofea
chsp
ecim
en
shallbemea
sured
tothenea
rest
0.001
in.(0
.02
mm)an
dthe
width
tothenea
rest
0.01
in.(0
.2mm).
34.2
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
34.2.1
Thetensionsh
allbeca
lculatedfo
rea
chsp
ecim
enin
acco
rdan
cewith
Eq
6.
34.2.2
Theav
erag
etension
ofthefo
ursp
ecim
ensfo
rea
ch
test
pan
elsh
allbereported
tothenea
rest
100
psi
(0.5
MPa).
35.TensionPerpendicularto
Surface
35.1
Pro
ced
ure
35.1.1
Thepro
cedure
fordeterminingtensionperpen
dicular
tosu
rfac
esh
allbe
the
same
asthat
pro
vided
inSec
tion
11,
exce
ptthat
theuniform
rate
ofse
paration
ofthehea
dsofthe
testing
mac
hine
shallbe
0.15
60.025
in./min.(3
.86
0.6
mm/m
in.).Fro
mea
chtest
pan
el,three
spec
imen
ssh
all
be
selected
fortest
assh
own
inFig.34.Saw
each
test
spec
imen
accu
rately
sothat
itis
2.00
60.01
in.(5
0.8
60.2
mm)on
a
side.
Ifim
pro
per
adhes
ion
ofthe
metal
load
ing
block
sto
the
spec
imen
isindicated
byless
than
95%
fiber
tran
sfer
atfailure,
the
tests
shall
be
repea
ted
using
supplemen
tal
spec
imen
s
obtained
from
the
same
gen
eral
area
ofthe
test
pan
elas
the
original
spec
imen
s.
35.2
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
35.2.1
Thetension
perpen
dicularto
surfac
esh
allbeca
lcu-
lated
forea
chsp
ecim
enin
acco
rdan
cewith
Eq
7.
35.2.2
The
averag
etension
of
the
three
spec
imen
sfrom
each
test
pan
elsh
allbe
reported
tothe
nea
rest
5psi
(0.05
MPa).
36.WaterAbsorptionandThicknessSwelling
36.1
Pro
ced
ure
36.1.1
Thepro
cedure
fordeterminingwater
abso
rptionafter
a24-h
immersionsh
allbethesa
meas
that
pro
vided
inSec
tion
23,M
ethod
Bon
asingle
12-in.(3
05-m
m)sq
uare
spec
imen
(see
Note
58),
assh
own
inFig.34.
NOTE58—
A6
by
6-in.(1
52
by
152-m
m)sp
ecim
enmay
be
use
dfo
rco
nven
ience
asan
altern
ative
size
.The
smallersp
ecim
enwillusu
ally
yield
slightlyhigher
values
forwater
abso
rption.In
case
swheredispute
islikely
bec
ause
ofam
ountofwater
abso
rbed
,the12-in.sq
uaresp
ecim
ens
should
beuse
d.
36.2
Ca
lcu
lati
on
an
dR
epo
rt
36.2.1
Thewater
abso
rptionan
dav
erag
ethicknes
ssw
elling
values
shallbeca
lculated
forea
chtest
pan
el,an
dreported
to
thenea
rest
1%
on
aweightbas
is.
37.Moisture
ContentandSpecificGravity
37.1
Moisture
contentan
dsp
ecifi
cgravityofea
chmodulus-
of-ru
pture
spec
imen
shallbedetermined
bas
edon
thevolume
attest
and
oven
dry
weightin
acco
rdan
cewith
Tes
tM
ethods
D4442
and
D2395.The
averag
evalues
shallbe
reported
for
each
test
pan
elto
the
nea
rest
0.1
%fo
rmoisture
contentan
d
0.01
forsp
ecifi
cgravity.
See
Note
59.
NOTE59—
Forso
mesp
ecifi
cation
purp
ose
sit
may
bead
van
tageo
usto
report
den
sity
instea
dof
spec
ific
gravity.
When
this
isso
,report
the
averag
eden
sity
inlb/ft3
tothenea
rest
1lb/ft3.
38.Report
38.1
The
data
reported
shall
include,
inad
dition
tothe
actual
test
resu
ltsan
ddata
called
forsp
ecifi
cally
under
each
test,ades
cription
ofthematerial,
sampling
pro
cedure,reco
rd
of
any
conditioning
or
trea
tmen
t,an
dnotes
regarding
any
spec
ificdetails
that
may
hav
eabea
ring
on
thetest
resu
lts.
39.PrecisionandBias
39.1
Statemen
tsonprecisionan
dbiashav
enotbee
ndev
el-
oped
forthes
emethods.
Precision
willbees
timated
inac
cor-
dan
cewith
the
interlab
oratory
test
pro
gram
presc
ribed
by
PracticeE691.
40.Keywords
40.1
hardboard;med
ium
den
sity
fiberboard;orien
tedstrand
board;pan
els;
particleb
oard;particle
pan
elmaterials;wood;
wood-b
asefiber;wood-b
asepan
el
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