CellStructures
• Organellesarethedifferentstructureswithinthecell.Eachofthesestructures
performsspecificandimportantfunctionsinthecell.
AnimalCell
PlantCell
B.Cytoplasm
B.Cytoplasm
A.CellMembrane
A.CellMembrane
C.Nucleus
C.Nucleus
E.EndoplasmicReticulum
E.EndoplasmicReticulum
F.Mitochondria
F.Mitochondria
H.Chloroplast
D.Vacuole
D.Vacuole
I.GolgiBody
J.Lysosome
I.GolgiBody
G.CellWall
CellStructuresandFunctions
A. CELLMEMBRANE–Surroundsandprotectsthecontentsofthecell.Italsohelps
controlthemovementofsubstancesinandoutofthecell.
B. CYTOPLASM–Agel-likesubstancethatconstantlyflowsinacelltodistribute
materialsandwaste.Italsohelpstosupportandsecuretheotherorganellesinside
thecell.
C. NUCLEUS–Oftenthemosteasilyseenstructureinthecell.Thenucleuscontrolsmost
ofthecell’sactivities.Italsoholdschromosomes,whicharemadeofgeneticmaterial
(DNA)thatdirectacell’sgrowthandreproduction.
D. VACUOLES–Spacesthatareusedasstorageforsurplusfood,waste,andother
substancesthatthecellcannotuserightaway.
E. ENDOPLASMICRETICULUM–Afoldedmembranethatformsmaze-likepathwaysto
transportmaterialsinsideandoutsideofthecell.
F. MITOCHONDRIA–Ovalshapedorganellesthatproducetheenergyforacellby
breakingdowntinysugarmolecules.
G. CELLWALL–OnlyoccursinPLANTandfungicells,arigid(hard/tough)outerlayer
madeofcellulosethatprovidessupportandstructureforthecell.
H. CHLOROPLASTS–Structuresinwhichphotosynthesistakesplace.Chloroplastsare
onlyfoundingreenplants,andsomeunicellularorganisms.
I. GOLGIBODY–AlsocalledtheGolgiapparatus/complex,isastackofsmooth,flat
pancake-likesacsthathelpwiththemodification,packaging,andtransportofproteins.
J. LYSOSOMES–Asmall,roundsacthatpinchesofftheGolgibody.Itcontainsenzymes,
whichareproteinsresponsibleforbreakdownanddigestionofparticles.
K. RIBOSOMES–Siteofproteinproduction(i.e.whereproteinsaremade).
Inthespacebelowdrawandlabelaplantandanimalcell:
Plan
tCell
Anim
alCell
Compa
reand
Con
trastP
lantand
AnimalCells
•Ce
llMem
bran
e
•Cy
toplasm
•En
doplasmic
Retic
ulum
(ER)
•Mito
chon
dria
•Nucleus
•Va
cuole
•GolgiBod
y•
Ribo
somes
•Ce
llWall
•Ch
loroplasts
•Lysosomes
Top Related