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PVS IN
INDIA
BY
NaveenMethre
ME-3,
III yr Mechanical
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Condition of use of solar PV
cellsCold weather
Cloud condition
Isolated generation
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Solar power or solar
photovoltaic electricitySolar photovoltaic electricity is generated
from light, employing photovoltaic modules orcells ,which convert sunlight into electricityusing cells with semi conductors
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Brief Overview of Solar
PV Technology
Solar cells are made ofsilicon(microelectronics/semiconductors)Treated to be positive on one side and negative on theother.When light energy hits the cell, electrons are knocked loosefrom the atoms in the semiconductor material.If electrical conductors are attached to the positive andnegative sides, forming an electrical circuit, the electronscan be captured in the form of an electric
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Every single photovoltaic cell has smalldimensions and generally produces a powerbetween 1 and 3 watts and 0,5Volts, at thestandard test conditions (STC) of 1000W/m.
To get a bigger power and voltage, it isnecessary to connect several cells among
themselves to create bigger units calledmodules
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The modules, in their turn, can be connectedto constitute panels, called photovoltaic fieldstoo, that produce the power wanted from theapplication
Therefore the photovoltaic system is aunification of mechanical, electric and
electronic components that contribute to captand transform the available solar energy,making it usable from the usership in electricenergy
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The photovoltaic system structure can bevery different Systems with fixed inclination -(fixed supporting structure)
Systems with active tracking - single/doubleaxis tracking systems (characterized by stepby step motors and control electronics)
Lonely systems or stand aloneNetwork connected systems or grid
connected
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Some benefits of
photovoltaicsNo fuel requirements - In remote areas diesel
or kerosene fuel supplies are erratic and oftenvery expensive
Modular design - A solar array comprisesindividual PV modules, which can beconnected to meet a particular demand.
Reliability of PV modules - This has beenshown to be significantly higher than that ofdiesel generators.
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Easy to maintain - Operation and routinemaintenance requirements are simple
Long life - With no moving parts and alldelicate surfaces protected, modules can beexpected to provide power for 15 years ormore.
Environmentally benign - There is no pollutionthrough the use of a PV system nor is thereany heat or noise generated which couldcause local discomfort
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PV applicationsRural electrification lighting and power supplies for remote
building (mosques, churches, temples etc
.farms, schools, mountain refuge huts) - lowwattage fluorescent lighting is recommended
power supplies for remote villages
street lighting individual house systems
battery charging
mini grids
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Used for pumping
system
PV can be used to power water pumping systems Practical Action
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2.Water pumping and treatment systems
pumping for drinking water
pumping for irrigation dewatering and drainage
ice production
saltwater desalination systems
water purification
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3.Health care systems
lighting in rural clinics
UHF transceivers between health centres vaccine refrigeration
ice pack freezing for vaccine carriers
sterilises
blood storage refrigerators
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4. Communications
radio repeaters
remote TV and radio receivers remote weather measuring
mobile radios
rural telephone kiosks
data acquisition and transmission (forexample, river levels and seismographs)
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5. Transport aids
road sign lighting
railway crossings and signals hazard and warning lights
navigation buoys
road markers
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6. Security systems
security lighting
remote alarm system electric fences
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7. Miscellaneous
ventilation systems
calculators pumping and automated feeding systems on
fish farms
solar water heater circulation pumps
boat / ship power
vehicle battery trickle chargers
earthquake monitoring systems
emergency power for disaster relief
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Indias Solar Profile
India ranks 3rd in annualproduction capacity of solar
PV ahead of Germany,
France and Australia
India increasing budget for
implementing solar power
plants
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India Has a Lot of
SunlightSunlight on the surface of earth is the
radiation received from sun.
India has adequate sunshine available formost parts of the year, including rural areas.
The amount of solar energy impacting thesurface of earth is 1000 watts per square
meter, which is about 32.8 million MW everysecond on the Indian land mass.
*A large part of the incident heat is reflectedto the outer space or radiated back to space.
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Solar lanterns :A recent innovation in solartechnology is the solar lantern. Originallydesigned for the outdoor leisure market inwestern countries, this simple lantern with asmall PV module (5 -10 watts) is extremelyappropriate to use in rural areas of developingcountries for replacing kerosene lamps. Cost
is still a barrier, as is the potential for localmanufacture, but there is enormous scope forwidespread dissemination of a simple, robustsolar lantern.
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Cost Analysis of
Different Lamps
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Illumination Level of
Lamps
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Investigation on Solar
Lamps
The out put power generated by PV Source during insolation
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A Basket weavers in a Solar Rural House of Bodam Village In
Patamda Block of East Singhbhoom District of Jharkhand State
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Q Ah San Solar Power Lantern for FloodAffected Area IEEE 2000 page 487 492
INTELLIGENT SOLAR LAMPS FOR RURALINDIA-Case study in jharkhand by S. N .Singh , Dr A .K .Singh Dept of ECE NITJAMSHEDPUR.
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Ministry of New and
Renewable EnergyPhotovoltaic Program:55000 street lighting systems340,000 home lighting systems
1566 kW of power plants540,000 solar lanterns have been produced
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A total of 32 grid interactive solar PV powerplants have been installed in the country withfinancial assistance from the Federal
Government
These plants, with aggregate capacity of 2.1MW, are estimated to generate about 2.52million units of electricity in a year
For rural electrification as well as employmentand income generation, about 16,530 solarphotovoltaic lighting systems were installed
during 2004-05
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PHOTOVOLTAIC OUTPUT
BY STATE
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SELECTED FOR SOLAR
ELECTRIFICATION
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FUTURE PLANS BY MNESA 10 million square meter solar collector area
capable of conserving electricity equivalent tothat generated from a 500 MW power plant is
expected to be set up by 2022.
India has recently proposed to augmentcooking, lighting, and motive power withrenewable in 600,000 villages by 2032,starting with 10,000 remote off-grid villagesby 2012.
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minigrids in
SunderbansNine SPV mini-grids with a cumulative
installed capacity of 344.5 kWp have beeninstalled by WBREDA in Sunderbans
Each of the 1,750 consumers, who typicallywould have used kerosene for lighting anddiesel- based battery charging for TV viewing,has the potential of saving 228.2 kg CO2emissions annually, as per a study conductedin the year 2000
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Another survey in this region has reportedupon the tangible benefits of SPV mini-grids
These benefits include:-
the ability to do agricultural work at night
longer periods of work for small trades and
an ensuing increase in income due to these
extended hours of operation
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Kaveri Agri-Care Pvt.
Ltd., IndiaThe plant specializes in drying coir peat,which is a fine granular material extractedfrom underneath the coconut skin.
The final product is extremely absorbent andbuoyant,making it ideal for usage in soilreplacement and oil spills
It was important to have a drying process thatwould be cost effective, that would not addfurther pollution to the local environment, andthat would not adversely harm the coir peat.
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It was determined that SolarWall technologywould provide a cost-effective means forreducing diesel fuel. 414 m square (4456 ft2)
of solar cladding were installed on the southfacing roof.
The heat from the panels is ducted down intothe burner, yielding a nominal air flow of 60m3/h/m2 and preheating the air entering thedryer by 20 C.
It displaces about 14% of the heating fuel,
yielding a 2 year payback.
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SolarWall panels are mounted on the roof of the processing plant to provide a
supply of warm air to dry the coir peat
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PV Manufacturers in IndiaTATA BP
BHEL
CENTRAL ELECTRONICS LTDSELCO INDIA
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Disadvantages of Solar
Energy for Rural IndiaLow intensity or dispersionIts unpredictability, which varies with the
whims of weather (Monsoon Season)
Cost of Solar Equipment for the poor Financing schemesIndian Renewable Energy Development Agency
(IREDA) - a Public Limited Company, providingrevolving fund to financing and leasingcompanies offering affordable credit for thepurchase of PV systems
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CONCLUSIONIn India, the scientific focus is deliberately
moving towards transforming coal into cleanenergy as well as harnessing hydropower.
The recent surge in nuclear energy is alsodiverting focus from the solar energyenhancement.
In all probability, the Indian government willsupport off-grid solar energy productionthrough a decentralized manner
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http://ecoworld.com/features/2007/05/15/india
Solar Energy: Alternative to CombatEnergy Insecurity in India, Shikha Bisht &Biswajayee Patra Article No:96, December 12,2006
http://www.economywatch.com/business-and-
Akanksha Chaurey, TERI, E-mail:[email protected]
BIBILOGRAPHY
http://ecoworld.com/features/2007/05/15/indias-solar-power/http://www.economywatch.com/business-and-economy/india-energy.htmlhttp://www.economywatch.com/business-and-economy/india-energy.htmlhttp://ecoworld.com/features/2007/05/15/indias-solar-power/8/14/2019 APPLICATION OF SOLAR PVS IN INDIA
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Chaurey, A. Ramakrishna Mission InitiativeImpact Study. Final Report under thecontract NREL/SR-520-28601. Available at
.http://Solarwall.com
Photovoltaic systems: solar energy based
technologyhttp://dev.emcelettronica.com/print/51991
http://practicalaction.org
http://solarwall.com/http://dev.emcelettronica.com/print/51991http://practicalaction.org/http://practicalaction.org/http://dev.emcelettronica.com/print/51991http://solarwall.com/8/14/2019 APPLICATION OF SOLAR PVS IN INDIA
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http://www.ren21.net
http://mnes.nic.in/annualreport/2004_2005_En
CII Godrej GBC Publication, RES - Fact Sheet- No.3
INTELLIGENT SOLAR LAMPS FOR RURALINDIA a case study by S. N . Singh , Dr A
.K .Singh- NIT JAMSHEDPUR
http://www.ren21.net/http://mnes.nic.in/annualreport/2004_2005_English/ch12_pg1.htmhttp://mnes.nic.in/annualreport/2004_2005_English/ch12_pg1.htmhttp://www.ren21.net/8/14/2019 APPLICATION OF SOLAR PVS IN INDIA
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THANK YOU FOR
YOUR ATTENTION
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