John HancockSmuggling
Ship buildingSelf-government
Protection (strongest navy in the world)
Tobacco monopoly
Middle menStrict manufacturing laws“economic adolescence”
Lack of banking institutions
A B
AP US HISTORY BELL WORK
George Grenville… Prime MinisterFrench & Indian War debt
1763-Enforcement of Navigation Acts1764-Sugar Act- first law passed to raise revenue from the
colonies1765-Quarting Act (housing of troops)
1765-Stamp Act (requiring stamps on commercial & legal docs- including cards)
STEPS TO REVOLUTION
Courts used to enforce Sugar and Stamp ActsNo jury
Burden of proof is on the defendantsWhy were the Quartering Acts needed? No French and the
Pontiac’s Rebellion had been crushed?
ADMIRALTY COURTS & QUARTERING ACTS
English political tradition… rights of Englishmen (Magna Carta, Petition of Right, English Bill of Rights etc.)
Taxation without representationOnly elected representative could tax
Virtual representation?Legislation vs taxationStamp Act Congress
COLONIAL RESPONSES
Stamp Act Congress 1765- unifying group that states the rights of colonists
Others protests included home spun clothes- boycotts of British goods
Sons & Daughters of Liberty… “Liberty, Property and No Stamps!”
Protests- mob attacks
COLONIAL RESPONSE CONT.
Non-enforcement- resignation of officials.Boycotts hurt British trade (1/4 of British goods)
1766- Parliament repeals Stamp ActBut… pass the Declaratory Act- bind the colonies in all
cases whatsoever
BRITISH RESPONSE
An obvious drinker- but still gave speeches in Parliament1767- Townsend Acts
Taxes were indirect customs taxes (outside of English control)
Suspension of NY legislature- violated the Quartering Act
“CHAMPAGNE CHARLEY” TOWNSEND
Outcries due to the fact the taxes were used to pay royal governors
Smuggling (especially tea)Protests met with British troops sent to the colonies- Boston
March 5, 1770- Boston Massacere11 killed including Cripus Atticks
Trial- John Adams represents the troops (two guilty of manslaughter- the others were branded)
RESPONSES
Townsend Acts repealed (increasingly due to a loss of revenue)
But… a tea tax remainedSamuel Adams (penman of the Revolution) organizes the
Committees of CorrespondenceFrom Boston, more C of C’s sprouted colonially
LORD NORTH
Facing bankruptcy- needed to sell unsold teaAwarded a monopoly in the colonies- would be cheaper than
smuggled teaTea Parties take place all over- most famous is in Boston
BRITISH EAST INDIA TEA COMPANY
1774- passed a series of Repressive ActsBoston Port Act
Chartered laws abolished and town meetings bannedTrials for murdered colonists by British officials are held in
EnglandQuebec Act- Canada guaranteed Catholic rights, drew
Canadian borders
INTOLERABLE ACTS
Set a precedent- drawing borders and allowing for Catholics in a predominately Protestant North AmericaContinental Congress meets for the first time in 1774
COLONIAL RESPONSE
Created a Declaration of RightsAppeals to the King
Complete boycott- but not a declaration of Independence… will meet again later
1ST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS
Reject the appeals…Detachment of troops sent to Lexington & Concord to
obtain weapons cache
BRITISH REACTION
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