Anti- ulcer drugs
Bipul DekaRoll No: 05
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University
ULCER
Cause of peptic Ulcer:
Destruction of the intestinal mucosal lining of the stomach by hydrochloric acid.
Infection with a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori,
Or by long-term use of aspirin or other Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), such as Ibuprofen
• Therapeutic aims: (a) to relieve pain;
(b) to accelerate healing; and
(c) to prevent ulcer recurrence.
• Therapeutic approaches are threefold : (I) to reduce aggressive forces by lowering H+ output,
(II) to increase protective forces by means of mucoprotectants; and
(III) to eradicate Helicobacter pylori.
Basic types of Anti-ulcer drugs:I. Lowering of Acid
Concentration
Agents for acid neutralization
Inhibitors of acid production
II. Protective Drugs
III. Eradication of
Helicobacter pylori
Agents for acid neutralization
•Absorbable Antacids Ex: NaHCO3•Nonabsorbable Antacids Ex: CaCO3
Inhibitors of acid production:• H2-Antihistaminics
• Proton pump inhibitors
• Cholinoceptor antagonist
II. Protective Drugs
Sucralfate
Misoprostol
a semisynthetic prostaglandin derivative with greater stability than natural prostaglandin
Locally released prostaglandins (PGF2α, PGE2) promote mucus production in superficial cellsand inhibit acid secretion ofparietal cells
III. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori
Plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.
The combination of antibacterial drugs and omeprazolehas proved effective.
References:
“Color Atlas of Pharmacology” by Heinz Lüllmann, Lutz Hein, Klaus Mohr and Detlef Bieger.Goodman & Gilman’s “Manual of Pharmacology & Therapeutics”.“Essentials of Medical Pharmacology” by KD TRIPATHI.“A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics” by JAMES M RITTER, LIONEL D LEWIS and TIMOTHY GK MANT.Internet Sources.
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