ANNUAL STATUS OF EDUCATION REPORT 2011Khyber Pakhtunkhwa & FATA
National Launch in Islamabad: January 26, 2012Provincial Launch in Peshawar: February 8, 2012
ASER PAKISTAN 2010-2015
ASER - The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) is a citizen led large scale national household survey about the quality of education in rural and some urban areas of Pakistan. Inspired by the ASER India & East Africa UWEZO methodology it seeks to fill a gap on learning outcomes by providing a reliable set of data at the national level on an annual basis, that is comprehensive and easy to understand. The survey’s objectives are three fold: To get reliable estimates of the status of children’s schooling and basic
learning (reading and arithmetic level) To measure the change in these basic learning and school statistics from
last year To interpret these results and use them to affect policy decisions at
various levels.
Scale & Scope of Survey
Coverage : In all five provinces i.e. Sindh, Balochistan, Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Gilgit Baltistan, and FATA & AJK.- Rural
Phase I : Year I 2010 – 32 districts across Pakistan Phase II: Year II 2011 – 85 districts across Pakistan (84 Rural + 3 Urban /2
overlap with rural districts)Phase III : Years III, IV , V all districts across Pakistan (138 districts) Sample: 600 households per district. Two-stage stratified sample; 30 Villages will be selected randomly using the village directory of the
latest Census. The Probability Proportional to Size Sampling (PPS) technique will be adopted as an appropriate one when the sampling units are of different sizes. 20 households per village (quadrants) 5 from each Nuances between public and private schools. In each village profile 1 govt. and 1 private school- Gender disaggregated data
ASER Pakistan Assessment Tools Grade IIASER Assessment tools are prepared in following Categories•Reading
Urdu Sindhi Language
•Arithmetic abilities•English
Section I : Scale of Survey
ASER 2011
ASER 2011
KP: 419 Villages & 36 Blocks, 8706 Household, 25301 Children, 9326 Mothers and 445 Govt School & 290 Pvt School surveyed
FATA: 60 Villages, 1200 HH, 4508 Children, 1555 Mothers and 50 Gov schools & 24 Pvt schools surveyed
Scale:• Pilot Year in 2008 – 11 districts • 2010 – 32 districts• 2011 – 85 districts, 84 rural and 3 urban.
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa• 4 districts in 2010 • 14 districts in 2011 Peshawar Urban was also surveyed for the first time
FATA• 2 Agencies in 2011
14 Districts were surveyed in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
The districts with * were surveyed in 2010 as well.
Section II : Access?
Enrollment (6-16 years) - KP 85% of 6-16 year olds in rural Punjab are enrolled in schools15% children are out of schoolRural Peshawar enrollment in Govt schools (50%) is greater than Urban Peshawar (28%)28% Rural children enrolled in private/ non-state sector Peshawar (Urban) 72% children enrolled in private sector
Enrollment for boys higher as compared to girls in all provinces Difference most significant in FATA! Boys enrolment (65%) nearly double that of girls (35%) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Inter-province Comparison Enrollment
District Wise Enrollment - KP Among the 14 Districts surveyed, Tank has the highest number of out-of-school children (24%), followed by Charsada.Swat has the lowest number of out-of-school children (4.4%)
Enrollment decreases sharply as class level increases
Class Wise Enrollment
KP FATA
Gender difference for out of school children very significant in KP and FATA for this age 6-10 years
Action : Important to ensure that mainstreamed children, especially girls, are sustained in school over time.
Out of school Children
FATAKP
Enrollment - Urban
KARACHI LAHORE PESHAWAR
Gender Gap highest in Peshawar compared to Lahore & Karachi
Boys Girls Boys GirlsGovt
SchoolPvt School
-
20
40
60
80
100
55.3 44.7
50.6 49.4
Enrollment by Gender and Type of School
% C
hild
ren
Boys Girls Boys GirlsGovt School Pvt School
-
20
40
60
80
100
66.3
33.7
64.3
35.7
Enrollment by Gender and Type of School
% C
hild
ren
Boys Girls Boys GirlsGovt School Pvt School
-
20
40
60
80
100
36.8
63.2 52.6
47.4
Enrollment by Gender and Type of School
% C
hild
ren
Pre-School Enrollment - KP
Enrollment of children of 3 - 5 years 45.2% in 2011 in KP Enrollment lowest in Peshawar Urban (41%) compared to Karachi and Lahore Urban (69% and 59% respectively)
Action : Early years need the best investment – the foundation years
for future learning. Special attention and resources needed to increase enrollment with trained
teachers and safe learning environment .
Section III : Quality?
Learning levels – Urdu
ASER tools are created after analyzing textbooks
Std 2 level text
As compared to other provinces, KP has the Lowest level of learning for Class 5 Urdu
Leaning levels – English
Almost 64% children in KP and 65% in FATA may complete primary without learning to read sentences at grade II competencies
Std 2 level text
Basic Arithmetic levels
Almost 71% children in KP and 72% in FATA may complete primary without learning how to do division at grade II competencies
Std 2 level
Learning levels – Urdu - KP Swat ranks highest in URDU Reading Levels, but 2nd last in case of Arithmetic.
Bannu consistently comes last in terms of learning levels in URDU, ENGLISH and ARITHMETIC .
The consistently better districts in all three subjects include D. I. KhanMardan
The consistently worse districts include Peshawar Batagram
Learning levels – Public vs. Private KP
Reading levels better in Private schools for both English and Urdu
0
20
40
60
80
31.4 27.8 26.4
45.1 43.8 38.6
Arithmetic Levels in Govt. and Pvt. Schools
Government Private
% C
hil
dre
n
Almost 42% of the children in Government schools and 65% of children in private schools may complete primary without learning how to read fluently in English at grade II competencies
72% children in government and 58% children in private schools in class 5 are still unable to read a class 2 level Urdu text
Almost 68% of the children in Government schools and 58% of children in private schools may complete primary without learning how to read fluently in English at grade II competencies
74% children in government and 61% children in private schools are still unable to do Class 2 level division
Learning levels – Public vs. Private FATA
Reading levels better in Private schools for both English and Urdu
Almost 42% of the children in Government schools and 65% of children in private schools may complete primary without learning how to read fluently in English at grade II competencies
70% children in government and 58% children in private schools in class 5 are still unable to read a class 2 level Urdu text
Almost 76% of the children in Government schools and 50% of children in private schools may complete primary without learning how to read fluently in English at grade II competencies
81% children in government and 56% children in private schools are still unable to do Class 2 level division
Learning levels – Boys vs. Girls - KP
Reading levels better for boys in Urdu, English and Arithmetic
-
20
40
60
27.3 36.8
Learning Levels - Arithmetic by
Gender
-
20
40
60
31.8 42.3
Learning Level - Eng-lish by Gender
-
20
40
60
26.1 35.6
Learning Level - Urdu by Gender
Learning levels Boys vs. Girls - FATA
Reading levels better for boys in Urdu, English and Arithmetic
Learning Levels for Out of School Children
• 5.4% of out-of-school children could read a sentence in Urdu In KP and 3 % in FATA.
Section IV : Private Supplementary Tuition?
Additional learning support FATA has highest tuition for children in private schools (46.8%)
Rural
Section V : Attendance?
Students “attendance as per register” higher compared to “attendance as per headcount” – faulty registering?
Teachers attendance lowest at the Primary level –80.8% in Government schools and 85.1% in Private schools ;
Overall better attendance in Private sector
Attendance- KP
Teachers attendance lowest at the Primary level – 78% in Government schools and 76% in Private schools ;
Overall better attendance in Private sector
Attendance- FATA
Section VI : Other dimensions that influence teaching and learning?
Mother’s Literacy Percentage of Illiterate mothers:
72% in Rural KP.
87% in Rural FATA!
As compared to Urban Lahore and Karachi, Urban Peshawar has the highest % of illiterate mothers (39%)
Basic Facilities – Toilet and Water
FATA ranks lowest in provision of clean water (28%) in primary schools!
Useable Water
Useable Toilet
58.9
51.6
84.7
80.6
Toilet and Water Facility Primary School in KP
Pvt. Govt.
Useable Water
Useable Toilets
28.1
25.0
100.0
33.3
Toilet and Water Facility Primary School in FATA
Pvt. Govt.
KP FATA
Basic Facilities – Playground and Boundary Wall
Playground
Boundary
28.8
71.2
45.8
84.7
Playground and Boundary Wall in KP
Pvt. Govt.
Playground
Boundary
15.6
75.0
66.7
100.0
Playground and Boundary Wall in FATA
Pvt. Govt.
KP FATA
Section VII: FATA; A special case to consider Second lowest enrollment – 25.3% children out of school Lowest girls enrollment – only 22% Highest % of out of school girls 6-10 years of age when compared to boys (8.5% girls compared to 4.2 % boys) Worst girls enrollment even in Private schools – 14.2% Highest incidence of tuition in Private schools! – 46.8% Lowest rank in Urdu Learning level – 24.4% can read story Second lowest rank for English and Arithmetic learning (18.3% can read sentences and 15.9% can do division) Lowest level of mother’s literacy – 12.8% Lowest in provision of clean water (28%), third lowest in provision of usable toilets (25%) in primary schools
Section VIII: How far have we come on RTE compliance?
Article 25 A : “The state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of five to sixteen
years in such a manner as may be determined by Law”
How can ASER 2011 inform the planning, resourcing and implementation of 25 A? ASER can help assess education with respect to:AccessQualityEquity
Planning according to district based assessmentUse of ASER data and teams for advocacy on Right to Education – focusing on gender & the excluded groups Forming District RTE Committees (DRCs) across the country and working with other coalitions/alliances/media, teachers and bar associations.
For more information visit: www.aserpakistan.org
Email: [email protected]
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