Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
LAMTO, LAMTO, Ivory Coast Ivory Coast ((6°13'N / 5°01'W6°13'N / 5°01'W))
Monitoring Atmospheric COMonitoring Atmospheric CO22 and CH and CH44
concentrations in Western Africaconcentrations in Western Africa
M.Ramonet, B.Wastine, C.Kaiser, C.Vuillemin, LSCE, Gif sur Yvette
A.Diawara, P.Yao, D.Bethuel, Univ. de Cocody, Abidjan
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
One atmospheric site:One atmospheric site:global carbon budgetglobal carbon budget
Keeling et al.
From one background atmospheric site we know the CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere, from which we can deduced precisely the global carbon sink and its variability.
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
Large scaleLarge scaleSpatial distributionSpatial distribution
Reduction of the C sink at mid north latitude and of the tropical C source
New observation data (aircraft)
4
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
Gurney et al.2004
Stephens et al.2007
GtC
/yea
r
Tropics
Mid North
Sin
k?
?
So
urce
4
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
Gurney et al.2004
Stephens et al.2007
GtC
/yea
r
Tropics
Mid North
Sin
k?
?
So
urce
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
Continental/Regional inversionsContinental/Regional inversions
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
CARBON PORTAL
Comparison of three different inversions:
LSCE (v2.0): Peylin et al.
JENA (S96): Roedenbeck et al.
Carbon Tracker (EU): Wouters et al.
AtmosphericAtmosphericinversionsinversions
1.04 0.59 0.63 GtC/yr
20032003
LSCE_V2.0 JENA_S96Carbon Tracker EU
Poussi , Peylin et al., ICOS Carbon Portal
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
AtmosphericAtmosphericinversionsinversions
Fossil emission
Fire emission
Biosphere (inversion)
Total flux
GtC
/Yr
LSCE
JENA
CTrackerLSCEJENA
CTracker
Poussi , Peylin et al., ICOS Carbon Portal
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
To fill in the observational gap in To fill in the observational gap in AfricaAfrica
AscensionAscension
LamtoLamto
Mt KenyaMt Kenya
AssekremAssekrem
LampedusaLampedusa
TenerifeTenerife
Hombori
NegevNegev
FinokaliaFinokalia
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
LAMTO LAMTO stationstation
Primary station of
• CTBT network seismic and infrasound)
• IDAF network (wet and dry deposition fluxes)
• Biomass burning campaigns
Run from University of Cocody, Abidjan
Staff ~14 people
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
North viewNorth view
From the 50m high From the 50m high towertower
South viewSouth view
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
Local challengesLocal challenges
• High temperature
• High humidity
• High content in aerosols
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
Inlet Pump & filters Calibration Air distribution
Air distributionComputerPicarro CRDSPicarro pumpUPS (20min autonomy)
The parts of the analyzerThe parts of the analyzer
No drying
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
Schematic view of the Schematic view of the installationinstallation
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
Calibration Calibration protocolprotocol
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
Calibrations driftCalibrations drift
CO2 ~ 0.01 ppm / week
CH4 ~ 0.20 ppb / week
1 calibration / monthWMO recommendation for precision:
CO2: ±0.1ppm
CH4: ±2 ppb
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
Picarro ComPicarro Com
Prototype for the future European network ?
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
First First measurementsmeasurements
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
CHCH44 peaks peaks
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
Model Model validationvalidation
Annual MeetingAnnual Meeting25-27 Nov 200825-27 Nov 2008
Accra, GhanaAccra, Ghana
Analyzer CO2/CH4/H2O
Analyzer ESP running since Aug. 29th
Monthly calibration should be enough
CO2: Strong diurnal CO2 cycle (30-50 ppm)
CH4: Synoptic events (50-80 ppb)
70 ppb increase in November
Fire season just starting
Let's challenge the models...
Preliminary Preliminary conclusionsconclusions
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