Muscles of Face & Mouth Zygomatic Major Arises from the
zygomatic bone and takes an oblique course inserting into the
corner of the orbicularis oris Elevates and retracts the angle of
the mouth Innervated by the VII facial nerve
Slide 3
Muscles of Face & Mouth Levator Anguli Oris Arises from
canine fossa of the maxilla Inserts into the upper and lower lips
Draws the corner of the mouth up and medially Innervated by the VII
facial nerve
Slide 4
Muscles of Face & Mouth Depressor labii Inferioris
Originates from mandible at the oblique line Inserts into lower lip
Pulls lips down and out Innervated by VII facial nerve
Slide 5
Muscles of Face & Mouth Depressor Anguli Oris Originates
from mandible at the oblique line Fanlike fibers on the orbicularis
oris and upper lip Depresses corners of mouth, frown, compresses
lips Innervated by VII facial nerve
Slide 6
Muscles of Face & Mouth Mentalis Muscle Originates from
incisive fossa of mandible Inserts into the skin of the chin
Elevates and wrinkles the chin, pulls lower lip out as in pouting
Innervated by VII facial nerve
Slide 7
Muscles of Face & Mouth Platysma Originates from the
pectoralis major and deltoid Inserts into the corner of the mouth
Depression of the mandible Innervated by VII facial nerve
Slide 8
Tongue Intrinsic and Extrinsic muscles Mastication and
Deglutition Median fibrous septum- divides it in left/right halves
Septum originates at the body of the hyoid bone via the hyoglossal
membrane which forms the tongue attachment with the hyoid Dorsum-
superior surface Tip
Slide 9
Tongue Base- resides in the oropharynx Oral surface- first 2/3
of the tongue surface Pharyngeal surface- last 1/3 of the tongue in
the oropharynx Lingual papillae- small irregular prominences on the
surface of the tongue Invested with taste buds to convey the
gustatory sense Lingual frenulum- joins the inferior tongue and the
mandible Sublingual folds- band of tissue on either side of the
tongue which are ducts for the sublingual salivary glands
Slide 10
Tongue
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Intrinsic Tongue Muscles Superior longitudinal Courses along
the length of the tongue Elevates tongue tip or pulls tongue to one
side or the other Innervated by hypoglossal nerve Inferior
longitudinal Originates at the root of the tongue to the tip Pulls
the tongue tip down and assists in retraction of the tongue
Innervated by hypoglossal nerve
Slide 14
Intrinsic Tongue Muscles Transverse Muscles Originate at the
median fibrous septum and course laterally to insert into the side
of the tongue Pulls edges of the tongue toward midline, narrowing
the tongue Innervation by hypoglossal nerve Vertical Muscles Run at
right angles to the transverse muscles Originate at base of tongue
and insert into the membranous cover Flatten the tongue Innervation
by hypoglossal nerve
Slide 15
Extrinsic Tongue Muscles Genioglossus Arises from the inner
mandibular surface and inserts into the tip and dorsum of the
tongue as well as the hyoid bone Retraction of the tongue,
protrusion of tongue tip, cupping the tongue Innervated by
hypoglossal nerve Hyoglossus Arises from the greater corner of
hyoid and inserts into the sides of the tongue Pulls the sides of
the tongue down
Slide 16
Extrinsic Tongue Muscles Styloglossus Originates from the
styloid process and inserts into the inferior sides of the tongue
Draw the tongue back and up Stylopharyngeus Arises from the styloid
process and insert into the posterior thyroid cartilage Elevates
and opens the pharynx Innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve
Slide 17
Intrinsic Tongue Muscles
Slide 18
Extrinsic Tongue Muscles Palatoglossus Makes up the anterior
faucial pillar Depresses the soft palate Elevates back of tongue
Make a /K/ sound
Slide 19
Mandibular Depressors and Elevators Masseter Originates at the
zygomatic arch Inserts into the ramus of the mandible Elevates the
mandible, teeth clenched Innervated by the trigeminal Temporalis
Deep to the masseter Arises from the temporal fossa and inserts
into the coronoid process of the mandible Elevates mandible and
draws it back Innervated by trigeminal
Slide 20
Mandibular Depressors and Elevators Medial Pterygoid Originates
from medial pterygoid plate and inserts into the mandibular ramus
Elevates mandible in conjunction with the masseter Lateral
Pterygoid Arises from the sphenoid bone and insert into the
pterygoid fovea of the mandible Protrudes the mandible Both are
innervated by the trigeminal nerve
Slide 21
Mandibular Depressors and Elevators Digastrics Anterior
originates at the inner surface of the mandible and posterior
originates from the mastoid process Depresses the mandible
Innervated by the facial nerve Mylohyoid Originates from underside
of mandible Fanlike muscle inserts into the hyoid Depresses the
mandible Innervated by trigeminal nerve
Slide 22
Mandibular Depressor and Elevator Geniohyoid Originates at the
mental spines of the mandible Inserts into the corpus hyoid
Depresses the mandible if the hyoid is fixed Innervated by
hypoglossal nerve
Slide 23
Muscles of the Velum Levator veli palatini Arises from the
petrous portion Inserts into the soft palate lateral to the uvulae
Elevates soft palate, elevates and retracts velum Innervated by
accessory and vagus nerve Muscularus Uvulae Muscle embodied within
the uvulae Runs from the palatine bones to the sides of the velum
Shortens the soft palate, bunches it up Innervated by accessory and
vagus nerves
Slide 24
Muscles of the Velum Tensor Veli palatini Arises from the
sphenoid bone and lateral eustachian tube wall Inserts into the
palatal Dilates the Eustachian tube Innervated by trigeminal
Palatoglossus Originates at the palatal and inserts to the sides of
the posterior tongue Depresses the soft palate Innervated by
accessory and vagus nerves
Slide 25
Muscles of the Velum Palatopharyngeus Originate from anterior
hard palate Insert into the posterior thyroid cartilage Narrowing
the pharyngeal cavity Lowers soft palate Assists in elevating the
larynx Innervated by accessory and vagus nerve
Slide 26
Muscles of the Pharynx Superior pharyngeal constrictor Superior
sleeve of the pharyngeal wall attaching to the temporal bone,
medial pterygoid plate and eustachian tube Forms the sides and back
wall of the nasopharynx and the oropharynx Pulls pharyngeal wall
forward and constricts the pharyngeal diameter Effects the
velopharyngeal seal Innervated by accessory and vagus nerves
Slide 27
Muscles of the Pharynx Middle pharyngeal constrictor Arises
from horns of hyoid and inserts into the medial pharyngeal raphe
Narrows diameter of the pharynx Innervated by accessory and vagus
Inferior pharyngeal constrictor Arises from sides of cricoid
cartilage and inserts into the orifice of the esophagus Reduces
diameter of lower pharynx Important muscle for swallowing
Innervated by accessory and vagus
Slide 28
Muscles of the Pharynx Salpingopharyngeus Arises from lower
portion of eustachian tube Converges with palatopharyngeus
Elevation of the lateral pharyngeal wall Innervated by accessory
and vagus nerves
Slide 29
Tongue Tie When the lingual frenulum is too short Difficulty
elevating the tongue for phonemes Tongue may appear heart-shaped
when protruded May require surgical repair
Slide 30
Oral Peripheral Exam Gloves Flashlight Tongue depressor Friend
willing to have you look in their mouth P. 326