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Introduction to Computer Numeri
Controlled(CNC) Machines and i
Advantages
Subm
Bulon C
Scholar n
Cad cam a
Submitted to:Mr. Pannalal ChoudhuryAssociate Professor
7/24/2019 An introduction to CNC Machines PPT
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Introduction: Computer Numerical Co(CNC) Machine Computer Numerical Control (CNC machine is one in
the functions and motions of a machine tool are contr"# means mini or microcomputer$
All the cuttin% processes that are to "e carried out anthe &nal dimensions are fed into the computer 'ia thepro%ram$ he computer thus )no!s !hat e*actl# is to
done and carries out all the cuttin% processes$ CNC m!or)s li)e the +o"ot, !hich has to "e fed !ith the proand it follo!s all #our instructions$
he computer translated the pro%ram into the appropelectrical si%nals for input to motors that run the mac
N S.C/A+,ASSA
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History: 155 -John Parsons and US Air Force de&ne a need to de'el
machine tool capa"le of machinin% comple* and close tolerance
parts !ith the same ualit# time after time (repeata"ilit#$hicthe introduction Numerical Control(NC machines !hich !as conand operate usin% a punched tape$
Standardi4ation of G code in the earl# 06s$
10 - Direct Numerical Control (DNC). his eliminates pappunch pro%rams and allo!s pro%rammers to send &les directl# ttools$
1806s - 7raphics "ased CA9CA s#stems introduced$
odern NC machine has a computer on "oard! Computer NumControl(CNC)$ he# can run unattended at o'er 20,000 r$p$m speed !ith a feed rate of o'er 00 i$p$m and an accurac# of $00
N S.C/A+,ASSA
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Some of common type of CNC machi
CNC "athe MachineCNC Millin# Machine
CNC $rillin# Machine
CNC Grindin# MachineCNC "aer Cutter
%$ Printer
&'ample o CNMachineN S.C/A+,ASSA
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Eamples of CNC Machines:
CNC Millin# Machine HS CNC *urnin# Machine HN S.C/A+,ASSA
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Salient +eature o CNC Machi
Machine Control ,nit (MC,) i a microcomputer -here -e #ie thecommand and e'ecute the command into action by the machin
$iplay ,nit diplay all the neceary inormation uch a the pipoition! depth o cut etc.
/nput $eice throu#h -hich can enter pro#ram directly and run tthe #ien operation.
*ool can operate in 012 a'e thu makin# it eaier to machine com#eometrical hape.
Moement i controlled by motor (actuator) -hich proide preci
tool and the table in the re3uired direction.
+eedback i proided by enor (tranducer) -hich proide thethe poition o the tool and the -ork piece.
*ool ma#azine can hold a lar#e number o tool are ued to chanautomatically.
CNC machine can -ork automatically or hour -ithout any upe
N S.C/A+,ASSA
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Baic &lement o CNC mach
a$ nput e'ice"$ achine Control nitc$ achine oold$ ri'in% S#steme$ ;eed"ac) e'icesf$ ispla# nit
&'ample o a $ipN S.C/A+,ASSA
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4orkin# principle o a CNMachine
Block $ia#ramN S.C/A+,ASSA
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Baic CNC 'i o Motion
Standard Millin# CoordiN S.C/A+,ASSA
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*hree Baic Cate#orie o MotionSytem in CNC
Point to Point 1 No contourin# capability
Strai#ht cut control 1 one a'i motion at a time i controlled or mac
Contourin# 1 multiple a'i5 controlled imultaneouly
N S.C/A+,ASSA
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Ho- CNC machine perorm an operatiothe -ork piece6
*o perorm an operation -e hae to -ri
a Part Program -hich can be preparedmanually(#enerally or mall pro#ram)automatically prepared(or comple'
#eometrical hape) -ith the help oot-are packa#e.
N S.C/A+,ASSA
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4hat i a Part Pro#ram
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