The Second Industrial
Revolution
The Expanding Industrial Economy
Railroads and the National Market
Andrew Carnegie
J.P. Morgan
John Rockefeller
Steel Production, 1880-1914
American Attitudes Toward the Robber Barons
The Haves vs. the Have-Nots
This was the cover of Matthew Hale Smith’s book about NYC. This illustrates the growing fear of rising poverty in the midst of growing wealth
A View of Urban Poverty
Jacob A. Riis, author How the other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (1890)
Gilded Age Politics
Political Corruption
Political Stalemate
How healthy was Gilded Age politics?
Gilded Age Society
American Social Darwinism
William Graham Sumner
What a blessing to let the unreformed drunkard and his children die, and not increase them above all others…How wise to let those of weak digestion from gluttony die, and the temperate to live. What benevolence to let the lawless perish, and the prudent survive.
--The Christian Advocate(1879)
Debating Freedom in the Gilded Age
Horace White
The right of each man to labor as much or as little as he chooses , and to enjoy his own earnings, is the very foundation stone of….freedom.
The Overwhelming Labor Question
The Knights of Labor
Terrance Powderly
Henry GeorgeSo long as all the increased wealth which modern progress brings goes but to build up great fortunes, to increase luxury and make sharper the contrast between the House of Have and the House of Want, progress is not real and cannot be permanent.
--Henry George, Progress and Poverty
Edward Bellamy
Bellamy’s Utopia
The Social Gospel
Walter Rauschenbusch
Labor Unrest
1880-1900: more than 23,000 strikes (most in the industrial world)
The Haymarket Riot, 1886
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