Download - Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Transcript
Page 1: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

ALBEDO PROJECTing. Sandro Cecchi

ALBEDO Company's Network CoordinatorFounder of Italian Center

Consortium (www.myitaliancenter.com) Director of Sound Art Festival SGUARDI SONORI,

cell.3489355169 e-mail: [email protected] tel./fax: 06.6869222

Via del Tempio 1 00186 Roma,

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

Via del Tempio 1 00186 Roma,www.linkedin.com/in/sandrocecchiwww.facebook.com/sandro.tre

Page 2: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Benefits

One of the major concern uman kind is facing is the global warmingwith all its implications on Earth life.

Several studies and initiatives are in progress to mitigate the effectincluding the Kyoto protocol.

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

A new concept has been developed fromUniversity of Perugia whereglobal warming is limited by reducing the Earth energy absorption.

The idea can bring to thedevelopment of a measurement andcertification System that can be compatible with Kyoto protocoland be self sustainable.

Page 3: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

List of content• Introduction

• Scientific background

• Users and applications

• Mission & service definition

• System architecture

• Payload requirement

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

• Payload requirement

• Actors

• Business model

• Implementation plan

• Funding scheme

• Conclusions

Page 4: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Introduction (1)The current internationally accepted techniques for the mitigation ofglobal warming followed by two methodological approaches: the firstinvolves thecapture of CO2 released into the atmosphere, the secondis thereduction of CO2 emissions.

First approach includes all of the technologies for the sequestration andgeological sequestration of CO2 emitted by combustion processes orduringtheextractionof fossil fuels.

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

duringtheextractionof fossil fuels.

Head instead to the second approach are the technologies for theproduction of energy fromrenewable sources and practices for energyand energy efficiency improvement.

In both approaches, however, the end result remains the reductionof the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere would involverecognizing that the element responsible for global warming.

Page 5: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Introduction (2)The approach here proposed, which is complementary to thosementioned above, however,provides for the compensation of theincrease in temperature produced by greenhouse gases, usingtechniques that allowyou to control the amount of energy absorbedfrom the Sun and the Earth’s surface or the reflected energy fromtheearthinto space.

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

earthinto space.

In this regard, a study conducted by CIRIAF-University of Perugia(Patent No. PGand PG2006 A 0086 2007 A 0009) which has alreadywon several awards fromthe international scientific community, foundthat an area of 10 square meters of high average albedo is able tooffset, in terms of global warming, the effect produced by the entryinto the atmosphereone tonne of carbon dioxide.

Page 6: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Introduction (3)

The University of Perugia with the collaboration of a bundle ofIndustries is nowproposing to developa specific measurement andcertification system that can be used to comply with Kyoto Protocolobjectivesandprovideglobalwarmingmitigation.

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

objectivesandprovideglobalwarmingmitigation.

The systemis based ona space and ground infrastructure plus adedicated agencydevoted to the assessment and certification.

Page 7: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Scientific backgroundGlobal Warming

• Atmospheric concentration of CO2 is currently nearly40 % above itspreindustrial level (from285to 380 ppm).

• By IPCC 4th Assessment Report GWis mainly due to human-inducedeffects.

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

+ 0.64 Celsius degrees on the last fifty years

Page 8: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

Page 9: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Scientific backgroundGlobal Warming consequences

ECONOMIC

‐ Costs induced by extreme weather eventscan rise up to 25% of GDP on affectedcountries.

GEOGRAPHIC

‐ sea-level rise predicted at 2100:min 0.22 m,max 0.44 m.

- 20 % rain falling increase on South Asia by2050, 10 % less annual rainfall on sub-SaharanAfrica .

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

HEALTHSOCIAL

‐ 400 milion additional popolation at risk formalaria.

‐ 3.5 billion additional people at risk dengue.

‐ 300 % heat-related death increase in 2100.

‐ Increase in malnutrition.

‐ 4.3 - 6.9 billion of people living in severelystressed river basins.

‐ 200 million of climate migrants by 2050.

‐ 50 % fall of rain-fed agricolture in sub-Saharan Africa by 2020.

‐ 40 - 140 million of people flooded per yearby 2100.

SaharanAfrica .

Page 10: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Scientific backgroundMitigation of Global Warming

CO

ST

S

Energy production by renewables (e.g., biomass, solar, wind, geothermal, hydroelectric, etc.) or nuclear(Is it renewable?)

Energy saving (Green building, energy saving practices and behaviours, etc.)

EF

FE

CT

ON

GW

MIT

IGA

TIO

N

CH

NO

LOG

ICA

L C

OM

PLE

XIT

Y

CO

ST

Sgeothermal, hydroelectric, etc.) or nuclear(Is it renewable?)

Increasing the efficiency on energy production and use

Greenhouse gases captureand sequestration

EF

FE

CT

ON

GW

MIT

IGA

TIO

N

TE

CH

NO

LOG

ICA

L C

OM

PLE

XIT

Y

BEST RESULTS BY SIMPLER AND CHEAPER METHODS !!!

Page 11: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Scientific backgroundSolar Radiation Management - SRM

• Earth albedoplays an CRUCIAL role on Earth temperature.

• Artificial enhancement of terrestrial albedo (SRM)maycontribute to offset CO2 effect on earth average temperature.

ETIOLOGY

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

SURFACE ALBEDO

INCREASE

GLOBAL AVERAGE

TEMPERATUREDECREASE

CO2EMISSIONS

OFFSET

ETIOLOGY

Page 12: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Scientific backgroundModeling of GW mitigation

• Several models are still available to predict the effect of Earth albedoon earth temperature.

• A new method (CIRIAF PATENT) is the only one that takes intoaccount thehigh albedo surface peculiarities:(latitude, tilt angle,azimuthangle,albedo).

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

azimuthangle,albedo).

( )MτrγβαfCO sOFFSET ,,,,,2 =

Latitude Tilt angle

Azimuth angle

Surfacesolar

albedo

Time

Meteo conditions

Page 13: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Scientific background

+∆ALBEDO POSITIONMETEO

INPUT DATA

+∆CO2

INPUT DATA

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

CO2 vs Tradiative forcing method by IPPC

ATMOSPHERICMODEL - ∆T ∆T+

0

VIS+IR

Page 14: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

ALBEDOENHANCEMENT

Scientific background

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

GLOBAL WARMING

MITIGATION

BUILDING PASSIVE COOLING

CO2OFFSET

AVOIDED CO 2EMISSIONS+

Page 15: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Users and applicationsINHERENTLY COOL ROOFS GREEN ROOFS

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

COATED COOL ROOFS

Slope Solar Reflectance SRI

Energy StarUS GBC LEED

Low 0.65 78

Steep 0.25 29

Certification requirements fordifferent cool roof programs

Page 16: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Users and applicationsSALT PANSARCHITECTONIC

STRUCTURES

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

ARBOREAL SPECIES

Page 17: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Users and applications

1 ton of CO2eq is half absorbed by ecosystem and half contributes to increase atmospheric concentration.

To compensate 1 ton of CO2,eqreleased into the atmosphere 4 m2 @ r = 0.9 ALBEDO surface are required in Rome.

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

Which is the potential value of 1 m2 @ r = 0.9 in Rome today?

3 € for 30yrs exposure!!!!!

Page 18: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

INCOMINGS FROM 1.000 M2 OFHIGH ALBEDO SURFACES

(r = 0.9)

NIAMEY ROME PARIS

LOCALITY 1 LOCALITY 2 LOCALITY 3

Users and applications

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

NIAMEY (NIGER)5.200 €

174 €/yrs

ROME (ITALY)3.250 €

109 €/yrs

PARIS (FRANCE)

2.600 €87 €/yrs

HOW CAN WE GET IT ?????

Page 19: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Users and applicationsA proposal for certificate

PROJECTSAPPROVAL

CREDITSISSUING

TASKS

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

ISSUING

MARKET REGULATION

PERIODIC ALBEDO MONITORING

(AlbedoSat)

Page 20: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Albedo space mission

The Albedo project needs specifc measuremt in terms ofspatial resolution and spectral bandwidth that can’t bederived fromcurrent satellite missions

Thereforeit is neededto developa newsatellite specifically

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

Thereforeit is neededto developa newsatellite specificallydesigned to accomplish the task.

The satellite can be based on the already available Italian technology and small satellite design.

Page 21: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

• LEO orbit sunsynchronuos with altitude in the range of400 - 500 km

• Local time = 10-12 (10:30 target )• Coverageworldwide

Albedo spacemissionrequirement

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

• Coverageworldwide• Revisit time: 6-8 months (can be reduce adding more

satellites)• Payload: optical payload with multiband measurement

Page 22: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

preliminary requirements for pan camera

Payload

Mission requirement

Optical Payload will be composed of a pancromaticcamera plus a channel covering the spectrumfrom 0,4to 4,5 micron

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

preliminary requirements for pan camera

• Observation BW 0,4-0,9 micron• GSD:2-2,5m• nadir looking swath: 20x20 km2• S/N>200 (nadir looking, time passage 10:30)• MTF>0,15• Quantization (not compressed): 12 bit

Page 23: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

• Banda di osservazione: 0.4-4.5 micron

• Pixel spatial Resolution: 4-5 m

Wide channel requirement

Albedosat missionrequirements

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

• Pixel spatial Resolution: 4-5 m

• S/N: 200 @ 650 nm

• Bits per sample :12 bits

Page 24: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

• Dry Mass 250 Kg (payload/piattaforma = 30%)• EOL Power: 150 W • Compatibility with a large range of launcher• Stabilization: 3 axis stabilized• Boresightpointingaccuracy: < 0,1° on eachaxis

Mission requirementPlatform

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

• Boresightpointingaccuracy: < 0,1° on eachaxis• Pointing knowledge < 0,02° for each axis• Tilt manouvers: +/-65° along e cross track• Pointing velocity: 1°/sec• Life time: 5 years

Page 25: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

PancromaticCamera

Wide spectrumchannel

Comments

Coverage

Revisit Time

resolution

Applications Areas

Vegetation

AlbedoSat Mission RequirementsApplications

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

Vegetation

Agriculture

Land use and mapping

Hydrology

Coastal Resources

Albedo

Page 26: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

GROUND CONTROL CENTER

SATELLITE

GROUND SEGMENT

TT&C Station

PLATFORM

OBC

S- Band TX/RC

USER SEGMENT

PAYLOAD

PE (Payload Electronics)

X- Band TX

X- Band downlink Station

Housekeeping data and tracking information

Image data Satellite macro commands

AlbedoSat mission architecture

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

SCC(Satellite Control Center)

MCC(Mission Control Center)

FDC (Flight Dynamics

Center)

Mission Planning System

USER

Web Interface

- Request acquisition plan- Modify/Delete acquisition plan- Planning Acceptance

- Planning confirmation and time acquisition - Last planning

Acquisition Data

Generation Product

Data&Product retrieval

Data&Product Request

User requestData&Product delivery

Data&Product Archive Catalogue

Ancillary data

Mission M&C Payload M&C

Mission Simulator

Mission Database System

Page 27: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

Potential Actors & Implementation

• Scientific organization (Kyoto Protocol, European Environment Agency, CNR, ISPRA)

• Institutions (UE, Italian Ministery of Environment and Research, ASI)• Industry (Albedo Consortium, Italian and European SME, Chinese

companies)• International partners (Italy-China-UE-Third World Development

Countries)

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

IMPLEMENTATION

Public Private Partnership (World Bank, BEI, Albedo Consortium, Third World Development Countries, World Albedo Agency)

The project will be also devoted to generate richness in the Third DevelopmentCountries implementing the augmentation the sun light reflection in largedesertic areas or in extensive populated areas.

Page 28: Albedo Project Presentation Rev2

ConclusionsCost of the project: 100 M€80M€ for satellite, 20M€ for the Albedo Agency. Italy willdevelop the satellite instrument (30M€) and China may providethe bus and the launch

Return fromthe InvestmentAssumingto sell thecertificationsin a princerangefrom 2 to 5%

ing. Sandro Cecchi - ALBEDO Company's Network Coordinator

Assumingto sell thecertificationsin a princerangefrom 2 to 5%of the value of carbon credits the Agency may gain from2 to 5 €for each 100m2 surface certification. The surface annuallycerficable may range froma minimum of 10.000.000.000m2 tothe maximum allowed by satellite operations. Fromthisconservative assumption the sustanaibility of the Albedo Agencyis largely demonstrated.