AIM: Compare rotation to revolution. What causes day and night?
OBJ: Given notes, video and activity sheet SWBAT explain the difference between rotation and revolution as well as what causes day and night with 70% accuracy
DN: Distribute Astronomy Activity Sheet (w/ answer key);Astronomy Review Sheets (w/ answer key)
ACT: Introduction to Rotation, Revolution (notes)Complete: What Causes Day and Night? Act. Sheet
HW: Complete Earth in Space Activity Sheet; Astronomy Exam, Dec 19.
Movement of Earth through SpaceRotation: spinning of planet on its axis
Axis: imaginary line that passes through center of planet from north pole to south pole
Earth’s Rotation
Rate & Direction: 24 hrs, counterclockwise.
Rotation is the cause of day
and night. Movement:
west→east; sunrise: east,
sunset: west.
side facing sun: day
side facing away from sun:
night
Day vs. Night
Day & Nighthttp://macmillanmh.com/science/2008/student/na/scienceinmotion/Common/SIM.html?Module=../Grade1/Chapter8-EarthMoves/
Evidence of Rotation:
star trails, sunspot
movement, storm/cloud
movement
Polaris (North Star):
a star that remains
stationary in the night sky
found directly above the
north pole axis.
Sunspot Movement by Rotation
cloud/storm movement by rotation
Movement of Earth through SpaceRevolution: movement of one object around another object (e.g., earth around sun).
Earth’s Revolution
Rate & Direction:year (365.25 days),
counterclockwise
Orbit: path of one
object around another
object; elliptical (oval) shaped
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0408/es0408page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Evidence of Revolution: movement of different constellations seen in the night sky over the course of a year.
Constellation:
cluster of stars that
form an imaginary
mythological image
READING TIME ZONESIf it is 2 AM in NY, what time is it in California? Boulder Colorado? Different time zones are the result of _________?
8:47 9:47 10:47 11:47
Do: What Causes Day and Night? Activity Sheet
The SeasonsWhy equator hot and poles cold?
Weather: due to the uneven heating of the earth’s surface
Direct rays
Indirect rays
Indirect rays
Heat energy spread outcooling effect
Heat energyconcentrated
Heat energy spread outcooling effect
The SeasonsSeasons: winter, spring, summer, fall (autumn);
changes in precipitation and temperature during the year.
Cause of the Seasons: tilt of the earth’s axis
Earth’s Tilt: 23.5° from vertical
0° tilt: spring, fall only
23.5° tilt: moderate temperatures
winter (cold), spring, summer (warm), fall
35°- 45° tilt: extreme temperatures
winter (v. cold), spring, summer (v. hot), fall
IMPORTANT:
north pole axis facing Sun: Summer
north pole axis facing away from Sun: Winter
Seasons NOT caused by change in Earth’s distance from the Sun
Earth farthest from Sun: summer (Northern Hemisphere)
Earth closest to Sun: winter (Northern Hemisphere)
Seasonshttp://macmillanmh.com/science/2008/student/na/scienceinmotion/Common/SIM.html?Module=../Grade4/Chapter8-EarthRevolvesAroundTheSun/
The SeasonsSolstice: shortest or longest day of the year
Northern Hemisphere (NYS)
Summer Solstice - June 21
N.P. axis faces towards Sun
More hours daylight
40°N-45°N: 15 hrs light
________________ opposite ________________
Southern Hemisphere
Winter Solstice – June 21
S.P. axis faces away Sun
Less hours daylight
40°S-45°S: 9 hrs light
The Seasons
Summer Solstice June 21
Winter SolsticeDec 21
Warm Warm
Cold
Cold
Towards SunAway Sun
The SeasonsEquinox: equal day & night (12 hours);
1st day spring/fallMarch 21, Sept 23 – 12 hour
day everywhere on earth
N.P. axis not facing
towards or away from Sun
At Equator:
12 hrs daylight
12 hrs darkness
year round;
Sun 90° directly overhead.
The Seasons
Summer Solstice June 21
Winter SolsticeDec 21
Warm Warm
Cold
Cold
Towards SunAway Sun
The SeasonsNorthern Hemisphere (NYS)
Winter Solstice – Dec 21
N.P. axis faces away from Sun
Less hours daylight
40°N-45°N: 9 hrs light_____________________ opposite ___________________
Southern Hemisphere
Summer Solstice – Dec 21 (yes, Christmas!!)
S.P. axis faces towards Sun
More hours daylight
40°S-45°S: 15 hrs light
The Seasons
Summer Solstice June 21
Winter SolsticeDec 21
Warm Warm
Cold
Cold
Towards SunAway Sun
The Seasons
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F1nL_M1G1Xw
Wintersolstice
Summersolstice
23.5°N
23.5°S
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