AdBlue – what is it ?
• A compound manufactured by combining Ammonia (NH3) with Carbon Dioxide (CO2) under high pressure and used traditionally as a fertiliser.
• Urea solution 32.5% urea / 67.5% water.
• Marketed as AdBlue and conforms to DIN V70070
NH2
|
C = 0
|
NH2
Abstract- Emissions of Diesel engines contain some hazardous components- Particulate and NOx-emissions can be reduced by the SCR technology (Selective Catalytic Reduction)- A reduction agent has to be injected into the exhaust upstream of a catalyst
Truck Market- SCR technology was used with Diesel engines since mid-80s- 1991 : joint development between DaimlerChrysler, MAN, Iveco and Siemens to use this technology on Heavy Duty Trucks (HDT)- SCR technology is meeting Euro 4 and Euro 5 European Regulations- SCR technology is now used by all main truck makers : Mercedes-Benz, MAN, Volvo, Renault, Mack, Iveco, DAF,… except Scania - SCR technology: key players are Bosch and Cummins Emissions Solutions (part of Cummins)
Reduction agent- Aqueous solution of Urea : commercial name is AdBlueTM conforms to DIN V70070- AdBlue is a non toxic and non smelling liquid- The AdBlue consumption is about 5% of the Diesel fuel consumption
History
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Cleaner ProductsEnvironmental Challenge
PM
(P
arti
cula
te M
atte
r) [
g/k
Wh
]
Euro 3
Euro 2
Euro 4Euro 5
US 07
US 02
2010
1996
NOx [g/kWh]
US
10
SCR system for trucksAdditional equipmentlocated close to the Fuel Diesel tank
Woking principle- injection of AdBlue inside exhaust upstream- NOx is reduced into N2 (Nitrogen) and H2O (water)- Spray of AdBlue in the exhaust : less than 0.1 second dwell time
Typical AdBlue pipe dimensions
AdBlue tank - pump feed: 8x1mm
AdBlue tank –pump return: 8x1mm
Pump – injector: 5x1mm
Basic Principle of Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)
AdBlue Hose Assemblies - Unheated
The technology is based on Cummins Emissions Solutions SCR system– Grundfos AdBlue pump (air activated)– SAE quick connector ports as specified by Allen Group
• Easy to install, no leak
– Ø6.30mm used on injection lines / 5x1mm tubing– Ø7.89 or 9.49mm used on feed / return lines (poke yoke) / 8x1mm tubing– Injection line is fluoropolymer lined for low friction (Allen design)
• Minimize AdBlue crystallization
– Validated by Cummins Emission Solution Europe
• Existing customers– 6 customers to date (including Leyland Trucks)
Injection Line (self purging, always unheated)
5x1mm tube
6.30mm SAE fitting
Injection nozzle
Exhaust with catalyst
Unheated Feed and Return Lines
Pump sideAdBlue tank side(with level sensor)
8x1mm tubing 7.89 / 9.49mm SAE fittingsPoke Yoked for installation
Key features
– Proprietary design– High bend radius – small envelope– PA12 core tube– Proprietary conductive polymer formulation– Insulating sheath to provide isolation from the vehicle– AdBlue resistant SAE J2044 quick fit connectors– Standard 2 pole / 4 pole electrical connectors– Water ingress resistant to IP67– Thermostatic control– Constant temperature sensing - reduced energy input via control box– Allen designed control box– Power input of 20W/m– Validation to Allen specification and customer standards– Developments with 5 OE customers
AdBlue Hose Assemblies - Heated
AdBlue Hose Assembly - Heated
ELECTICAL CONNECTION
QUICKCONNECTOR
PROPRIETARY CONSTRUCTION
CORRUGATED HOSE
Technical dataAt a power input of 20W/m down to an ambient temperature of -38˚C, the hoses are capable of melting frozen urea from within the tubes to enable dosing by the SCR system within 30 minutes of activation of the system by the operator.
Temperature data for heated AdBlue hose (Power = 20 W/m)
-45
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
00 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Time (minutes)
23°C -40°C-36°C-30°C
Tem
perature (˚C)
AdBlue Hose Assembly - Heated
Advantages over competition (1)
Methods of heating AdBlue Hoses• Electrical heating
• Nissan Diesel, Volvo 3P, Leyland Trucks• Coolant water heating
• Scania
Differences in the heating methods• Electrical heating
1. AdBlue heating achieved by electrical power in a ‘cable’2. Consistent and rapid heating3. Will achieve emission regulations for Euro 6 engines
• Coolant water heating1. AdBlue heating achieved by hot coolant water in double skin hose2. Inconsistent and slow heating,
3. Will not achieve emission regulations for Euro 6 engines
Advantages over competition (2)
Competitors• ContiTech / SAE fittings: Bosch DINOX 2 – Electrical: Volvo• ContiTech / Voss fittings: Bosch DINOX 1 – Coolant: Scania• Nitta Moore / Voss 246 fittings: Bosch DINOX 1 – Electrical: Nissan
Advantages of Allen System over competition1. Compact hose design (less weight, high bend radius)2. SAE fittings (easy to install, disconnect, no leakage)3. Compatible with Bosch DINOX 2 and Cummins SCR system4. Lowest energy consumption of all electrically heated hoses5. Controlled heating, via control box6. IP67 rated7. EMC tested
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