Multipurpose schemes
Electricity production = 2nd objectiveMain multipurpose schemes = water networksThe 1rst objective:• to supply drinking water• to collect and treat wastewater• to irrigate
• Existing infrastructures (pipes, water chamber, head water basin…)
Excess pressure of adduction water networks can be used to generate energy
Bases: MHyLab's references, as 31 (among 53) 31 (among 53) of the of the MHyLabMHyLab designed turbines are set on designed turbines are set on water networkswater networks (+ numerous feasibility studies)
Drinking water turbining
Savièse turbine on drinking water (CH)1 Pelton, vertical axis,3 nozzlesFirst starting up: 2004Gross head: 217 mMax. discharge: 300 l/sMax. electrical output: 465 kW
• To replace pressure-breakers• Without any impacts on water quality:
Turbine schemes similar to pumping ones
• With a by-pass to respect the first objective of the scheme
Precautions:• Stainless steel
• No contact between water / grease
Annual production: 1.8 GWh/yearTechnical design: MHyLabTurbine supplier: GASA SA (CH)Operator: Savièse commune
Savièse: 3 turbines on its drinking water network and projects of 2 other ones
Photo sources: MHyLab, Savièse, Gasa SA
Disassembly necessaryDisassembly necessaryWater accessyesnoAutomatic by pass
Cast, black steel, stainless steel, bronze
Cast, black steel, stainless steel, bronze
Usual building materials of the hydraulic machine
Yes, if electrical power is higher than a few tens
of kW
Yes, if electrical power is higher than a few tens
of kW
Medium voltage / high voltage transformer
yesyesElectrical boxesyes (generator)yes (engine)Electrical machine
yesyesRoller bearings greased for life
yesyesCasing and runner in contact with water
yesyesShaft joints
yesyesRunner linked to a rotating shaftyesnoDischarge regulation device
yesyesInlet valve
Turbining stationPumping station
Low-head drinking water turbineCurrent project in Italy
Photo sources: MHyLab, Nuove Acque
Axial turbine (regulating device)Horizontal axisHead = 12.5 mQ = 380 l/sVariable speedPm = 38 kWProduction = 350'000 kWh/year(electricity consumption of 70 households)Designer: MHyLabManufacturer: Desgranges Sarl (France)Operator: Nuove Acque (Italy)
Similar project in Lausanne (CH)
Turbine as a by-passof the current pressure breaker valve
Runner
valve
6 blade axial turbine
runner
Photo sources: MHyLab
Turbines on wastewater networks
Wastewater turbiningbefore the treatment
stationWastewater
turbining after the treatment station
Turbining station
Turbining station
Screening & decanting station
WWTP
WWTP
Wastewater treatment plant
Water stream
Wastewater treatment plant
• 1 Pelton, vertical axis• 2 nozzles• Difference in levels: 450 m• Max. discharge: 100 l/s• Electrical output: 350 kW• Production: 825'000 kWh/year(electricity consumption of 165 households)• Investment: 365'000 €• Design: MHyLab (CH)• Turbine supplier: Gasa SA (CH)• Operator: SIB Services Industriels de Bagnes (wastewater treatment service)
Châble Profay SHP (CH) on wastewater
Rehabilitation - 2008
Photo sources: MHyLab, Gasa SA, SIB
Penstock and turbine designs Penstock and turbine designs specific to raw wastewaterspecific to raw wastewater• penstock internal diameter• materials• by-passTurbine design: • suppression of all potential zones where wastes could accumulate• easy dismantling for cleaning• …For Pelton:• no needle bearing cross bars• no deflectors (security device)• …
Châble Profay SHP on wastewater
Rehabilitation - 2008
Photo sources: MHyLab, Gasa SA, SIB
SHPs before and after the WWTP:Amman city, As Samra WWTP (Jordan)
Photo sources: MHyLab
Treated-water SHP:2 Francis, vertical axisFirst starting up: 2006Difference in levels: 42 mInstallation discharge: 4.6 m3/sElectrical output: 807 kW per turbineAnnual production: 8.6 GWh/year
Row-water SHP:2 Pelton, vertical axis, 5 nozzlesFirst starting up: 2006Difference in levels : 104 mInstallation discharge: 2.5 m3/sElectrical output: 830 kW per turbineAnnual production: 12.5 GWh/year
Project: Suez Group & Ondéon Degrémont (Fr)Engineering: MHyLab
Turbine supplier: Andritz VATECH
• Armary: •Small water stream flowing between Montherod and Allaman•Historically canalized to water the lands of Allaman castle•Pumped by the farmers to irrigate their fields•Since 2006: stream under load:•To irrigate the fields (145 hectares): •= water available for the farmers at the pressure directly suitable to their jets (� 10 bar) (no pumps are needed: reduction of the electricity consumption)•To generate electricity (turbine regulated from the upstream water level in the loading basin: the turbine should never stop)
Armary power plant - Aubonne
• Start up: 2006•Pelton, 2 nozzles•Difference in altitude: 105 m•Nominal discharge: 90 l/s•Electrical output: 68 kW•Electrical production: 454'000 kWh/year (the consumption of 100 households)•Hydraulic design: MHyLab•Manufacturer: Gasa SA (Lausanne)•Operator: le Groupe Arrosage(Aubonne)•Investment: 650'000 CHF•Cost price: 10 cts CHF/kWh
Armary power plant - Aubonne
1416/02/2009
La La DouveDouve II (Swiss Alps) II (Swiss Alps) on on treated wastewatertreated wastewater
1 Pelton, vertical axis2 nozzlesStarting up: 2001Net head: 79 mMax. discharge: 108l/sMax. electrical output: 75kWProduction: 400 MWh/year
Technical design: MHyLabTurbine supplier: Gasa Sa (CH)Erection: 4 months at workshop
and 23 minutes on site
Turbines on drinking water networksPotentials in Switzerland
Savièse turbine on drinking waterPhoto sources: MHyLab, Savièse, Gasa Sa
Small hydropower plants (SHP) in operation : around 90 turbines (24 MHyLab designed turbines)in 1901 was set a turbine on drinking water in the Lake of Geneva area–1'600 kW, 6'600'000 kWh/year -1320 households-
• Remaining potential in Switzerland• 380 SHPs• 175'000'000 kWh/year (or the electricity consumption of 35'000 households)
Sources: Suisse Energie
Turbines on wastewater networksPotentials in Switzerland
Small hydropower plants in operation: • On raw wastewater: 1 (MHyLab)• On treated wastewater: 8 (1 MHyLab)
Remaining potential: • On raw wastewater: around 80 SHP or 30'000'000 kWh/year (electricity consumption of 6000 households)• On treated wastewater: around 40 SHP or 15'000'000 kWh/year (electricity consumption 3000 households)
Le Châble-Profay runner on wastewaterPhoto sources: MHyLab, Gasa Sa, SIB
Sources: Suisse Energie
• feasibility study:• for the definition of the site characteristics:
• discharges – flow duration curve• head • head losses
• for the definition of the turbine nominal discharge and head• turbine developed in laboratory supplied with proven efficiency guarantees• specific design for raw wastewater• integration of a by-pass to respect the first objective of the multipurpose scheme
Success keys
Conclusions
• Other kinds of multipurpose schemes• irrigation networks ( ex. in Switzerland, in Italy)• biomass plant (cooling system, ex. in Spain)• desalting systems
• An interesting remaining potential worldwide• Optimal use of resources • Long life equipment• Positive impacts on environment• Financial opportunity for communes and networks companies• Efficient available techniques, still improved so as notably to reduce cost (investments and operation ones)
• SHAPES will publish a brochure in 2010 on multipurpose schemes with potentials, technical analysis & cases presentations from all around Europe (www.esha.be)
To know more
CH- 1354 MontcherandSwitzerland
Tel.: +41 24 442 87 87Fax: +41 24 441 36 54