The Water Account Australia 2008-09:
Background and Main Findings
ABS House45 Benjamin Way, Belconnen ACT
29 November 2010
Background
• 4th ABS Water Account Australia
– Last release 28 November 2006
• Changes since last time
– Adoption of the SEEA-Water 2007
– Water Act 2007
• The Water Account Australia is part
of a developing program of
environmental-economic accounts
at the ABS
Information silos
• Data developed to answer one particular question or problem
• Difficult to figure out if all information is included
• Not always easy to see the whole picture, or how it relates to other things
Source: Julie Hass, Statistics Norway
Environmental-Economic Accounting• Help to make sense
of the larger picture
• Help to identify pieces that are missing
• Can make connections to other statistics - especially economic statistics
Source: Julie Hass, Statistics Norway
Information
Data users
Audiences for information Indicators and accounts
Data items
SEEA-W
Standard tables
Supplementary tables
Indicators
Decision makers & wider public
Managers
and analysts
Researchers
Yes
Analysis
Research
Advice
Headline indicators
Indicators on
specific subjects
or industriesIs there an issue?
SEEA-Water
Economy
Exports
Evapo-
transpiration
Other Industries
(incl. Agriculture)
Imports
Abstraction
Sea
Atmosphere
Collection of
precipitation
Households
Abstr
actio
n
Water collection,
treatment and supply
Inland Water Resource System
Surface water(reservoirs, lakes, rivers,
snow, ice and glaciers)Soil water
Groundwater
upstream
basins and
aquifers
outside
the territory
of reference
Natural transfers
(e.g. infiltration,
seepage, etc.)
Sea
Inflows
downstream
basins and
aquifers
outside
the territory
of reference
Outflows
Pre
cip
itation
Evap
o-
tra
nsp
ira
tio
n
Sewerage
Rest of
the World
EconomyRest of
the World
Economy
Re
turn
s
Retu
rns
Re
turn
s
• Economy and environment
• Stocks and flows
• Monetary and physical
• Pollution
• Water quality
12 Standard Tables of SEEA-Water
1. Physical supply
2. Physical use
3. Gross and net emissions (of pollution)
4. Emissions (of pollution) by Sewerage Industry (ISIC 37)
5. Hybrid (Monetary and Physical) supply
6. Hybrid use
7. Hybrid supply and use
8. Hybrid water supply and sewerage for own use
9. Government accounts for water related collective consumption services (Monetary)
10. National expenditure for waste management (Monetary)
11. Financial accounts for waste water management (Monetary)
12. Asset account (Physical)
Plus 12 Supplementary tables
BoM
ABS
ABS
Source of pressure on water resources:
• Macro trends in total water use, emissions, water use by natural source and purpose, etc. ‘Decoupling’ economic growth and water use, pollution
• Industry-level trends: indicators used for environmental-economic profiles
• Technology and driving forces: water intensity/productivity and total (domestic) water requirements to meet final demand
• Modelling. E.g. projections of future water needs, impact of reduced water availability on economic activity or environmental health
Uses of water accounts
Data sources for the Water Account Australia
ABS surveys
– Water Supply Survey
– Agricultural Survey
– Annual Integrated Collection (of Mining, Manufacturing and other industries)
– Electricity Generators Survey of Water Use
– Household surveys (March Labour Force Supp. Survey)
Other
– National performance reports (NWC and water associations)
– Data from Commonwealth and State/territory governments
– Annual reports of companies
– Research
Main findingsWater consumption down 25% since 2004-05, from
18,767 GL to 14,101 GL
• 38% fall in agriculture – 12,191 GL to 7,589 GL
• Large falls in cotton, rice, dairy pasture and sugar
Value of distributed water supplied is up nearly $2 billion (56%), from $3.5 billion to $5.5 billion
• Household paying $927 million extra
• Businesses paying $994 million extra
Average price of water nearly doubled from $0.40/kL to 0.78/kL
• Household pay the highest average price $1.93/kL
• Agriculture pays the lowest average price $0.12/kL
Main findings, cont.Industry valued added per GL is up $41 million/GL
or 76% from $54 million/GL to $95million/GL
• Largest increase in IVA mining of $129 million/GL or 133% ($97 m to $226m /GL)
• Agriculture up 77% from $2.2 million/GLto $3.9 million/GL
Gross value of irrigated agricultural production up 13% or $1.4 billion from $10.6 to $12 billion
• GVIAP is 29% of the total gross value of agricultural production (almost unchanged since 2004-05 when it was 30%)
• GVIAP peaked in 2006-07 at $12.5 billion and 35% of total gross value of Agriculture production
Climate
Source: Bureau of Meteorology
2009
A1.1 ANNUAL RAINFALL 1992-93 TO 2008-09
1992–93 1996–97 2000–01 2004–05 2008–09
Financial Year
Rainfall
(mm)
0
200
400
600
800
2008-09 2004-05
Water consumption
02000400060008000
100001200014000
Agric
ultu
re
Min
ing
Man
ufac
turin
g
Elec
tricity
Wat
er s
uppl
y
Oth
er in
dust
ry
Hou
seho
ld
ML
(1,0
00 m
3)
2004-05
2008-09
Percentage change 2004-05 to 2008-09
-30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Agriculture
Mining
Manufacturing
Electricity
Water supply
Other industry
Household
Australian water consumption by industries and households
Agricultural activity
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
Cereals for
grain/seed
Cotton Rice Sugar cane Fruit and nuts Grapes Vegetables for
human
consumption and
seed
Dairy pasture Other agricultural
water use
GL
2004-05 2008-09
Water consumption by State
-50% -40% -30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20%
NSW
Vic.
Qld
SA
WA
Tas.
NT
ACT
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
NSW Vic. Qld SA WA Tas. NT ACT
GL
2004-05 2008-09
Percentage change 2004-05 to 2008-09
Gross State Product per GL
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Australia NSW Vic Qld SA WA Tas NT
kL
2004-05 2008-09
ACT = $384m/GL in 2005-05 and $536m/GL in 2008-09
Industry gross value added per GL of water consumption
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
All industries Mining Manufacturing Electricity Water supply All other
industries
Agriculture
$m
illi
on
pe
r G
L
2004-05 2008-09
From 54 $m/GL in 2004-05 to 95 $m/GL in 2008-09
Inland Water Resources
Water SupplySewerage
HouseholdsElectricityMining Manufacturing*Agriculture
Other industries
? ?
?934448412334?
?
? ?
722
715 336 44841 320 172
3391433267
3626
944228
?
?
?
515
Australia – physical water supply and use, 2008-09 (GL)
1594
79
9336
103 9277 87
?
2
The Sea
1163
Key
Wastewater
Water
Reuse water
33
* Note shown is the supply of distributed water and reuse water by mining and manufacturing, 25 GL in total.
Inland Water Resources
Water Supply
ISIC 36
Sewerage
ISIC 37
HouseholdsElectricity
ISIC 35
Mining*
ISIC 5-9
Manufacturing*
ISIC 10-33
Agriculture
ISIC 1Other ISIC
2,3,38,39, 45-99
6 1406
??????
3
21 208
?
? ? ? ? ?
490153406
?
122977
7
?
?
?
Australia – monetary water supply and use, 2008-09 (million AUD$)
3074
?
?
? ??? ?
3316
?
The Sea
?
Key
Wastewater
Water
Reuse water
* Note shown is the supply of distributed water and reuse water by mining and manufacturing, 25 GL in total. No monetary available for these.
Monetary vs. physical use of distributed water (% of total use)
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Agriculture
Mining
Manufacturing
Water Supply
Electricity
All other Industries
Households
Volume of waterValue of water
2008-09
Australian average water prices for industry and households – $/kL
$-
$0.50
$1.00
$1.50
$2.00
$2.50
Agr
icultu
re
Mining
Man
ufac
turin
g
Elect
ricity
Wat
er sup
ply
Oth
er in
dustrie
s
Hou
seho
lds
Aus
t. Ave
rage
Av
era
ge
pri
ce
pe
r k
L
2004-05 2008-09Households $1.93/kL
Agriculture $0.12/kL
Aust. Average $0.78/kL
Per capita household water consumption
0
50
100
150
200
250
Australia NSW Vic Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT
kL
2000-01 2004-05 2008-09
Some problems in compilation of the water account
• Classification of units to industry in the case of multiple activities and multiple sites.
• Industry classifications used by water suppliers and others does not follow ANZSIC
• Multiple data collections and poor coordination of data sharing
• Many units supplying water or sewerage services are operated by government and data on this specific aspect of services are difficult to separately identify
• Spatial referencing – economic data is related to enterprises and there is generally poor spatial referencing (usually to post code)
• Estimation of losses in distribution
• Recording of the flows for use of water in hydro-electricity and water for cooling
• Definition and reporting of environment flows
Issues
• Timeliness – data available 17 months after reference period
• Higher quality regional data are needed
• Greater disaggregation of industry data
• Surface and groundwater splits
• Data sources are changing (in general improving but still not stable)
• Understanding what and when we can get from other data providers (and especially BoM and NWC)
• Development and application of water accounting standards at business, state, national and international levels
• Appropriate valuation of water and water infrastructure assets
• Better integration of environmental, social and economic data
An Integrated Environmental-Economic Information Systemfor Australia
Bio-physicalSocio-economic
Treasury, ABS, ABARE,
PC, PM&C, DRET,
state/territory, etc
DEWHA, BoM, DCCEE,
Geoscience Australia,
MDBA, BRS, CSIRO,
state/territory, etc
Some agencies and researchers operate across both spaces
researchers
ABS Proposed plan for Integrated Environmental-Economic Account
Energy Account(June 2011)
IntegratedEnvironmental - Economic
Accounts
National Accounts DataLand Account
(Pilot February 2011)
Water Account(29 November 2010)
Waste Account(2011?)
EPE Account(2012?)
Environment Industry Account
(“Green Economy”?)(2014)
Assist others (e.g. BoM, Victorian government,
others)
http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/4655.0.55.001
http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/4655.0.55.001
Thank you to everyone outside of ABS that
has assisted us
Thank you to the ABS team
Thank you for listening
Dr. Michael Vardon
Director
Centre of Environment and Energy Statistics
Contact details
mailto:[email protected]
Rainfall in Australia
Source: Bureau of Meteorology
2009
A1.1 ANNUAL RAINFALL 1992-93 TO 2008-09
1992–93 1996–97 2000–01 2004–05 2008–09
Financial Year
Rainfall
(mm)
0
200
400
600
800
% Annual Rainfall 2008-09
% Annual Rainfall 2004-05
Water consumption
02000400060008000
100001200014000
Agric
ultu
re
Min
ing
Man
ufac
turin
g
Elec
tricity
Wat
er s
uppl
y
Oth
er in
dust
ry
Hou
seho
ld
ML
(1,0
00 m
3)
2004-05
2008-09
Water consumption
Percentage change 2004-05 to 2008-09
-30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Agriculture
Mining
Manufacturing
Electricity
Water supply
Other industry
Household
Water consumption by State
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
NSW Vic. Qld SA WA Tas. NT ACT
GL
2004-05 2008-09
-50% -40% -30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20%
NSW
Vic.
Qld
SA
WA
Tas.
NT
ACT
Australian water consumption by industries and households
Agriculture
Forestry and fishing(a)
Mining
Manufacturing
Electricity and gas supply
Water supply(b)
Other(c)
Household
0 2500 5000 7500 10000 12500
GL
2008–092004–05
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