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Psychological Disorders pg 472
A “harmful dysfunction” in which behaviour is judged to be atypical,disturbing, maladaptive and unjustifiable.
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Psychological Fields
Many fields in psychology relate to psychological disorders:
Abnormal Psychology
Health Psychology Clinical Psychology
Counselling Psychology
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Abnormal Psychology
Abnormal psychology is a field of psychology that
deals with psychopathology and abnormal
behaviour. Clinical psychologists
psychotherapists and counsellors typically wor! inthis field. Mental health professionals help assess
diagnose and treat a wide variety of mental
disorders including an"iety and depression.
#enerally considered that abnormal psychology is
the umbrella term to deal with all psychological
disorders.
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Health Psychology
$he central strategy practiced within health
psychology is the bio%psycho%social design. $he
&ritish Health 'ociety e"plains that health and
disease are the effects of a blending of biologicalpsychological and social factors. &iological
determinants consist of genetic conditions and
inherited personality traits. Psychological factors
are an"iety levels personality features and
lifestyle. 'ocial determinants consist of culturalviews family relationships and support systems.
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Causes of (isorders
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Clinical Psychology
Clinical psychology is concerned with the
assessment diagnosis treatment and prevention
of mental disorders. )hile all clinical
psychologists are interested in mental healththere are actually a wide variety of sub%specialties
within this field. 'ome of these specialty areas
include child mental health adult mental health
learning disabilities health psychology etc.
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Counselling Psychology
$his field is one of the largest individual areas
within psychology. *t is centred on treating clients
e"periencing mental distress and a wide variety of
psychological symptoms. $he 'ociety ofCounselling Psychology describes the field as an
area that can improve interpersonal functioning
throughout life by improving social and emotional
health as well as addressing concerns about
health wor! family marriage and more.
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)hat are we studying+
Abnormal &ehaviour
Psychopathology
Mental (isorder Mental *llness
(eviant &ehaviour
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$he (isclaimer
Please do not start diagnosing yourself your
family friends boyfriends,girlfriends
neighbours classmates teachers or anyone else
you can thin! of
*t will only lead to conflict and trouble-
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'ensitivity please-
*t is important to remember peopleare not ust their disorders/
People are not 0schi1ophrenics20alcoholics2 0autistics2 0phobics2 or0bipolars2% but rather people with
schi1ophrenia alcoholism autism etc.
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How are people withpsychological disorders
portrayed in themedia+
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Are all disordersviewed the same?
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)ho3s 4ormal+ 5our neighbor has physical complaints and sees
several doctors wee!ly.
A 66 year old college student smo!es 7%8 mariuanaoints per day has a 9. #PA has a part%time oband a solid long term relationship.
;achel a three year old girl has been caughtseveral times urinating in the corner at day%care.
A 98 year old very happily married man enoyswearing women3s clothes and underwear on thewee!ends when he and his wife go out on the
town.
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)ho decides what3s
04
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)hat *s Abnormal &ehaviour+
A psychological disorder is characterised as:
4on%typical
'ocially unacceptable
(istressing,harmful to the person
who e"hibits it or to the peoplearound them
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How can we classify and
describe disorders+ $he American Psychological Associations division
9 is health psychology and they focus on
understanding the relationship between health
and illness. $his division concentrates one"amining the psychological determinants that
influence health and they contribute information
to the health care policy system.
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DSM
DiagnosticStatistical Manual
of Mental
Disorders: the big
boo! of disorders. ('M will classify
disorders and
describe the
symptoms. ('M will 4
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#oals of the ('M and *C(
$o provide a system fordiagnosing disorders
$o improve the reliability ofdiagnoses
$o ma!e diagnoses consistent
with research evidence and
clinical e"periences.
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Approaches and Disorders
Psychological Approach Cause of the Disorder
!sychodynamic "nternal, unconscious drives
#umanistic $ailure to strive to one%s potential or
being out of touch with one%s feelings.
&ehavioural 'einforcement history, the
environment.
(ognitive "rrational, dysfunctional thoughts or
ways of thin)ing.
Sociocultural Dysfunctional Society
&iological*+euroscience
-volutionary
/rganic problems, biochemical
imbalances, genetic predispositions.
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