Download - A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

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Page 1: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Section3.5:Energytransfersinandbetweenorganisms3.5.1Photosynthesis3.5.2Respiration3.5.3Energyandecosystems3.5.4Nutrientcycles

A2LevelPaper2and3- Topics5-8Section3.7:Genetics,populations,evolutionandecosystems3.7.1Inheritance3.7.2Populations3.7.3Evolutionmayleadtospeciation3.7.4Populationsinecosystems

Section3.6Organismsrespondtochangesintheirinternalandexternalenvironments3.6.1Stimuli,bothinternalandexternal,aredetectedandleadtoaresponse3.6.1.1Survivalandresponse3.6.1.2Receptors3.6.1.3Controlofheartrate3.6.2Nervousco-ordination3.6.2.1Nerveimpulses3.6.2.2Synaptictransmission3.6.3Skeletalmusclesarestimulatedtocontractbynervesandactaseffectors3.6.4Homeostasisisthemaintenanceofastableinternalenvironment3.6.4.1Principlesofhomeostasis3.6.4.2Controlofbloodglucose concentration3.6.4.3Controlofbloodwaterpotential

Section3.8Thecontrolofgeneexpression3.8.1AlterationofthesequenceofbasesinDNAcanalterthestructureofproteins3.8.2Geneexpressioniscontrolledbyanumberoffeatures3.8.2.1Mostofacell’sDNAisnottranslated3.8.2.2Regulationoftranscriptionandtranslation3.8.2.3Geneexpressionandcancer3.8.3Usinggenomeprojects3.8.4Genetechnologiesallowthestudyandalterationofgenefunctionallowingabetterunderstandingoforganismfunctionandthedesignofnewindustrialandmedicalprocesses3.8.4.1RecombinantDNAtechnology3.8.4.2DifferencesinDNAbetweenindividualsofthesamespeciescanbeexploitedforidentificationanddiagnosisofheritableconditions3.8.4.3Geneticfingerprinting

Page 2: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Howisthestructureofaleafadaptedforefficientphotosynthesis?

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.1Photosynthesis(p269)

Canyougiveanoutlineofwhathappensduringphotosynthesis?

Canyouexplainhowyouwouldusechromatographytoinvestigatepigmentsseparatedfromleavesofdifferentplants?

Page 3: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Canyoudescribeoxidationandreduction?

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.1Photosynthesis– LightDependentReaction(p271)

HowisATPproduced?

Canyoudescribethechemiosmotic theory?

Canyouexplainwhathappensduringphotolysis?

Howarechloroplastsadaptedtocarryoutthelight-dependentreaction?

Howwouldyoucarryoutaninvestigationintoanamedfactorontherateofdehydrogenaseactivityinextractsofchloroplasts?

Page 4: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

ExplainthestepsoftheCalvincycle.Drawadiagraminyouranswer:

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.1Photosynthesis– LightIndependentReaction(p275)

ExplainthelinkbetweentheCalvincycleandlight-dependentreaction:

Howisthechloroplastadaptedtocarryoutthelightindependentreaction?

ExplainhowCalvinusedalollipoptofigureoutthelightindependentreaction:

Page 5: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.1Photosynthesis(p277)

Howdoeslightintensityaffecttherateofphotosynthesis?Drawasketchgraph.

Canyouexplainthelawoflimitingfactors?

Howdoeslightintensityaffecttherateofphotosynthesis?Drawasketchgraph.

Howdoeslightintensityaffecttherateofphotosynthesis?Drawasketchgraph.

Howwouldyouinvestigatetheeffectofafactorontherateofphotosynthesis?

Page 6: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Whatarethemainstagesofglycolysis?

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.2Respiration– Glycolysis(p283)

Wheredoesglycolysisfitintothewholeprocessofrespiration?

Whataretheproductsofglycolysis?

Page 7: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Whathappensduringthelinkreaction?

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.2Respiration– LinkReactionandKrebsCycle(p286)

WhathappensduringKrebscycle?

Whatarethecoenzymesandwhyaretheyimportant?WhyistheKreb’s cyclesosignificant?

Page 8: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Whatistheroleofthemitochondriainrespiration?

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.2Respiration– OxidativePhosphorylation(p289)

Whatistheroleofoxygeninaerobicrespiration?

HowisATPsynthesised intheelectrontransportchain?

Whatisthechemiosmotic theory?

Whataresomealternativerespiratorysubstrates?

Page 9: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Canyoucontrasttheenergyyieldsfromaerobicandanaerobicrespiration?

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.2Respiration– AnaerobicRespiration&Practical(p293)

Howisethanolandcarbondioxideproducedinplantsandsomemicro-organisms?

Howwouldyouinvestigatetheeffectofanamedvariableontherateofrespirationofculturesofsingle-celledorganisms?

Canyouexplainhowenergyisreleasedbyanaerobicrespiration?Howislactateproducedinanimals?

Page 10: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Canyouexplainhowenergyentersanecosystem?

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.3Energyandecosystems(p298)

Canyouexplainhowthefollowingorganismsobtaintheirenergyandnutrients:Producers:

Consumers:

Saprobionts:

Canyouexplainwhatismeantbythefollowingterms:Foodchain:

Trophiclevel:

Foodwebs:

Canyouexplainwhatbiomassis?Andhowitismeasured?

Howisenergytransferredbetweentheorganismsintheecosystem?

Page 11: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Whatpercentageofenergyistransferredfromonetrophicleveltothenext:

Canyouexplainhowenergyislostalongafoodchain?

Whyarefoodchainsusuallylimitedto5trophiclevels?

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.3Energyandecosystems(p298)

Howcanyoucalculatetheefficiencyofenergytransfers?

Percentageefficiency=

WhatismeantbyGrossPrimaryProductivity(GPP)andNetPrimaryProductivity(NPP)?Howcantheybecalculated?

Howdofarmingprocesseslikeintensiverearingreduceenergylosses?

Page 12: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.4Nutrientcycles(p306)

Canyouexplainthebasisofallnutrientcyclesusingthefollowingdiagram?

CanyouusethisdiagramtoexplainwhathappensintheNitrogencycle?

Canyoudescribewhathappensineachstageofthenitrogencycle:Ammonification: Nitrogenfixation:

Nitrification: Denitification:

Page 13: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.4Nutrientcycles(p309)

Canyouexplainwhathappensinthephosphoruscycle? Canyouexplaintheroleofmycorrhizaeinnutrientcycles?

Canyouexplainwhyfertilisers areneededinagriculturalsystems?

Whatarethedifferenttypesoffertilisers?

Canyouexplaintheroleofsaprobionts indecomposition?

Page 14: A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 - StudyWise · A2 Level Paper 2 and 3 - Topics 5 -8 Section 3.7: Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems 3.7.1 Inheritance 3.7.2 Populations

Topic5:EnergyTransfers– 3.5.4Nutrientcycles(p313)

Whydofertilisers increaseproductivity?

Whataresomeenvironmentaleffectsofaddingfertilisers?

Whathappensduringleaching?

Whathappensduringeutrophication?Howwouldthisaffecttheenvironment?


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