“A Water and Wastewater
Utility Guide to
More Sustainable
Energy Management”
Presented by
Peter V. Cavagnaro, P.E., BCEE
Johnson Controls, Inc.
Prepared by
Alicia Chakrabarti, P.E.East Bay MUD
Barry Liner, PhD, P.E.Water Environment Federation
MWEAJune 24, 2013
Change our Mind(set)
• WEF believes that wastewater treatment
plants are NOT waste disposal facilities, but
rather water resource recovery facilities that
produce clean water, recover nutrients (such as phosphorus and nitrogen), and have
the potential to reduce the nation’s
dependence upon fossil fuel through the
production and use of renewable energy.
Energy Summit
• Raleigh, NC
• March 28-29, 2012
• 30 invited participants from the water and power industries
• Outcome
– Energy Roadmap
Energy Roadmap Purpose
• To help utility
managers effectively
plan and implement
efforts to enhance
energy sustainability
• Build off of the wealth
of existing
information
Energy Roadmap Structure
Energy Management Matrices
The core of The Energy Roadmap
ENABLE OPTIMIZEINTEGRATE
Strategic
Management
Organizational Culture
Communication
and Outreach
Demand Side Management
Energy Generation
Innovating for the
Future
Six Topic Areas
with
Three Levels of
Progression
ENABLE OPTIMIZEINTEGRATE
Strategic
Management
Organizational Culture
Communication
and Outreach
Demand Side Management
Energy Generation
Innovating for the
Future
Each Spot on the
matrix contains content
developed during the
Energy Summit and
explained in the
guidance document
The Energy Roadmap Matrix
ENABLE OPTIMIZEINTEGRATE
Strategic
Management
Organizational Culture
Communication
and Outreach
Demand Side
Management
Energy Generation
Innovating for the
Future
Develop
strategy
Develop
message
Continuously
evolve efforts
Evaluate
existing
Research,
partner, mitigate
Full-scale
solutions
Understand
baseline
Detailed
evaluation
Implement
changes
Develop
goal/strategyImplement
generation
Maximize value
Set goal Gather support Prioritize and
implement
Develop
vision, TeamCommunicate,
take action
Empower Team
and staff
Prioritization of Activities
DSM
OC
C&O
SM
EG
IF
Strategic Mgmt
Org. Culture
Comm. & Outreach
Demand Side Mgmt
Energy Generation
Innovating for Future
Level of Importance
Level
of
Ach
ievem
en
t
Enable
Integrate
Optimize
Low Med High
HIGHEST
PRIORITY
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
Strategic Management
Strategic Direction ● Financial Viability ●
Collaborative Partnerships ● Towards Carbon Neutrality
Possible Goals
•75% energy produced onsite
•20% energy conservation •90% energy from renewables
•50% employees on public transportationTime
En
erg
y U
se
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
Organizational Culture
ENERGY VISION
STRATEGIC PLAN
Elected Officials
Staff Staff Staff Staff Staff StaffPERFORMANCE
PLANS
Utility Leadership Group/Management
Energy Vision ● Energy Team ●Staff Development & Alignment
Organizational Culture
Energy Vision ● Energy Team ●
Staff Development & Alignment
Energy
ChampionRegulatory
Compliance
Maintenance
Staff
Planning Staff
Engineering
Staff
Operations
Staff
Organizational Culture
• Training
– Understanding electricity ≠ understanding energy
management
– Energy billing, peak demand
– Lifecycle cost analyses
• Industry Information Sharing
• Rewarding Conservation Incentives
Energy Vision ● Energy Team ●
Staff Development & Alignment
COMMUNICATION AND OUTREACH
Communication and Outreach
• Identify target
stakeholders
• Tailor the approach
• Evolve and grow efforts
Customers and Community ● Regulatory and
Legislative ● Media Outreach ● Environmental
Advocacy Groups ● Water Sector
Tips:
• Be proactive and create the story
• Emphasize the project benefits (stakeholder specific)
• Share lessons learned within the sector
DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT
Demand Side Management
• Review Data– 2 years of bills
• Analyze Costs– Energy charges
– Demand charges
– Rate structure
• Make Changes– Rate structure
– Shift loads
Electricity Costs and Billing ● Power Measurement &
Control ● Energy Management ● Source Control
Demand Side Management
• Analyze Baseline
Energy Use
• Benchmarking by
Process
• Real-time control
Electricity Costs and Billing ● Power Measurement &
Control ● Energy Management ● Source Control
Other (1%)Primary (3%)
Pumping
(15%)
Solids Handling (8%)
Lighting &
Buildings
(10%)
Anaerobic
Digestion
(12%)
Activated
Sludge
(51%)
Demand Side Management
• Energy Audit
• Implement Changes
• Incorporate Energy
into Future Designs
Electricity Costs and Billing ● Power Measurement &
Control ● Energy Management ● Source Control
Reduce Energy Use of Key Equipment By:
� Shutting down
� Operate part time
� Operate with variable speed
� Operate at lower flows
� Operate at lower pressures
� Replace with more efficient equipment
Demand Side Management
• Understand Influent Loading
• Manage Loads to Reduce Energy Use– Reduce Inflow/Infiltration
– Industrial surcharges
• Manage Loads for Energy Production– Incentives for trucked high-strength
waste
Electricity Costs and Billing ● Power Measurement &
Control ● Energy Management ● Source Control
ENERGY GENERATION
Energy Generation
• Set a Production Goal
• Gain Support
• Grow Program
Strategy ● Energy from Water & Wastewater ●
Supplemental Energy Sources ● Renewable Energy Certificates
Energy Generation
Strategy ● Energy from Water & Wastewater ●
Supplemental Energy Sources ● Renewable Energy Certificates
• Hydroelectric power
• Biogas
• Thermal
energy
• Emerging
technologies
Energy Generation
Strategy ● Energy from Water & Wastewater ●
Supplemental Energy Sources ● Renewable Energy Certificates
• Co-digestion
• Solar
• Wind
Energy Generation
• Renewable Portfolio Standard
• Renewable Energy Certificates
– Purchased
– Sold
• Increasingly Significant Value
Strategy ● Energy from Water & Wastewater ●
Supplemental Energy Sources ● Renewable Energy Certificates
33% by 2020
INNOVATING FOR THE FUTURE
Innovating for the Future
• Understand Existing
• Perform Research
– In house
– Collaborative
• Trial New Technologies
Research & Development ● Risk Management ●
Alternative Technologies ● Alt. Management Approaches
Innovating for the Future
• Identify Risks
– Technology
– Financial
– Regulatory
– Market
Research & Development ● Risk Management ●
Alternative Technologies ● Alt. Management Approaches
• Mitigate Risks
– Pilot testing
– Developers expense
– Permitting flexibility
– Predicting energy costs
Innovating for the Future
Research & Development ● Risk Management ●
Alternative Technologies ● Alt. Management Approaches
Treatment Energy Generation
Example: Microbial Fuel Cell Example: Biofuels from FOG or biosolids
Guidance Document
Presents Guidance for all water and wastewater utilities
Detailed discussion on each topic area with
CHECK
LISTS
TESTED
IDEAS
Case Studies
Support
eLearning
An eLearning course scheduled to be
released on June 24th
For more information…
1. Download the Roadmap Matrix
http://www.wef.org/AWK/pages_cs.aspx?id=568
2. Buy the Book (www.e-wef.org)
3. Attend eLearning Course
4. Look for a Workshop at WEFTEC 2013
5. Contact:
Alicia Chakrabarti
510-287-2059
Barry Liner, PhD
Water Science & Engineering Center
Thank you
Peter V. Cavagnaro, P.E., BCEE
Project Development Consultant
Johnson Controls, Inc.
734-255-5523
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