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A brief history and geography of
English
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The British Isles
The British Isles are a group ofislands off the northwest coast ofcontinental Europe which
comprise the island ofGreat Britain, the island ofIreland and a number of smaller islands
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Great Britain
Great Britain is the political term describing the political union of the Kingdoms of England
and Scotland made on 1 May 1707 under Queen Anne of England - "the two kingdoms of
Scotland and England shall...be united into one kingdom by the name of Great Britain".[
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,[12] commonly known as the
United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,[13] is a sovereign state located off the northwestern
coast ofcontinental Europe.
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The Union Jack
When King James VI of Scotland inherited the throne of England and was crowned James I
of England in 1603, the crowns of the Kingdom of England (which since 1535 had included
Wales) and the Kingdom of Scotland were united in a personal union through him. Despitethis Union of the Crowns, each kingdom remained an independent state.
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The Story of English I
The first significant written record of Britain
and its inhabitants was by the GreeknavigatorPytheas, who explored the
coastal region of Britain around 325 BC
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The Story of English II
Roman Britain refers to those parts of the
island of Great Britain controlled by the
Roman Empire betweenAD 43 and 410.
The Romans referred to their province as
Britannia.
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The Story of English IIIMigration ofGermanic peoples to Britainfrom what is now northern Germany and
southern Scandinavia is attested from the
5th century (e.g. Undley bracteate).[8]
Based on Bede's Historia ecclesiastica
gentis Anglorum, the intruding population is
traditionally divided into Angles, Saxonsand Jutes, but their composition was likely
less clear-cut, and may also have included
Frisians and Franks.
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The Story of English IVThe Danelaw, as recorded in theAnglo-
Saxon Chronicle (also known as the
Danelagh;Old English: Dena lagu;
Danish: Danelov), is a historical name
given to the part ofGreat Britain in which
the laws of the "Danes"[1] dominated those
of theAnglo-Saxons.
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The Story of English VThe Norman conquest of England began
in 1066AD with the invasion of the
Kingdom of England by the troops of
William, Duke of Normandy ("William the
Conqueror"), and his victory at the Battle of
Hastings.
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The Story of English VI
Brythonic (Celtic) +
Latin +
Germanic +
Norse +Normand +
--------------------------
= English
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Other Languages?
o P-Celtic
Gaulish
Lepontic
Noric
Galatian
Brythonic
Cumbric
Pictish Old Welsh
Middle Welsh
Welsh
Southwestern Brythonic
Breton
Cornish
o Q-Celtic
Celtiberian Goidelic
Primitive Irish
Old Irish
Middle Irish
Irish
Scottish Gaelic
Manx
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Principal Cities Where are they?Rank City Area Population
(2001)
1 London 1,580 km 7,172,091
2 Birmingham 283 km 970,892
3 Leeds 552 km 715,404
4 Glasgow 177 km 577,869
5 Sheffield 513,234
6 Bradford 467,665
7 Edinburgh 260 km 448,624
8 Liverpool 439,477
9 Manchester 392,819
10 Bristol 380,615
11 Cardiff 305,353
12 Coventry 97 km 300,848
13 Leicester 279,921
14 Belfast 276,459
15 Nottingham 75 km 266,988
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And what about?
St Mary's church in the hollow of the white hazel near to the rapid whirlpool and
the church of St Tysilio of the red cave.
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Leicester
Coventry
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