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44thth Generation Language EnvironmentGeneration Language Environment
Submitted by:
Deepak KumarMinky
Harpreet Kaur
Pankaj Sood
Gurjinder Dhindsa
Submitted to:Er. Jagandeep Singh
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Presentation Overview
Classes Of Programming Languages.
What is 4th
Generation Language. History of 4GL.
Why to use 4GL.
Some 4th generation languages.
Types of 4GLs. Structure of 4GL program.
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What is 4th Generation Language
A fourth-generation programming language (or4GL) is a programming language designed with a specificpurpose in mind such as the development of commercial
business software.
Fourth-generation languages are closer to humanlanguages than typical high-level programming
languages All 4GLs are designed to reduce programming effort.
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Classes Of Programming Languages
First Generation-Machine Language
Second Generation-Assembly Language
Third Generation-high-level programming languages, such as C, C++, and Java
Fourth Generation Fifth Generation
-languages used for artificial intelligence and neural networks
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History of 4GL
The term 4GL was according to James Martin first usedin his 1982 bookApplications DevelopmentWithoutProgrammers to refer to non-procedural high-levelspecification languages.
- ASPECIFICATION language is a formallanguageused in computer science. Specification languages are
used during systems analysis, requirements analysis andsystems design.
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Why to use 4GL?
Programming effort-They can be easilylearnt since there are relativelyfew commands, functions and structures.
The cost of software development. Alter and maintain Ease of use
Simplicity of design and implement
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Some 4th generation languages
General use
-SQLWindows/Team Developer
-Uniface (programming language)
-Visual DataFlex etc.
Database Querylanguages
- NATURAL
-Progress 4GL
-Ingres 4GL
-SQL etc.
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Cont
Report generators-LINC
-NATURAL-Oracle Reports-Progress 4GL etc.
Data manipulation, analysis, and reporting languages- Informix-4GL-LabVIEW
-Mathematica-NATURAL-Nomad-PL/SQL-Progress 4GL etc.
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Types of 4GLs
Table-driven (codeless) programming Report-generator programming languages Forms generators Data management 4GLs More ambitious 4GLs (sometimes termed fourth
generation environments) attempt toautomatically generate whole systems from theoutputs ofCASE tools, specifications of screensand reports, and possibly also the specificationof some additional processing logic.
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4th generation environment
In order to provide an environment in which a
complex system can be developed, a number ofdifferent types of "pure" fourth generationlanguages must be integrated, and furtherprocedural programming facilities must be
provided.
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Components
END-USER QUERY LANGUAGE
(e.g. SQL). SCREEN FORMATTER
(e.g. Oracle's screen painter in SQL*Forms)
REPORT GENERATOR.
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4GL program
A4gl program consists of a series of modules
and forms. Each 4gl module can containfunctions and reports and each program mustcontain exactly one 'main' section and must endin a .4gl extension. C modules can also be
included in programs
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Structure of 4GL program
database section
globals sectionfunction/report/main block
.
.
.
.
function/report/main block
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Advantages and Disadvantages of 4GL
Being specification languages, their use requires,
no programming task. The necessary code will be generated directlyfrom the specification.
Can only address a small and very highly
specialized area of development .
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References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth-
generation_programming_language#Some_fourth-generation_languages
http://aubit4gl.sourceforge.net/aubit4gldoc/manual/html/4gl_programming_language.html
http://www.lycos.com/info/fourth-generation-programming-language--4gl.html?page=2
http://apps4gl.sourceforge.net/onemaxx/html/4gl.htm
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