40HRC Pre-hardened
High mirror polish
Plastic injection mold steel
NAK80
40HRC Pre-hardened
High mirror polish
Plastic injection mold Steel
NAK80
Daido Steel Co., Ltd.
Contents
1. Daido Steel: Company profile
2. Shibukawa Plant: Tool steel mother plant
3. High quality mold steel production
4. Features of NAK80
5. Application of plastic mold steels
Daido Steel: Company profile
Daido Steel: Company profile
• Name : Daido Steel Co.,Ltd.
• Incorporated : Feb. 1,1950
(Founded) : Aug.19,1916
• Capital : 37.2 billion yen
• Annual Sales : 472 Billion yen (2011)
• Number of employees : 3,378
Historical Landmark 1.5t Heroult Furnace
The oldest electric arc furnace in Japan as industrial basis.
Now it has become the
Daido’s company
treasure.
Certified as Historical
Landmark by ASM in
1988.
DAIDO STEEL
Company Profile
Tokyo Head office
Head Office
(Nagoya)
Fukuoka Sales Office
Osaka Branch
Chita Plant
Hoshizaki
Plant
Shibukawa plant
Daido Steel Daido Steel Locations
Specialty steels 60%
Electronic and Magnetic Materials
9%
Parts for Automobile &
Industrial Equipments
22%
Engineering 5%
New Materials 2%
Trading & Service
2%
Sales by business segment
Domestic demand of tool steels
Carbon steels Low
alloy
Cold work die
Hot work die
Forging die
Plastic
High speed
10,700 t/ Month (Apr.–Sep., 2011)
Shanghai Nikka Metal Products Co.,Ltd.
Daido PDM (Thailand) Co.,Ltd.
Daido Steel Co.,Ltd.
Pt. Astra Daido Steel Indonesia
Foshan Summit Nikka Mold & Metal Products
Co.,Ltd.
Daido Tienwen Steel
(Guangzhou) Co.,Ltd.
Daido Amistar (M) SDN BHD
Daido Amistar (S) PTE Ltd.
Daido Steel (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd.
Daido’s Tool Steels: East Asia Network
Daido Teinwen Steel Co.,Ltd
Daido Steel Co.,Ltd.
(Bangkok Representative Office)
Daido Amistar (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd.
Lung Kee Metal Ltd.
Ming Lee Steel Mould Products Co.,Ltd.
Wonil Special Steel Co.,Ldt.
YDP Steel Co.,Ltd.
Shanghai Nikka Metal Products Co.,Ltd (Dalian Office)
Daido Steel (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd.
Guangchou Branch
Daido Steel (America) Inc.
(Chicago, IL)
International Mold Steel
(Florence, KY)
Shibukawa plant: Tool Steels mother plant
Free forging products by Shibukawa plant
Shaft 7%
Other 15%
Aircraft
Power Generation
Ship building
Valve 24%
Other 1%
Disc 5%
Spindle bolts, etc. 10%
Steel Making 4%
Other 34%
Glass roll
Drill collar Jet engine
bearing
Engine
valve
Impeller Compressor disc
Continuous caster
pinch roll
Jet engine
shaft
Shibukawa Plant:
Producing highly reliable
aircraft engine parts
Approval list of civil aircraft engine shafts
BUILDER TYPE NAME OF PARTS MATERIAL
P&W
PW4056 Coupling LPT Shaft Ti-6Al-4V
PW4168 Coupling LPT Shaft Ti-6Al-4V
PW4088 Coupling LPT Shaft Ti-6Al-4V
PW4098 Coupling LPT Shaft Ti-6Al-4V
PW2037 Shaft LPC 17-22A
PW4056 Shaft Front 17-22A
JT9D Shaft Front 17-22A
JAEC V2500 Shaft LP 3Cr-1Mo-0.2V
Shaft Stub 3Cr-1Mo-0.2V
GE GE90 Mid Fan Shaft MA250
CF34-8C Shaft Fan Drive Inconel 718
R/R TRENT800 Shaft LPT 3Cr-1Mo-0.2V
Shaft stub
Shaft LP
High quality mold steels
produced by Shibukawa plant
Melting
Remelting
Forging
High quality mold steel production
Forgings made by
Shibukawa plant
High quality mold steel production
Electric Arc Furnace melting
High quality mold steel production
Vacuum Ladle Refining
High quality mold steel production
Casting
Electric Arc Furnace
Clean steel melting
Ingot Casting (2.2 –32.5t)
Ladle Furnace (Vacuum)
・Precise control of chemistry and casting temperature
・Refining by slag
Remelting Equipment
VAR(Vacuum Arc Remelting) ESR (Electro Slag Remelting)
Electro Slag Remelting furnace
■ Progressive melting with resisting heat
by direct electricity
■ Refining by specially blended slag
■ Clean steel with less non metallic inclusions
■ Homogenized and fine macro and micro
structure in radial and longitudinal directions
■ Better surface than that of VAR
Electrode traveling device
Water cool
mold
Melting by
resisting heat
Mother ingot
(Electrode)
Vacuum Arc Remelting furnace
■ Progressive arc melting and
solidification in evacuated chamber
■ Reduction of gas content
■ Clean steel with less non metallic inclusions
■ Homogenized and fine macro and micro
structure in radial and longitudinal directions
Mother
ingot
(Electrode)
Water cool
mold
Evacuated
Chamber
Evacuating
duct
Melting by arc
High quality mold steel production
Electro Slag Remelting (Vacuum)
High quality mold steel production
Vacuum Arc Remelting
7,000 ton Forging Press (Since 2008.4)
How fast the new machine works.
7,000 t 3,500 t
・Grade:304N2, Heating temp.:1200 degree C
・Size:750 FE x 1700 H → 800 H
Free forging in the world
Max.Ingot Weight (t)
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
1 10 100 1000
Max
.Fo
rgin
g lo
ad
(t)
★
Japan Steel
Works
JCFC Mitsubishi
Metal
Kobe
Hitachi
Daido
Cartech (US)
Boehler(Austria)
Saar Shmiede (Germany)
FOMAS (Italy)
Koshuha
Taiheiyo
Tool Steels, Stainless steels High alloys
Low alloys Large sized
Available section of forged block
Thick (mm) 136 - 550
Width (mm) 200 - 1200
170 - 550 D
Rolling
Wire rod mill
Large size bar mill
Small size precision bar mill
Available section of rolled bars Thick (mm) 16-90 91-105 106-135
Width (mm) 110-140 110-310 205-410
10 - 162 D
E-quality
rolled flat bar
1. Thickness tolerance
2.Width tolerance
3. Convex and square-ness
4. Straightness, Bending
1.Thickness Tolerance
Conventional
A +0~+α
(A:Nominal size)
A +0~+1.5mm A +0~+0.5mm
2. Width Tolerance
B +O~+β
(B:Nominal size)
B +0 ~ +3~4mm B +0 ~ +2~3mm
Conventional
3. Convex & Square-ness
Convex and square-
ness
0.5~1.5mm/side
Large convex on sides
≦1.0mm/side
Slight concave on sides
Conventional
Features of NAK80
Plastic injection mold steels: Classification and chemistry
Classification Daido AISI Hardness Chemistries(%)
brand (HRC) C Ni Cr Mo V Other
SC PXZ 1055 (30HS) Low C-Mn steel S
SCM PDS3 4140 26~30 0.45 - 1.1 0.25 - -
PX5 P20 30~33 0.2 - 2 0.5 - S
SUS G-STAR 420F 33~37 0.35 - 16 1 - S
P.H. NAK55 P21-Mod. 37~43 0.15 3.0 - 0.3 - Cu,Al,S
NAK80 37~43 0.15 3.0 - 0.3 - Cu,Al
SKD DH2F H13-Mod. 38~42 0.37 - 5.3 1.3 1 S
P.H. NAK101 630-Mod. 30~35 17Cr-4Ni -
SKD DHA1 H13 45~50 0.39 - 5 1.3 1 -
DC53 D2-Mod. 60~62 0.9 - 8 2 0.3 -
PD613 D2-Mod. 56~61 8Cr-1Mo -
SUS S-STAR 420-Mod. 50~53 0.38 - 13.5 0.1 0.3
Maraging MAS1C - 50~53 ≦ .03 18.5 - 5 - Al,Ti,Co
Pre
-har
den
ed s
teel
H
T s
teel
HT:Hardened & tempered, P.H.:Precipitation hardening
Plastic injection mold steels
Classi-
fication
Hardness
(HRC)JIS AISI Aichi
JFE
SteelKobe Sanyo
13 SC 1055 AUK1 JFE-MD1
KTSM21
KTSM2A
KTSM22
PC55
28 SCM 4140 AUK11JFE-MD3
JFE-MD5KTSM31
SCM-M P20 KTSM3M PCM30
Pre-hardened
steel 33SUS 420
SUS
(F/M)
35 SUS S17400 QHS6
SKD61-M H13
P21PCM40
PCM40S
P21*
60 SKD11-M D2 QCM8
Hardened &
tempered57
SUS440C
-M440C
QPD5
SPC5
(P/M)
52
Age hardening
steel≧50 Maraging
Other
40Non
-Mnagnetic
*Stain resistance
40Other
Sumitomo Daido Kosyuha Hitachi Fujikoshi Uddeholm Boehler
SD17
SD18T
KPM1
KPMAX
SD61 PDS3
SD70
SD100PX5 KPM30 HPM7
PLAMAX
IMPAXHH
M200
M201
M238
S-STAR
D-STAR420M HPM38 STAVAX
M303
M310
G-STAR HPM77RAMAX-2
RoyAlloyM315
NAK101 U630 PSL CORRAX N700
DH2F KAP90F FDAC
NAK55
NAK80
KAP65
KAP88
HPM1
HPM-PRO
M261
M461
CENA1
HPM-MAGIC NIMAX
PD613 KD21 HPM31
RIGOR
SLEIPNER
CALDIE
CALMAX
K105
K110
K340
SUS440C SUS440C 440CUNIMAX
ELMAX
M340, M390
N685, N690
N695
S-STAR
D-STAR
G-STAR
HPM38
HPM38S
HPM7
STAVAX
POLMAX
MIRRAX
MAS1C KMS18-20 YAG NAG21
ASL407 CORRAX
NMS1 HPM75
NAK80: Features
Main chemistry:0.1C- 3Ni- 1Al- 1Cu
Strengthening by precipitation hardening
40HRC pre-hardened steel
Shorter mold making time
Features of low C-Ni-Al-Cu precipitation hardening steel
1. Wear resistance
2. High machinability
3. Small distortion
4. Easy repair welding
5. Easy ED machining
6. High thermal conductivity
Ni-Al-Cu Precipitation
hardening steel
NAK80:0.1C-3Ni-1Cu-1Al
37-43 HRC Pre-hardened
steel
Super clean steel
by double melting Reliable
quality
1. Superb mirror polishing 2. Fine ED machined surface 3. Superb textured surface
Advantage of pre-hardened steel
Hardened and tempered steel
Steel Rough
machining Heat
treating Straightening Finishing
Steel Rough and finish
machining
Time saving
Pre-Hardened Steel
Heat treated by mill maker
Pre-hardened steel
Shorter delivery time
due to heat treatment free
Inter-metallic compounds
Solution Treatment
Aging
As ST Aging temp.→
H
ard
nes
s →
30HRC
40 HRC
Heat treatment Hardness
<Solution treated> <Aged>
Matrix:Bainite
Ni3Al, Ni3Cu precipitates
The principle of precipitation hardening
Fine precipitates strengthening
to 40HRC
0.2 μm
NAK55(Arrows show MnS) NAK80
Optical micrographs of NAK steels
25μm
Arrows indicate MnS (Manganese sulfide).
NAK80: Supporting plastic
injection molding
40HRC pre-hardened steel
Shorter mold making time
Easy machining
Cost reduction
Easy machining in spite of 40HRC Relative comparison: Endmilling
Mac
hin
abili
ty i
nd
ex *
* Machinability NAK55:100
P20 PX5
* Machinability NAK55:100
Mac
hin
abili
ty i
nd
ex *
P20 PX5
Easy machining in spite of 40HRC Relative comparison: Drilling
Recommended machining conditions
Drilling
High speed steel drill (Coated)
Drill dia. (mm)
Cutting speed (m/min.)
Feed (mm/rev.)
Depth of hole (mm)
Step (mm)
0.5 - 32 10 0.01D - 0.02D - 5D D
Carbide drill (Coated)
Drill dia. (mm)
Cutting speed (m/min.)
Feed (mm/rev.)
Depth of hole (mm)
Step (mm)
0.1- 3 3 - 25
40 - 50 30
0.02D - 0.03D 0.1 - 0.2
- 5D - 8D
0.1D - 0.5D D
Recommended machining conditions
Endmilling
Rough machining (Coated carbide)
Tool Size (mm)
Cutting speed (mm/min.)
Feed (mm/tooth)
Depth of cut ap (mm) ae (mm)
Radius EM D12-D63xR4-R8 120 0.1 - 0.6 - R 0.6D - 0.8D Square EM D25 - D63 80 0.07-0.15 - 5 D
Finish machining (Coated carbide)
Tool
Size (mm)
Cutting speed
(mm/min.)
Feed (mm/tooth)
Depth of cut ap (mm)
Depth of cut ae (mm)
Solid ball EM
R0.5 -R 1.5 250 0.05 - 0.1 - 0.1 R -0.2R R2 - R6 250 0.1-0.15 - 0.1R -0.2R
Radius EM
D1-D3xR0.05-R5 100 0.005-0.02 0.01-0.1 -0.2R D4-D12xR0.1-R5 150 0.01-0.1 - 0.5 -0.4R
NAK80: Supporting plastic
injection molding
40HRC pre-hardened steel
Shorter mold making time
Easy machining
Cost reduction
Double melted clean steel
High mirror polishing
Mirror finish grade by machine lapping (#)
60
50
40
20
30
10
0
Har
dn
ess(
HR
C)
G-STAR S-STAR
DC53 PD613
MAS1-C
S-STAR
Pre-hardened steels
Hardened and tempered steels
NAK55
General-purpose miscellaneous goods
Design goods
Semi transparent
Transparent goods
Ultra high
mirror finish goods
NAK80
D-STAR
PX4
0 5000 10000 15000
G-STAR
Mirror polishing of NAK80
High mirror polishing of NAK80
#1200 1800 3000 8000 14000
Machining
EDM
Grindding
Buff polishing
#220 320 400 600
#400 600 800 1000 1200 1500
15μm 9 6 3 1
NAK80 ・Polishing too long causes dig out of
the surface
・The shorter the better for buff polishing.
Erase former polishing trace s by
polishing perpendicular to former
direction
Paper polishing
Polishing procedures of NAK80
NAK80: Supporting plastic
injection molding
40HRC pre-hardened steel
Shorter mold making time
Easy machining
Cost reduction
Double melted clean steel
High mirror polishing
Low carbon precipitation hardening steel
Easy repair welding
Repair welding method
Preparation
・ Free from rust, scale residue or any other potential contamination
・Cracks and surface treated layer should be completely removed.
・Remove sufficient stock to repair the crack and insure only sound
materials remains.
・Dress the corners where stock was removed to eliminate any
square corners by rounding to a minimum radius of 3mm.
Welding rod (Filler)
NAK-W
Pre-heating
・ 300 to 400ºC. Heat the mold carefully and gradually.
・Gradual heating in a furnace is recommended. If not, oxygen-
propane or natural gas burner is available.
Welding : TIG
・ DC normal polarity, backward welding
Rod diameter Electrode diameter Current Argon
1.2 1.2 40-70A 4-7L/min.
1.6 1.6 70-150A 6-9L/min.
2.4 2.4 150-250A 7-10L/min.
Post-heating ・ 450 – 500ºC for 1h
Repair welding method
Repair welding characteristics of precipitation hardening steel
As welded Aged after welding
(500℃×5hr)
Welded portion
Even ground and textured surface
across welded portion
Welded portion
Build-up welding properties H
ard
nes
s(H
V)
6 4 2 0 2 4 100
200
300
400
500
Distance (mm)
Base metal Deposited steel
Aged at 500℃
for 5hr
As welded Affected zone
<Welding conditions>
Method :TIG
Preheating:
300 to 400℃
Current :
150 to 170A
Welding rod:NAK55W
Hardness comes back to the initial hardness
by post heating after welding
EDM abnormality
As ED
Machined
EDM + ECM
EDM + Polishing
EDM + Shot blast
×100 ×400
Surface abnormality
Har
dn
ess
(HV
)
Distance from the surface (mm)
Heat affected
layer <EDM conditions>
Electrode:Cu
Voltage :100V
Current :4.5 A
No affected layer in EDM No hardened layer due to low carbon, 0.1%
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
Distance from the surface (mm)
Vic
kers
har
dn
ess
(HV
)
Ferritic Nitrocarburizing
520℃ x 5 Hr
Nitriding An example of hardness distribution
From automobiles
to daily necessities
Plastic products for our daily necessities
Plastic products for office printer
Panel,PC
Panel,PC
Panel,PMMA
Panel,PMMA
Plastic products for air conditioner
Panel,PS
Plastic products for game machine
PC
PC PC
ABS
Pre-forming & Blow forming of PET bottle
Holder( G-STAR) (NAK80+Plating, S-STAR)
Cavity: Belly Capsule
(NAK80+Plating, S-Star)
Holder
Belly
( Al )
Elongation bar
Bottom
Capsule
Pre-forming
Blow forming
Core
Application of plastic mold steels JIS Daido AISI Hardness Applications
Brand (HRC) Main use Examples of products
SC - 1055 (30HS)・General use for large molds
・Textured molds
・Bumper・Radiator grill・Instrumental panel
・Console box・Convenience goods
・Home appliances・Toys
SCM PDS3 4140 26~30 ・General use for large molds ・Tail light・Mirror cover・Bumper・Radiator grill
PX5 P20 30~33 ・TV cabinet・Lap top ・Sellular phone
SUS G-STAR 420F 33~37 ・Corrosion resisting mold -
P/H NAK55 P21-M 37~43 ・Precision long run mold・Key board・Video camera・Digital camera
・Cellular phone
NAK80 37~43・Precision long run mold
・Mirror polish mold
・Flat TV・Cellular phone・Audio-visual aids
・Transparency cover・Front light
SKD DH2F H13-M 38~42 ・Wear resisting mold ・Core pin
P/H NAK101 630 M 30~35 ・Corrosion resisting mold ・Trough・Earthen pipe
SKD DHA1 H13 45~50 ・Wear resisting mold ・General engineering plastic products
DC53 D2 M 60~62
PD613 D2 M 56~61・Precision, long run mold
・Wear resisting mold・Micro-switch・Connector・Gear
SUS S-STAR 420 M 50~53
・Precision,long run mold
・Mirror polishing,
・Corrosion resisting mold
・Camera,Digital camera・CD lens・Optical lens
・Watch cover
Maraging MAS1C - 50~53 ・High tough pin ・Small diameter pin
Pre
-hard
ned
ste
els
H &
T
Thermo- setting
Thermo- plastics
General use
Fiber reinforced
General use
Engineering plastics
Flame retard
Poly vinyl chloride
Fiber reinforced
Phenol, Melanin,
Epoxy, Polyester
ditto resin -reinforced by CF, GF or metal
Polyethylene , Polypropylene
Nylon, Polyester
Polycarbonate
Flame retarding
FTFE, PVC
Corrosive gas
ditto resin -reinforced by CF,GF or metal
Resin and features Main products
Ash tray, dish,
Convenience goods
Wiring
Auto-body, Chair
Sheet & Film
Bumper, Radiator grill
Instrumental panel
Radio, OA, Cell phone
Machine parts: Gear, cam
Lens
Camera body, Keybord
TV cabinet
Electrical appliance
Pipe, Spout, Sheet, Film
Selection of plastic mold steels by resin
Selection of plastic mold steels by resin
Thermo- setting
Thermo- plastics
General use
Fiber reinforced
General use
Engineering plastics
Flame retard
Poly vinyl chloride
Fiber reinforced
Resin and features Mold steels
Wear resistance
High wear resistance
Pre-hardened steel
High strength & high precision
High wear resistance
Corrosion resistance
Corrosion resistance
PX5,NAK55,80 PD613 PD613 DC53
DH2F,PD613 Coating DC53 DEX20,40
PX5,NAK55,80 Coating DH2F
NAK55,80 PD613 DH2F, DHA1 DC53 PD613,DC53 DEX20,40
S-STAR S- STAR NAK101 Coating
PX5,NAK55,80 PD613 DH2F S-STAR
S-STAR S- STAR NAK101 Coating
1 million
Plastic injection mold steels: Comparison of properties
Mir
ror
po
lish
Wea
r re
sist
ance
HT:Hardened & tempered, P.H.:Precipitation hardening
Number: Better 5, 1 Worse
Properties
SC PXZ 1055 5++ 3 4 5+ 1 5 - 2
SCM PDS3 4140 4 4 4 4 3 4 - 3
PX5 P20 5 5 5 5+ 3 5 - 3
SUS G-STAR 420F 4 3 4 4 3 4 - 4
P.H. NAK55 P21-Mod. 5+ 5 4 3 3 1 - 3
NAK80 3 5+ 5+ 3 3 1 - 3
SKD DH2F H13-Mod. 4 3 3 3 4 3 - 3
P.H. NAK101 630-Mod. 2 4 4 4 3 5 - 5+
SKD DHA1 H13 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3
DC53 D2-Mod. 4 5 4 2 5 2 3 4
PD613 D2-Mod. 4 5 4 2 5 3 3 4
SUS S-STAR 420-Mod. 3 5+ 5 3 5 3 4 5
Maraging MAS1C - 3 5+ 5+ 5+ 4 5+ 5 3
Pre
-har
den
ed s
teel
H
T s
teel
Classifi-
cation
Daido
brand
AISI
grade
Mac
hia
nb
ility
Text
ure
Wel
dab
ility
Tou
gh
nes
s
Dim
ensi
on
st
abili
ty
Co
rro
sio
n
resi
stan
ce
Mir
ror
Po
lish
jng
Wea
r res
ista
nce
Physical and mechanical properties of plastic mold steels
Physical properties Mechanical properteis
Daido
brand
Hardness
(HRC)
Density
g/cm3
Young's
modulus
Mpa
Thermal
expansion
×10-6/℃
20 to 200℃
Thermal
conductivity
W/MK
0.2%
Yield
strength
Mpa
Tensile
strength
MPa
E
%
Charpy
impact
value
J/cm2
PXZ 26~35HS 7.85 207000 13.1 43.1 490 760 25 50~70
PDS3 26~30 7.85 206800 12.0 43.5 745 890 23 40~60
PX5 30~33 7.85 207300 12.7 42.3 911 1030 20 60~90
G-STAR 33~37 7.80 199900 11.0 25.1 1030
NAK55 37~43 7.80 200900 12.5 41.8 1010 1250 15 18
NAK80 37~43 7.80 200900 12.5 41.8 1010 1250 15 22
DH2F 38~42 7.75 205800 10.8 25.5 1130 1320 10 40
NAK101 30~35 7.80 200900 11.1 25.1 970 1100 10 80
DHA1 45~50 7.75 205800 10.3 26.8 1270 1420 9 40
DC53 60~62 7.87 212700 12.0 23.9 - - - 30**
PD613 56~61 7.80 212700 11.7 26.3 1810 2250 2 45**
S-STAR 50~53 7.80 214500 11.1 23.9 1540 1940 9 25
* MAS1C 50~53 8.02 182300 10.1 28.8 1910 2170 10 50
*Maraging steel Charpy impact value: 2mm U notch, ** 10mm Notch
Pre
-hard
en
ed
ste
el
H &
T
Cla
ss
ific
ati
on
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