44thth Grade Grade ScienceScience
Which word means a Which word means a conclusion based on conclusion based on
evidence about evidence about events that have events that have
already occurred?already occurred?
inferenceinference
Which word means a Which word means a forecast about what forecast about what
may happen in some may happen in some future situation?future situation?
Scientific predictionScientific prediction
Which word means a Which word means a fair test driven by a fair test driven by a
hypothesis?hypothesis?
ExperimentExperiment
What word means What word means something that is something that is
deliberately changed deliberately changed in an experiment?in an experiment?
Independent variableIndependent variable
Which word describes Which word describes variables that will variables that will
change as a result of change as a result of doing an experiment?doing an experiment?
Dependent variableDependent variable
Which word means an Which word means an educated guess about educated guess about what will happen in an what will happen in an
experiment?experiment?
HypothesisHypothesis
Which word means Which word means something that is not something that is not allowed to change in allowed to change in
an experiment?an experiment?
ConstantConstant
This defines what is to This defines what is to be investigated in an be investigated in an
experiment and is experiment and is often written as a often written as a
question.question.
Purpose Purpose
What are the step by What are the step by step directions to step directions to follow in order to follow in order to
conduct an conduct an experiment?experiment?
Procedure Procedure
What is the list of What is the list of items used in an items used in an
experiment called?experiment called?
Materials Materials
What is the summary What is the summary that supports or that supports or
contradicts a contradicts a hypothesis?hypothesis?
Conclusion Conclusion
What is a graph, What is a graph, chart, or table used to chart, or table used to display results called?display results called?
Data Data
What is called when What is called when you read, get advice, you read, get advice, or make observations or make observations
about a project?about a project?
Research Research
Which word means Which word means the ability to do work?the ability to do work?
EnergyEnergy
Which word means Which word means the result of a force the result of a force moving an object moving an object
through a distance?through a distance?
Work Work
Which type of energy Which type of energy is moving energy?is moving energy?
Kinetic energyKinetic energy
Which type of energy Which type of energy is stored in an object?is stored in an object?
Potential energyPotential energy
What are three What are three common forms of common forms of
energy?energy?
Electrical, mechanical, Electrical, mechanical, chemical chemical
Which word means Which word means any combination of any combination of two or more simple two or more simple
machines?machines?
Compound machinesCompound machines
Which machines are Which machines are made of many made of many
compound machines?compound machines?
Complex machinesComplex machines
How do machines How do machines make work easier and make work easier and
more efficient?more efficient?
By changing the By changing the direction of or direction of or
increasing the effect increasing the effect of a forceof a force
Which word describes Which word describes the relationship of the relationship of
energy expended to energy expended to work accomplished?work accomplished?
efficiencyefficiency
Which word means Which word means the resistance to the resistance to
motion created by two motion created by two objects moving objects moving
against each other?against each other?
Friction Friction
What does friction What does friction create?create?
Heat Heat
Unless acted on by a Unless acted on by a force, objects in force, objects in
motion ______ and motion ______ and objects at rest objects at rest
_______._______.
Stay in motion; Stay in motion; stay at rest.stay at rest.
What are negative What are negative charges called?charges called?
Electrons Electrons
What does a What does a continuous flow of continuous flow of electrons create?electrons create?
Electric currentElectric current
What is the path taken What is the path taken by an electric current by an electric current
called?called?
CircuitCircuit
Which circuits allow Which circuits allow the movement of the movement of electrical energy?electrical energy?
Closed circuitsClosed circuits
Which circuits prevent Which circuits prevent the movement of the movement of electrical energy?electrical energy?
Open circuitsOpen circuits
What are two units of What are two units of measure used to measure used to
describe electricity?describe electricity?
Hertz and ampsHertz and amps
What type of voltage What type of voltage do common dry cell do common dry cell batteries generally batteries generally
have?have?
Low voltageLow voltage
Which word describes Which word describes materials that materials that
electrical energy electrical energy moves through?moves through?
Conductors Conductors
What materials do not What materials do not conduct electricity conduct electricity
well?well?
Insulators Insulators
In which circuit is In which circuit is there only one there only one pathway for the pathway for the
current?current?
Series circuitSeries circuit
In which circuit is In which circuit is there two or more there two or more pathways for the pathways for the
current?current?
Parallel circuitParallel circuit
Which word means Which word means the discharge of static the discharge of static
electricity in the electricity in the atmosphere?atmosphere?
Lightning Lightning
Which part of the Which part of the plant anchors it and plant anchors it and
takes water and takes water and nutrients from the nutrients from the
soil?soil?
Roots Roots
Which part of the Which part of the plant provides support plant provides support and allows movement and allows movement
of water nutrients?of water nutrients?
Stem Stem
What are the two What are the two general groups that general groups that
the plant kingdom can the plant kingdom can be divided into?be divided into?
Those that reproduce Those that reproduce with seeds and those with seeds and those that reproduce with that reproduce with
sporesspores
What are the What are the reproductive parts of reproductive parts of
the flower?the flower?
Stamen and pistilStamen and pistil
What are the small What are the small leaves that form the leaves that form the
housing of the housing of the developing flower?developing flower?
Sepals Sepals
What is the process What is the process by which pollen is by which pollen is
transferred from the transferred from the stamen to the pistil stamen to the pistil
called? called?
Pollination Pollination
What are two plants What are two plants that reproduce with that reproduce with
spores? spores?
Ferns and mosses Ferns and mosses
What is the process in What is the process in which green plants which green plants produce their own produce their own
food called? food called?
Photosynthesis Photosynthesis
What do green plants What do green plants use along with carbon use along with carbon
dioxide, water, dioxide, water, nutrients, and sunlight nutrients, and sunlight
to produce food? to produce food?
Chlorophyll Chlorophyll
What is the primary What is the primary food producing part of food producing part of
green plants? green plants?
Leaves Leaves
What word describes What word describes a period of suspended a period of suspended life processes brought life processes brought on by changes in the on by changes in the
environment? environment?
Dormancy Dormancy
What are the physical What are the physical attributes that help attributes that help
organisms meet a life organisms meet a life need called?need called?
Structural adaptations Structural adaptations
What are the types of What are the types of activities organisms activities organisms
perform to meet a life perform to meet a life need called?need called?
Behavioral Behavioral adaptationsadaptations
Which word describes Which word describes all of the populations all of the populations that live together in that live together in
the same place?the same place?
Community Community
What is the What is the organization of organization of
communities based communities based on in a given on in a given ecosystem?ecosystem?
Utilization of energyUtilization of energy
Which word describes Which word describes green plants which green plants which
make their own food make their own food from sunlight, air, and from sunlight, air, and
water?water?
Producers Producers
What are animals What are animals referred to as referred to as
because they eat because they eat food? food?
Consumers Consumers
Where is the greatest Where is the greatest amount of energy in a amount of energy in a
community found? community found?
Producers Producers
What are organisms What are organisms called that break called that break
down decayed plants down decayed plants and animals into and animals into
smaller pieces that smaller pieces that can be used again by can be used again by
living things? living things?
Decomposers Decomposers
Which word means Which word means the function that an the function that an
organism performs in organism performs in the food web of the the food web of the
community?community?
Niche Niche
Who can have a Who can have a major impact on the major impact on the
ecosystem?ecosystem?
Humans Humans
Which word means Which word means the measure of the the measure of the
amount of heat amount of heat energy in the energy in the atmosphere?atmosphere?
Temperature Temperature
What is the amount of What is the amount of moisture in the moisture in the
atmosphere called?atmosphere called?
Humidity Humidity
What is air pressure What is air pressure due to?due to?
Weight of the airWeight of the air
What can determine What can determine air pressure?air pressure?
Temperature of airTemperature of air
What is the boundary What is the boundary between air masses between air masses
of different of different temperature and temperature and humidity called?humidity called?
Front Front
Which type of clouds Which type of clouds are tall and vertical are tall and vertical and are often called and are often called
thunderheads?thunderheads?
Cumulonimbus Cumulonimbus
Which type of clouds Which type of clouds are white and fluffy are white and fluffy
and are seen on nice and are seen on nice days?days?
Cumulus Cumulus
Which type of clouds Which type of clouds are low hanging in are low hanging in
layers that look like a layers that look like a gray haze in the sky? gray haze in the sky? They can become fog.They can become fog.
Stratus Stratus
Which clouds are dark Which clouds are dark and normally seen and normally seen
when rain or snow is when rain or snow is happening all day happening all day
long?long?
Nimbostratus Nimbostratus
What is a scientist What is a scientist that studies the that studies the weather called?weather called?
Meteorologist Meteorologist
Which tool is used to Which tool is used to measure air measure air pressure?pressure?
Barometer Barometer
Which tool is used to Which tool is used to measure moisture in measure moisture in
the air?the air?
Hygrometer Hygrometer
Which tool measures Which tool measures wind speed?wind speed?
Anemometer Anemometer
Which tool measures Which tool measures precipitation? precipitation?
Rain gauge Rain gauge
Which tool measures Which tool measures air temperature? air temperature?
Thermometer Thermometer
Which word means Which word means the travel within an the travel within an
orbit? orbit?
Revolution Revolution
How often does the How often does the Earth make one Earth make one
revolution around the revolution around the sun? sun?
Once every 365 days Once every 365 days
How often does the How often does the moon revolve around moon revolve around
the Earth? the Earth?
Once every 28 days Once every 28 days
When does a lunar When does a lunar eclipse occur? eclipse occur?
When moon moves When moon moves into Earth’s shadow into Earth’s shadow
When does a solar When does a solar eclipse occur? eclipse occur?
When moon moves When moon moves between sun and between sun and
Earth Earth
What causes What causes seasons? seasons?
Axial tilt of the Earth Axial tilt of the Earth during revolution during revolution around the sun around the sun
What causes phases What causes phases of the moon to occur? of the moon to occur?
Moon’s position in Moon’s position in relation to Earth and relation to Earth and
sun sun
What are the phases What are the phases of the moon?of the moon?
New, crescent, New, crescent, quarter, gibbous, fullquarter, gibbous, full
The sun is an The sun is an averaged-sized star. averaged-sized star.
How many times How many times bigger is its diameter bigger is its diameter
than the Earth’s?than the Earth’s?
110110
How many planets are How many planets are in our solar system?in our solar system?
99
What number planet What number planet is the Earth from the is the Earth from the
sun?sun?
33
What makes Earth What makes Earth different from other different from other
planets?planets?
Large amounts of Large amounts of water and oxygenwater and oxygen
Which two scientists Which two scientists believed the Earth believed the Earth
was the center of the was the center of the solar system?solar system?
Aristotle and PtolemyAristotle and Ptolemy
Which two scientists Which two scientists believed that the sun believed that the sun is in the center of our is in the center of our solar system which is solar system which is
what we believe what we believe today? today?
Galileo and Galileo and CopernicusCopernicus
Which space craft’s Which space craft’s missions added a missions added a great deal to our great deal to our
understanding of the understanding of the moon? moon?
NASA Apollo NASA Apollo
What are some of What are some of Virginia’s natural Virginia’s natural
resources?resources?
Forests, arable land, Forests, arable land, coal, sand, wildlife, coal, sand, wildlife, clean water and airclean water and air
Which word means an Which word means an area over which area over which
surface water and surface water and materials it carries materials it carries flows to a single flows to a single collection place?collection place?
Watershed Watershed
Which watershed Which watershed covers about half of covers about half of Virginia’s land area?Virginia’s land area?
Chesapeake Bay Chesapeake Bay watershedwatershed
What watershed is What watershed is land drained by rivers land drained by rivers west of Roanoke part west of Roanoke part
of?of?
Mississippi watershedMississippi watershed
What are some of What are some of Virginia’s water Virginia’s water
resources?resources?
Groundwater, rivers, Groundwater, rivers, bays, lakes, bays, lakes,
reservoirs, Atlantic reservoirs, Atlantic OceanOcean
What are three things What are three things Virginia’s soil and land Virginia’s soil and land
support?support?
Space for economic Space for economic activities, great variety activities, great variety
of life, variety of of life, variety of recreational recreational opportunitiesopportunities
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