For internal use company confidential
1 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
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B 0
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B 173
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B 155
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B 51
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B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
Pishro Telecom 3G L2 backhaul network with RNC site router
2 Nokia Siemens Networks
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B 173
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B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
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Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Agenda
Use case introduction
Virtual LANs
Site solution and addressing
Protection
QoS
Q&A
3 Nokia Siemens Networks
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B 51
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B 0
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B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Network topology
RNC
DCN Router
DCN
NetAct
Site Equipment
VRRP/ HSRP
Multi-Layer Routers
Operator L2 Network
ToP Master
4 Nokia Siemens Networks
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B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Virtual LANs
5 Nokia Siemens Networks
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B 0
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B 173
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B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
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Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Shared network
Operators that own the Ethernet network will typically use it to support a variety of services:
Own mobile backhaul
Other backhaul networks
Enterprise VPN
Home access
Etc
To guarantee that the mobile network traffic is not mixed with traffic for the other services, a typical mechanism to separate the traffic in a layer 2 network is the use of VLANs
Additionally it is good practice to divide the L2 network broadcast domain, to increase security and resilience
6 Nokia Siemens Networks
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B 0
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Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Operator L2 Network
Virtual LANs configuration (I)
Enterprise VLAN
One VLAN per Node B
RNC site
RNC
ToP Master clock
CIR
VLAN Trunk
Mobile backhaul VLANS CIR
CIR
7 Nokia Siemens Networks
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B 51
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B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Virtual LANs configuration (II)
There is one VLAN defined between each Node B and the RNC site routers (for actual customer cases, some Node Bs can share the VLAN)
There are no VLANs between the site routers and the RNC
There are no VLANs between the site routers and ToP master
RNC site router is responsible for the tagging, as well as the Node Bs
Both VLAN id and priority is marked in each packet RNC site router derives the VLAN id from the Node B IP address
VLAN priority is derived from the DSCP
8 Nokia Siemens Networks
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B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Site solution and addressing
9 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
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B 0
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B 162
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B 173
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B 155
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B 51
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B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
RNC Site Solution RNC2600
ICSU 0
ICSU 2 (SP)
OMS
OMU (WO)
RNC2600
NPGE0 (WO)
NPGE1 (SP)
OMU (SP)
ESA24-0
-2 NPGEs (2N)
-Only one GbE port is used
-In real customer cases additional NPGEs to be added as needed
- 3 ICSUs (N+1)
-In real customer cases additional NPGEs to be added as needed
-1 OMS (no redundancy)
-2 OMU (1+1)
-2 ESA24
Units not relevant for the use case are excluded for clarity
GE0
GE1
GE0
GE1
ESA24-1
ICSU 1
10 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
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B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
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B 173
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R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
RNC Site Solution Dual Cisco 7609 routers
Site solution tailored for fast Ethernet protection Leverage Layer 2 switching functionality of the routers
No additional Ethernet protection required in routers Working and spare NPGE ports are connected via layer 2 Using trunk links between the routers Upper router (#1) has higher priority than the lower router (#2)
Operator Network
(IP based)
RNC
NPGE-0 (WO)
GE0
GE1
Multi-layer Router #1
VLAN 10
Multi-layer Router #2
NPGE-3 (SP)
GE0
GE1
VLAN 20
VLANs 10 & 20
VLAN 10
VLAN 20
VLANs 10 & 20
WAN
WAN
Etherchannel
11 Nokia Siemens Networks
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B 51
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B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
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B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
RNC Site Solution Symmetricom T5000
RAN synchronization is based Timing over Packet, with the ToP Master clock located in the RNC site
The ToP Master clock is responsible for the synchronization of the RNC and the Node Bs
RNC synchronization is recommended for proper internal behaviour during switchover. Synchronization is done via either 2.048 MHz or 2.048 sync signal
Node Bs are synchronized via IEEE1588. One master can synchronize up to 600 Node Bs (release 1.1, 1Q2009)
Redundancy is provided by equipping dual IOC cards
12 Nokia Siemens Networks
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B 0
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B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
BTS site solution
Flexi
FTIB
Units not relevant for the use case are excluded for
clarity
ToP
Other Flexi units
UltraSite
IFUH
ToP (piggyback)
WAM1
System Module
AXC
WAM2
WAM3
WAM4
WAM5
WAM6
Only one port is used in RU10 (2 more are available)
-Flexi
-1 FTIB (includes ToP server)
-Ultra
-AXC with 1 IFUH
-ToP module
-6 WAMs
FE0
FE0
13 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
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B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
IP subnets
Iub One external subnet for each VLAN, between the RNC site routers and
the Node B
One external subnet in the RNC site, including ToP master and RNC site routers
RNC One internal signalling subnet
One internal/external subnet in the RNC site for DCN
Node B One internal subnet for DCN
14 Nokia Siemens Networks
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B 0
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B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
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R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Network configuration Iub user plane and control plane
Subnet
Subnet
Subnet
Subnet
RNC2600
O&M 1.1.4.41/29 1.1.4.42/29
O&M 1.1.4.9/29 1.1.4.10/29
O&M 1.1.4.25/29 1.1.4.26/29
BTS 3
BTS 1
BTS 2
NPGEP 0 (WO)
GE0 1.1.1.1/29
ICSU 00
1.1.2.1/26
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.36/29
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.20/29
1.1.1.4/29
UNI
UN
I
UN
I
UN
I
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.4/29
VL
AN
Tru
nk
VL
AN
11
VL
AN
12 VLAN11
1.1.4.2/28 VLAN12 1.1.4.18/28 VLAN13 1.1.4.34/28
VLAN11 1.1.4.3/28 VLAN12 1.1.4.19/28 VLAN13 1.1.4.35/28
1.1.1.5/29
1 2
3 4
1.1.1.6/29
1.1.4.1/28
1.1.4.17/28
1.1.4.33/28
NPGEP 1 (SP)
GE0 1.1.1.1/29
Site Routers VRRP groups
ICSU 01
1.1.2.2/26
ICSU 2 (SP)
1.1.2.3/26
Subnet
Subnet
15 Nokia Siemens Networks
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B 8
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B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Network configuration DCN
Subnet
RNC2600
O&M 1.1.4.41/29 1.1.4.42/29
O&M 1.1.4.9/29 1.1.4.10/29
O&M 1.1.4.25/29 1.1.4.26/29
BTS 3
BTS 1
BTS 2
OMS
1.1.3.2/28
OMU-0 (WO)
1.1.3.5/28
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.36/29
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.20/29
UNI
UN
I
UN
I
UN
I
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.4/29
VL
AN
Tru
nk
VL
AN
11
VL
AN
12 VLAN11
1.1.4.2/28 VLAN12 1.1.4.18/28 VLAN13 1.1.4.34/28
VLAN11 1.1.4.3/28 VLAN12 1.1.4.19/28 VLAN13 1.1.4.35/28
DCN
ESA24-1
ESA24-0 1.1.3.5/28
OMU-1 (SP)
1.1.3.5/28
1.1.3.5/28
1.1.3.2/28
1.1.3.1/28
1.1.3.2/28
1 2
3 4
1.1.1.6/29
1.1.4.1/28
1.1.4.17/28
1.1.4.33/28
Site Routers VRRP groups
16 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
R 255 G 175
B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Subnet
Subnet
Subnet
Subnet
Network configuration Iub synchronization
O&M 1.1.4.41/29 1.1.4.42/29
O&M 1.1.4.9/29 1.1.4.10/29
O&M 1.1.4.25/29 1.1.4.26/29
BTS 3
BTS 1
BTS 2
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.36/29
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.20/29
UNI
UN
I
UN
I
UN
I
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.4/29
VL
AN
Tru
nk
ToP
VL
AN
11
VL
AN
12 VLAN11
1.1.4.2/28 VLAN12 1.1.4.18/28 VLAN13 1.1.4.34/28
VLAN11 1.1.4.3/28 VLAN12 1.1.4.19/28 VLAN13 1.1.4.35/28
1.1.5.17/29
1.1.5.20/29
1.1.5.21/29
1 2
3 4 5
1.1.1.6/29
1.1.4.1/28
1.1.4.17/28
1.1.4.33/28
1.1.5.22/29
Site Routers VRRP groups
17 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
R 255 G 175
B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Protection
18 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
R 255 G 175
B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
HSRP virtual router
NPGE failure
RNC2600
NPGEP 0 (WO)
GE0 1.1.1.1/29
1.1.1.5/29
NPGEP 1 (WO)
GE0 1.1.1.1/29
O&M 1.1.4.25/29 1.1.4.26/29
BTS 2
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.20/29
UN
I
1.1.1.4/29
The site routers will forward the traffic between the new RNC port and the working UNI
The default gateway is protected by VRRP/HSRP in this scenario
Under normal operational conditions the upper router has higher HSRP priority, thus this router will reply to the ARP request and NPGE0 will use it as its gateway to route all the traffic
Packets are now delivered from NPGE1 to the upper router via the lower router and from there to the Node B as usual
1.1.1.6/29 (active)
1.1.1.6/29 (standby)
Legend:
Physical IP address
Virtual IP address (act.)
Virtual IP address (stby)
19 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
R 255 G 175
B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
UNI failure
HSRP virtual router
RNC2600
NPGEP 0 (WO)
GE0 1.1.1.1/29
1.1.1.5/29
NPGEP 1 (WO)
GE0 1.1.1.1/29
O&M 1.1.4.25/29 1.1.4.26/29
BTS 2
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.20/29
UN
I
1.1.1.4/29 VLAN12 1.1.4.18/28
VLAN12 1.1.4.19/28
1.1.1.6/29 (active)
Legend:
Physical IP address
Virtual IP address (act.)
Virtual IP address (stby)
When the active UNI fails, the transport network will activate the spare UNI It will also send MSTP/STP BPDUs to enable the site routers to learn the new network topology, and after topology is learnt, frame forwarding will continue via
the other router
20 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
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B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Router failure
RNC2600
NPGEP 0 (WO)
GE0 1.1.1.1/29
1.1.1.5/29
NPGEP 1 (SP)
GE0 1.1.1.1/29
O&M 1.1.4.25/29 1.1.4.26/29
BTS 2
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.20/29
UN
I
1.1.1.4/29
HSRP virtual router
HSRP responsibility
switchover
RNCs NPGE unit performs switchover in order to utilize physical links towards second router while UNI switchover does the same on the network side
A layer 3 based switchover of the routers gateway functionality is also performed so that NPGEs need only one gateway IP address
NPGE switchover requires the failing router to switch off their ports
21 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
R 255 G 175
B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
HSRP virtual router
ToP interface failure
O&M 1.1.4.25/29 1.1.4.26/29
BTS 2
C/U-Plane 1.1.4.20/29
UN
I
1.1.5.17/29
1.1.5.20/29
1.1.5.21/29
Only one ToP port is active at a time. The system is monitoring both ports (later unit redundancy will be available.
After detecting an failure in the Ethernet link, there is a switchover to the other port (in 1.5 ~ 3 seconds)
The ToP master will send a gratuitous ARP through the working port so that the HSRP virtual router will properly switch traffic to the other port
1.1.1.6/29 (active)
1.1.1.6/29 (standby)
Legend:
Physical IP address
Virtual IP address (act.)
Virtual IP address (stby)
22 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
R 255 G 175
B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Quality of Service
23 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
R 255 G 175
B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Quality of Service introduction
Traffic classification All other traffic types are classified to some QoS class (PHB) Packets are marked according to the allocated QoS class (DSCP and VLAN p-
bits)
Admission control DCH RT, DCH nRT and HSPA RT traffic is subject to admission control
In this case all NRT HSPA traffic is treated as best effort (i.e. NBR=0 for all HSPA SPIs)
Scheduling Different traffic classes are scheduled according to the traffic class and the
weight assigned to that class
Shaping In this case there is not shaping in RNC and in Node B. Traffic is limited to the
interface rate
Traffic limitation relies on the CAC, on dimensioning and on air interface limitation.
If there is congestion, lower priority traffic will be dropped
24 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
R 255 G 175
B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Mean user traffic per BTS
Service Type (RAB) Service bit rate on Iub
[kbps] Mean traffic per BTS (BH)
CS AMR 12.2 Voice 12.2 19.2 Erl
VoIP (Streaming HSPA) GBR: 29.6 4.8 Erl
CS 64 UDI Video 64 3 Erl
DCH PS I/B 64 DL 64 82 kbps
DCH PS I/B 128 DL 128 100 kbps
DCH PS I/B 384 DL 384 120 kbps
HSPA I/B Max. 14 Mbps 1500 kbps
Three BTSs are used in this case
For UL traffic, the following ratio is applied:
Release 99 (UL/DL): 1/5
HSxPA Rel. 6 (HSUPA / HSDPA): 1/4.3
25 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
R 255 G 175
B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Iub Service Level Agreement
Maximum delays
(based on measurements)
Iub+Iur: R99 voice: 50 ms R99 data: 50 ms HSDPA: 200 ms HSUPA: 160 ms
Packet loss: better than 0.1% (10-3)
Recommended network conditions
(based on end-to-end performance targets)
Iub+Iur: Delay: 20 ms or lower Delay variation: below +/- 5 ms
Packet loss: better than 0.01% (10-4) For video streaming applications e.g. lower frame loss of 10 -6 is recommended
Availability: 99.99%
RNC
NB
Eth
SGSN
MGW
NB
Eth
RNC
Eth
Eth
Eth
Iub Iu-PS
Iur
Iu-CS Iub
26 Nokia Siemens Networks
R 255 G 211
B 8
R 255 G 175
B 0
R 127 G 16
B 162
R 163 G 166
B 173
R 137 G 146
B 155
R 175 G 0
B 51
R 52 G 195
B 51
R 0 G 0
B 0
R 255 G 255
B 255
Primary colours: Supporting colours:
For internal use company confidential
Jos Manuel Tapia / 9.12.2008
Q&A
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