Concepts on Aerosol Characterization
R.B. HusarWashington University in St. Louis
Presented at
EPA – OAQPS Seminar
Research Triangle Park, NC, April 4, 2005
NAAMS: National Ambient Air Monitoring Strategy and NCore
Applications
Regional Haze Rule: Natural Aerosol
The goal is to attain natural conditions by 2064;The baseline is established during 2000-2004The first SIP & Natural Condition estimate in 2008;SIP & Natural Condition Revisions every 10 yrs
Natural haze is due to natural windblown dust, biomass smoke and other natural processes
Man-made haze is due industrial activities AND man-perturbed smoke and dust emissions
A fraction of the man-perturbed smoke and dust is assigned to natural by policy decisions
PM25 NAAQS: Natural and Exceptional Event Rule (Making)
• What is a Natural or Exceptional Event?• How does one document the events?• How is event treated in NAAQS
Satellite applications to Smoke/PM management
Satellite applications to Smoke/PM management• Observation-based smoke emissions: input to dynamic and receptor models
• Real-time event analysis/forecasting for regulatory and public needs• PM exceptional event waivers for NAAQS; • PM climatology for NAAQS; spatial analysis; complement NAAMS/Ncore • Policy and SIP development: NAAQS, Regional Haze rule; Treaties
Decision Support Systems
Standards Based Products
Platforms, Sensors
Data Distribution Handling
TaskingDistribution
Processing
Exploitation
NASA ESE Information
Cycle
AirQuality
AssessmentCompare to GoalsPlan ReductionsTrack Progress
Controls (Actions)
Monitoring(Sensing)
Set GoalsCAAA
NAAQS
AQ Management
Loop
FASTNET Fast Aerosol Sensing Tools for Natural Event Tracking
DataFed Data Federation
FASTNET is an open communal facility to study non-industrial (e.g. dust and smoke) aerosol events, including detection, tracking and impact on PM and haze.
FASTNET output will be directly applicable, to public health protection, Regional Haze rule, SIP and model development as well as toward stimulating the scientific community.
The main asset of FASTNET is the community of data analysts, modelers, managers and others participating in the production of actionable knowledge from observations,
models and human reasoning
The FASTNET community will be supported by a networking infrastructure based on open Internet standards (web services) and a set of web-tools evolving under the federated data
system, DataFed.
DataFed itself is under the umbrella of the interagency Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP) which includes NASA, NOAA and EPA (soon)
Technical Challenge: Characterization
• PM characterization requires many different instruments and analysis tools.
• Each sensor/network covers only a fraction of the 8-D PM data space.
• Most of the 8D PM pattern is extrapolated from sparse measured data.
Satellite-Integral
• Satellites, integrate over height H, size D, composition C, shape, and mixture dimensions; these data need de-convolution of the integral measures.
Temporal Scales of Aerosol Events• A goal of the FASTNET project is to detect and document natural aerosol
events in the context of the overall PM pattern
• Inherently, aerosol events are spikes in the time series of monitoring but the definition and documentation of events has been highly subjective
• Temporal variation occurs at many scales from micro scale (minutes) to secular scale (decades)
• At each scale the variation is dominated different combination of the key processes: emission, transport, transformations and removal
• Natural aerosol events occur mostly at synoptic scale of 3-5 days
Status: CATT & FASTNET have been Eaten by DataFed.Net
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