Types of Colonies Royal Colony - territory ruled by the English
government (king) Proprietary Colony territory owned by one person
Joint Stock Colony (corporate colony or business colony) territory
in which investors own the land
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Virginia (1607) Jamestown- starving time, John Smith,
tobacco
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Massachusetts Puritans (Pilgrims) Mayflower, Mayflower Compact,
1 st Thanksgiving
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New York (originally New Amsterdam) 1624 Manhattan Island was
bought from the Indians for pots, cloth, beads and hatchets Settled
by the Dutch (from the Netherlands). The Dutch treated people badly
and in 1664, the English overtook them without firing a shot. The
people had no loyalty towards the Dutch. Land was given to the Duke
of York and he named it New York.
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New York
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Maryland (1633) Settled by Lord Baltimore as a safe place for
Catholics. Gave religious freedom to all that came there.
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Rhode Island (1636) Roger Williams was kicked out of
Massachusetts Bay Colony by the Pilgrims. He settled in what is now
Rhode Island. His colony offered religious freedom to all. Also the
government could not interfere in religious matters. (Separation of
church and state)
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Connecticut (1636) Clergyman Thomas Hooker left Mass. To look
for more land 1639 Fundamental Orders of Connecticut first written
Constitution in the New World. It stated that all men who owned
property and swore an oath of loyalty to the colony were permitted
to vote
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Connecticut
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Delaware (1638) Settled for trading purposes. Founded by the
Swedish, then taken by the Dutch, then taken by the English. Stayed
part of Pennsylvania until the 1170s
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New Hampshire Settled for fishing and trading purposes
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North Carolina & South Carolina Land given to proprietors
as a reward for their loyalty to the king
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New Jersey (1664) This land was given to two men (Sir George
Carteret and Lord Berkeley) by the Duke of York. They promised
self- government and religious freedom
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Pennsylvania Land was given to William Penn by the King of
England. Penn was Quaker. Called Quakers because they trembled at
the word of God. They believed in equality of men and women and the
rich and poor. Quakers were persecuted in England due to their
beliefs and Penn. Became a place to flee to. Pennsylvania means
Penns Woods Penn promised freedom of religion and guaranteed not to
tax settlers without their consent.
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Georgia (1732) James Oglethorpe founded this colony. Settled
originally as a buffer between Spanish Florida and the rest of the
colonies. Oglethorpe believed Georgia could be a safe place for
debtors in England to get a fresh start.
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Georgia
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When King George II died in 1760, he gave complete control of
the colonies to his son King George III. About 1 million colonists
and 500,000 slaves lived here.