1.041.04STRUCTURES STRUCTURES OF THE OF THE MUSCULAR MUSCULAR SYSTEMSYSTEM
The Muscular SystemThe Muscular System• Comprises nearly half our weight.• Over 650 muscles.• Each muscle is made up of hundreds or
thousands of muscle fibers.
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The Muscular SystemThe Muscular System::Muscle FibersMuscle Fibers• Bundles of threadlike structures called myofibrils
• Composed of:• Myosin- thick myofibrils made of proteins• Actin- thin myofibrils made of proteins
• Form overlapping pattern called sarcomere
muscle muscle fiber sarcolemma sarcomere functional unit of muscle movement 1
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Structures of the muscular systemStructures of the muscular system
MusclesMusclesSkeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
Sphincter
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Connective tissueConnective tissue
Tendons
Fascia
Structures of the muscular systemStructures of the muscular system
Types of muscleTypes of muscleSkeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
Sphincter
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Structures of the muscular systemStructures of the muscular system
Types of MuscleTypes of Muscle
SKELETAL MUSCLESSKELETAL MUSCLES
Attached to boneAttached to bone
Striated (striped) appearanceStriated (striped) appearance
VoluntaryVoluntary
Multinucleated muscle cell bundlesMultinucleated muscle cell bundles
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Structures of the muscular systemStructures of the muscular system
Types of MuscleTypes of Muscle
SMOOTH MUSCLESSMOOTH MUSCLES
Also known as visceral muscles
Involuntary
Located in walls of digestive
system, uterus & blood vessels
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Structures of the muscular systemStructures of the muscular system
Types of MuscleTypes of Muscle
CARDIAC MUSCLECARDIAC MUSCLEFound only in the heartStriated, branchedInvoluntaryCells are fused- when one contracts, they all contract, creating the heartbeat 1
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Structures of the muscular systemStructures of the muscular system
Types of MuscleTypes of Muscle
SPHINCTER MUSCLESSPHINCTER MUSCLESAlso called dilator musclesAlso called dilator musclesSpecial, circular musclesSpecial, circular musclesLocated in the Located in the
digestive systemdigestive system urinary systemurinary system
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Structures of the muscular systemStructures of the muscular system
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Connective tissueConnective tissue
Tendons
dense bands that connect skeletal muscle to
the bone
Structures of the muscular systemStructures of the muscular system
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Connective tissueConnective tissue
FasciaFasciaFibrous connective
tissue sheets that wrap around muscle bundles
How do skeletal muscles get How do skeletal muscles get their names?their names?
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• However, However, • not all muscles are named by the above methods!not all muscles are named by the above methods!
Head & Neck Muscles pg. 204-205Head & Neck Muscles pg. 204-205
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Torso/Trunk pg 204-205Torso/Trunk pg 204-205(anterior)
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Torso/TrunkTorso/Trunk(anterior)
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Torso/TrunkTorso/Trunk(posterior)
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Upper extremitiesUpper extremities
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Lower extremitiesLower extremities
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