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Welcome to the CLU-IN Internet Seminar
Vadose-zone Monitoring as a key to Groundwater Protection and Optimization of Remediation Strategies
Sponsored by: USEPA Technology Innovation & Field Services DivisionDelivered: April 07, 2010, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM, EDT (17:00-19:00 GMT)
Instructor:Ofer Dahan, Ben Gurion University of the Negev ([email protected])
Moderator:Jean Balent, U.S. EPA, Technology Innovation and Field Services Division ([email protected])
Visit the Clean Up Information Network online at www.cluin.org
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Vadose-zone Monitoring Systemkey to groundwater protection and
optimization of remediation strategies
Dr. Ofer Dahan Ben-Gurion UniversityE-mail: [email protected] Phone: (+972) 52 8795888
Shuki BonesE-Mail: [email protected]: (+972) 50 5316637
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Perchlorate
Perchlorate (ppm)
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
De
pth
(m
)0
10
20
30
40 T10A1T10A 40
0
10
20
30
Meters bgs
53.1
28.027.0
1.0
13.0
20.0
34.0
17.0
7.0
2.0
50
40.05
29.0
40
0
10
20
30
Meters bgs
53.1
28.027.0
1.0
13.0
20.0
34.0
17.0
7.0
2.0
50
40.05
29.0
Profiles- a snap shot in time of dynamic processes
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Groundwater
Pollution source
Vadose Zone
Observation well
Groundwater monitoring through observation wells
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VADOSE ZONE MONITORING SYSTEM
Designed to provide:
Continuous real-time information on the hydraulic and chemical properties of the percolating water in deep vadose zone
through in-situ measurements of natural undisturbed conditions
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VMS application in projects on water percolation and contaminant transport through the vadose zone
Natural rain water infiltration through sand dunes
Waste water infiltration from contaminated stream channels
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Orchard
Open field cropGreen house
VMS application in projects on water percolation and contaminant transport through the vadose zone
Agricultural setups
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Flood water infiltration
Water infiltration from reservoirs
VMS application in projects on water percolation and contaminant transport through the vadose zone
Wadi Arava, IL
Buffels River, SA
Tzukim reservoir, IL
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VMS application in projects on water percolation and contaminant transport through the vadose zone
Diary farm influence on groundwater
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Controlled remediation of contaminated vadose zone
VMS application in projects on water percolation and contaminant transport through the vadose zone
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Floodwater Percolation and Groundwater Recharge in Arid LandsFloodwater Percolation and Groundwater Recharge in Arid Lands
Dahan et al., 2007. Journal of HydrologyDahan et al., 2007. Journal of HydrologyDahan et al., 2008. GroundwaterDahan et al., 2008. GroundwaterDahan et al., 2009. Vadose zone JournalDahan et al., 2009. Vadose zone Journal18
Monitoring of floodwater percolation and groundwater Monitoring of floodwater percolation and groundwater recharge in arid lands – Kuiseb River, Namibiarecharge in arid lands – Kuiseb River, Namibia
Dahan et al., 2008. GroundwaterDahan et al., 2008. GroundwaterMorin et al., 2009. J of HydrologyMorin et al., 2009. J of Hydrology
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30/10/04
Water Content
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
Dep
th (
m)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 days2 days20 days40 days108 days197 days
30/10/04
Water Content
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
Dep
th (
m)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 hours2 hours8 hours12 hours16 hours32 hours
Water content profile in the vadose zone under a reservoir
Second flood
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Silt & clay accumulation on the bottom an infiltration reservoir as a consequence of a single flood event
Tzukim reservoir - Arava, Israel
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Water percolation and solute transport through layered heterogeneous
sediments
Dahan et al., 2009. Vadose zone Journal.
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Water content variation
Water percolation and solute transport through layered heterogeneous sediments
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Tracers breakthrough curves at various depths during
infiltration depth
(a) 0.6 m
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
(c) 2.2 m
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
(d) 3 m
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
(b) 1.4 m
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
Time (h)T1 T2 T3 T5T4
Rel
ativ
e co
ncen
trat
ion
(C/C
0)
Tracers injection period
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Water Percolation Through Deep Vadose Zone
Rimon et al., 2007: Water percolation through the deep vadose zone and groundwater recharge: preliminary results based on a new vadose-zone monitoring system. Water Resources Research.
FTDR
Ob
serv
ati
on
wel
l
6.5
m
21
m
VSP
Vadose zone
Groundwater
FTDR
Ob
serv
ati
on
wel
l
6.5
m
21
m
VSPFTDR
Ob
serv
ati
on
wel
l
6.5
m
21
m
Ob
serv
ati
on
wel
l
6.5
m
21
m
VSP
Vadose zone
Groundwater
3-D representation of the monitoring setup
Field installation
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Water content variation due to rain induced infiltration events across a 21m thick vadose zone
Water content variation due to rain induced infiltration events across a 21m thick vadose zone
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Water content variation due to infiltration events across a 21m thick vadose zone
Water content variation due to infiltration events across a 21m thick vadose zone
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Water content variation due to infiltration events across a 21m thick vadose zone
Water content variation due to infiltration events across a 21m thick vadose zone
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0
5
10
15
20
25
20/11/2005 18/12/2005 15/01/2006 12/02/2006 12/03/2006 09/04/2006
Dep
th (
m)
Wetting front propagation across the vadose zoneWetting front propagation across the vadose zone
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Potential monitoring application
• Leaches under LANDFILLS
• Fuel leaks from GAS STATIONS
• Leaks HAZARDOUS WASTE from tanks, storage lagoons and sensitive factories of potential pollution
• On line monitoring and control of REMRDIATION efficiency
* The monitoring system may be installed under existing active facilities with minimal disturbance
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