1 Ultra Capacitor E-bus Electricity 2013 Dr. Dan Weinstock
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2 Agenda What is an E-bus? Why E-Bus? Types of E-bus UC E-bus
public transportation solution Israel: Pilot and
Standardization
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3 About myself 1 st & 2 nd degree in EE from the Technion
Ph. D. from TAU Technical Officer in IAF EE of the Light Rail
Project Director of Electricity Administration in the Energy
Ministry EE of Better Place Currently an energy consultant (RE, NG,
EE, SG, ET) Married, 2 children, 1 dog, live in Raanana
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4 What is an E-bus? E-bus is a regular bus, which instead of
being driven by a polluting diesel engine, is being equipped and
driven by an electric motor. The electricity for the electric motor
is supplied by rechargeable batteries or ultra capacitors (UC). The
E-bus does not pollute the air and significantly saves energy.
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5 Why E-bus? World wide non-conciliatory growing demand for
cleaner personal and public transportation Readiness of governments
to invest enormous capital for any reduction of the pollution No
doubt the trend of the future Electric engines are much more
efficient than diesels. Interesting business opportunity Great
saving in energy cost Great saving in bus maintenance cost
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6 Energy Saving Fuel consumption of a diesel city bus is 1.3
2.5 km/liter. Electric consumption (with A/C) is 1 1.2 kWh/km. In
most of the worlds countries, operation of E-bus might save the
operators significant sums of money due to the much lower cost of
1.2 kWh vs. the cost of fuel. Actually the most important task and
target is to reduce the pollution in side the cities. Saving of
energy cost is just an extra benefit.
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7 Maintenance Saving The maintenance cost of an E-bus is
significantly lower than the diesel buses. No internal combustion
engine No Gear box No exhaust system and no catalytic convertor No
cooling system and radiators No fuel injection system No oil, fuel
and air filters required. No timing and driving belts
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8 Pollution Reduction Ideal burning of diesel produces 2.6 kg
of CO 2 per 1liter or 2.2 kg CO 2 per 1km. Production of 1kWh
produces 0.8kg CO 2 in coal & oil power stations and 0.52kg CO
2 in gas turbine power stations. E-bus will not pollute at all in
the city, and will produce only about 1/3 CO 2 vs. the diesel
buses.
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9 Battery based E-bus A more common technology. At least 10
serious Chinese bus producers are offering this technology. About
1.31.5 tons of Li-Ion batteries, 5-7 charging hours, provide up to
140km with A/C. One of the Chinese E-buses producers offers 4 tons
Load of batteries in order to provide 200 250km between charging.
Requires individual charging units for each E-bus.
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Individual charging unit for each bus
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12 UC based E-bus Contrary to passengers cars, city buses are
traveling in fixed courses. This enable effective and relatively
low cost electrical charging infrastructure. The city line terminal
(initial bus stop) is equipped with automatic charging system. The
new technology of UC enable using the bus stopping for passengers
boarding for the charging.
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13 5 UC E-bus charging while stopping in bus stop
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14 7 UC E-bus charging while stopping in bus stop
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15 11 Only 6m of electric wires on top of the bus stop
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16 UC E-bus 2 nd generation 5-8 minutes charging in the
terminal (beginning of the line), will enable driving 1030km w/o
charging. 480kg UC will enable 10km between charging 960kg UC will
enable 20km between charging 1,440kg UC will enable 30km between
charging Actually the UC E-bus can drive around the clock with out
any distance limitations. No need for an individual charging system
for each E-bus. A few charging stations in the night parking lot
and in each line end will do.
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17 Advantages of UC Lower curb weight Higher load capacity
Lower E-bus cost vs. batteries one Regular inner city bus design
Lower investment in infrastructure (only one charging unit for each
city line) No explosion risk in cases of impact or quick discharge
Low temperatures does not effect the performance, neither the
efficiency and output of the UC. Can perform with full capacity
even at - 40c. No need to warm batteries storage cabins Longer
life-span
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18 UC Technology Successfully operated in Shanghais public
transportation for 5 years 5,000,000 km accumulated. Great Success
while operating during the great EXPO in Shanghai 2010. Now, upon
achieving full compliance to the EU standards (WBTA), will start
exporting to the West. Future UC developments could be integrated
into the current models and will not require new. Safer than any
other bus (Gas, Diesel & Batteries) as the UC are based on
water.
Bus stop equipped with double charging units for 2 E-buses
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triple charging units
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Drivers monitor is tuned to the charging jack
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Drivers monitor is tuned to the charging jack & the back
door
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30 " " ! - -
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31 China is preceding the West in the clean public
transportation area. Many of Chinas cities are already successfully
operating E-buses as part of the city public transportation system.
This trend is picking up rapidly. E-buses in China is a fact.
Production of E-buses in China
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32 Production of E-buses in China Production of a bus requires
a lot of manual work. A skilled Chinese worker earns about $500 per
month (10 times cheaper than in Europe). This might be one of the
major reasons for the huge difference in the buses costs. The UC
E-bus is produced in one of the worlds biggest bus factory and
complies with the full European standards and regulations (WVTA),
using top Western major parts (such as Siemens electric motors,
German ZF steering and axles).
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33 UC E-buses contour
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34 UC E-buses contour
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35 The new UC E-buses model for EU & NA
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ItemParameter Input of Main Transformer10kV 3 Phase 4 Wires
Type of Rectifier12 Pulse Rectifying Power Factor>0.85
Protection Over voltage Over current lack of phase Short circuit
Voltage Output Range DC 600 680V Max. Output CurrentDC 250A
Clearance of Feeder to Ground 4.5 4.6m Installation ModeUp or Under
Ground Power Supply for range extender
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Special high-tension automotive cable is safer and more
reliable due to its specialty of good thermo stability, antioxidant
and anti-interference performance Special high-tension plug for
automobile ensure waterproof dustproof and a wide range of work
temperature. Double-deck EMI projection can decrease more EMI, and
has a good performance in abrasive resistance, corrosion
resistance, thermo stability
1 2 2 2 3 4 4 5 56 6 7 2 8 8 8 8 1. Air Compressor 2. Air Tank
3. Brake Pedal 4. ABS & Front Brake Chamber 5. Spring Brake 6.
ABS & Rear Brake Chamber 7. Hand Brake 8. ECAS Air bag Breaking
System
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The bus has a good riding comfortableness due to the
combination of ZF axles, air suspension, and good traffic ability
characteristic spouting of ECAS system, which can kneel and lift
the bus Suspensions
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45 Israel Dan plans a pilot of UC E-bus in 2014 An Israeli
standard, based on a Chinese standard is under preparation. The
expert committee (131701) members are: Dr. Noldi Grinberg, IEC
Chairman Yaacov Shem Tov, Transportation Ministry Shmuel Ben Ari,
Egged Natan Morag - Dan Issac Akerman SII Dr. Dan Weinstock Private
Consultant