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1.5 SENSE OF HEARING
-The ear is the sensory organ for hearing
and body balance.- the ear has 3 main parts: outer ear, middle
ear and inner ear.
PART OF
EAR
FUNCTION
Outer ear Receives and directs sound waves to
the eardrum
Middle ear Vibrates and transmit sound vibrationsto the inner ear
Inner ear Convert sound vibration into nerve
impulses which are carried by auditorynerve to the brain.
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Outer ear Middle ear Inner ear
ear pinna
ear canal
eardrum
Ossicles
Semicircularcanal
Cochlea
Eustachian
tube
Auditorynerve
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Part of the ear Function
(c) Inner ear
Function:
Convert sound
vibration into
nerve impulses
which are
carried by
auditory nerve
to the brain.
(l) Cochlea Changes sound vibrations to nerve
impulse(k) Auditory
nerves
Sends nerve impulse to the brain for
interpretation
Doesnt involvein hearing
mechanisms
(l) Eustachiantube
Equalizes the air pressure in bothsides of the ear
(m)Semicircular
canal
Controls the balance of body
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The flow chart of hearing mechanism.
Ear pinna Ear canal eardrum
ossiclesoval windowcochlea
Auditory nerve Brain
Nerve impulse
Nerve
impulse
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1.6 sense of sight
Aqueous humour
Cornea
Pupil
Iris
Lens
Ciliary muscles
Vitreous humour
Sclera
Choroid
Retina
Yellow spot
Blind spot
Nerve
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Part of the
eye
Function
Aqeoushumuor
Maintains shape of eyeball. Helps to focuslight onto retina.
Sclera Protect eyeball.
Choroid Absorbs light to prevent reflection.Lens Focus light onto retina
Vitreous
humour
Maintains shape of eyeball. Helps to focus
light onto retina.
Retina Detects image forms
Iris Control size of pupil
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Part of the eye Function
Cornea Helps to focus light onto retina
Ciliary
muscles
Contracts and relaxes to changes the
thickness of the lens.
Pupil Allows light to enter the eyesConjuctiva Protects the cornea
Yellow spot Detects light or image and form nerve
impulseBlind spot The part of the eye that are not sensitive to
light.
Optic nerve Carries nerve impulses from the retina to the
brain for intepretation.
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The flow chart of mechanism of sight.
LIGHT Cornea Aqueous
humour
PupilLensVitreous humour
Retina Optic nerveNerve
impulse
Brain
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1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkPj4IGbmQQ2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0HzWmldLDHI&feature=watch_response
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkPj4IGbmQQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0HzWmldLDHI&feature=watch_responsehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0HzWmldLDHI&feature=watch_responsehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkPj4IGbmQQ7/31/2019 1-5 Hear n Sight
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Iris control the size of pupil in order to allow certain
amount of light to enter our eyes.
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1.7 LIGHT AND SIGHT
Reflection: light bounces off the surface of an
object.
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Law of Reflection isobeyed if the parallel
light rays fall ontouniform surface.
If the light rays fallonto non uniform
surface, the reflectedray will be dispersed.
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Application of reflection of light.
Periscope
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1.7 LIGHT AND SIGHT
Refraction : happen when light
travels through two
different medium
with different
densities at an
angle. This cause
the light to bent.
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