1 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA basics & RRM
2 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA RRM & parameters: Module Objectives
At the end of the module you will be able to:
Explain the physical layer basics of HSDPA technology
List the capabilities & enhancements of HSDPA
Explain the principles of HSDPA RRM
3 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA RRM: Contents
HSDPA Principles
HSDPA Physical Channels
RU40 Capabilities & Baseband Configuration
HSDPA Packet Scheduling
Basics of HSDPA Power Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Code Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Mobility
HSDPA Channel Type Selection
Associated UL DCH
Appendix
4 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA Principles
High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) based on:
Node B decisions
Multi-code operation
Fast Link Adaptation Adaptive Modulation & Coding AMC
Fast Packet Scheduling
Fast H-ARQ
Fast 2 ms TTI*
Downwards Compatibility with R99 (shared or dedicated carrier)
* TTI = 1 Subframe = 3 Slots = 2 ms
H-ARQ: Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request
Motivation:
- enhanced spectrum efficiency
- higher peak rates >> 2 Mbps
- higher cell throughput
- reduced delay for ACK transmission
3GPP Rel. 5; TS 25.308:
HSDPA Overall Description
HSDPAenabled WCEL; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
5 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Adaptive Modulation & Coding (1/2)
I
Q 0000
0010
0011
0001
1000
1010
1011
1001
1100
1110
1111
1101
0100
0110
0111
0101
16QAM
4-Bit Keying QPSK
2-Bit Keying
Q
I
(1,1) (0,1)
(1,0) (0,0)
HSDPA uses
QPSK 16QAM 64QAM* dynamically based on
quality of the radio link
* defined in 3GPP Rel. 7 / implemented with NSN RU20
6 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Adaptive Modulation & Coding (2/2)
Rate
Matching
Puncturing /
Repetition
Turbo Coding
1/3
Effective
Code Rate:
1/4 - 3/4
HSDPA Adaptive Coding
based on the R99 1/3 Turbo Coding
Rate Matching: Puncturing or Repetition
code rate: 1/6 4/4
dynamically based on quality of the radio link
7 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
C1,0 = [1]
C2,1 = [1-1]
C2,0 = [11]
C4,0 = [1111]
C4,1 = [11-1-1]
C4,2 = [1-11-1]
C4,3 = [1-1-11]
C8,0 = [11111111]
C8,1 = [1111-1-1-1-1]
C8,2 = [11-1-111-1-1]
C8,3 = [11-1-1-1-111]
C8,4 = [1-11-11-11-1]
C8,5 = [1-11-1-11-11]
C8,6 = [1-1-111-1-11]
C8,7 = [1-1-11-111-1]
C16,0 = [.........]
C16,1 = [.........]
C16,15 = [........]
C16,14 = [........]
C16,13 = [........]
C16,12 = [........]
C16,11 = [........]
C16,10 = [........]
C16,9 = [.........]
C16,8 = [.........]
C16,7= [.........]
C16,6 = [.........]
C16,5 = [.........]
C16,4 = [.........]
C16,3 = [.........]
C16,2 = [.........]
SF = 1 2 4 8 SF = 16 256 512 ...
SF = 16
240 ksymb/s
Multi-Code operation:
1..15 codes
0.24 .. 3.6 Msymb/s
Multi Code Operation (1/3)
8 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Multi Code Operation (2/3)
RU20 includes
3GPP Rel. 7 features:
64QAM (RAN1643)
Modulation
QPSK
Coding rate
1/4
2/4
3/4
5 codes 10 codes 15 codes
600 kbps 1.2 Mbps 1.8 Mbps
1.2 Mbps 2.4 Mbps 3.6 Mbps
1.8 Mbps 3.6 Mbps 5.4 Mbps
16QAM
2/4
3/4
4/4
2.4 Mbps 4.8 Mbps 7.2 Mbps
3.6 Mbps 7.2 Mbps 10.8 Mbps
4.8 Mbps 9.6 Mbps 14.4 Mbps
64QAM
3/4
5/6
4/4
5.4 Mbps 10.8 Mbps 16.2 Mbps
6.0 Mbps 12.0 Mbps 18.0 Mbps
7.2 Mbps 14.4 Mbps 21.6 Mbps
64QAM
6 bits/symbol
HSDPA64QAMAllowed
WCEL; 0 (Disabled), 1 (Enabled)
9 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Multi Code Operation (3/3): HSDPA UE capability classes
HS- DSCH
category
max. No.
of
HS-DSCH
Codes
min. *
Inter-
TTI
interval
Modulation
Dual-
Stream
MIMO
supported
Peak
Rate
1 5 3 (6 ms) QPSK/16QAM No 1.2 Mbps
2 5 3 QPSK/16QAM No 1.2 Mbps
3 5 2 (4 ms) QPSK/16QAM No 1.8 Mbps
4 5 2 QPSK/16QAM No 1.8 Mbps
5 5 1 (2 ms) QPSK/16QAM No 3.6 Mbps
6 5 1 QPSK/16QAM No 3.6 Mbps
7 10 1 QPSK/16QAM No 7 Mbps
8 10 1 QPSK/16QAM No 7 Mbps
9 15 1 QPSK/16QAM No 10 Mbps
10 15 1 QPSK/16QAM No 14 Mbps
11 5 2 QPSK only No 1 Mbps
12 5 1 QPSK only No 1.8 Mbps
13 15 1 QPSK/16QAM/ 64QAM
No 17.4 Mbps
14 15 1 QPSK/16QAM/ 64QAM
No 21.1 Mbps
15 15 1 QPSK/16QAM Yes 23.4 Mbps
16 15 1 QPSK/16QAM Yes 28 Mbps
17 15 1 QPSK/16QAM/ 64QAM or Dual-Stream MIMO
17.4 or 23.4 Mbps
18 15 1 QPSK/16QAM/ 64QAM or Dual-Stream MIMO
21.1 or 28 Mbps
* TTI: Transmission Time Interval
RU20/30 include
3GPP Rel. 7/8 features:
64QAM (cat 13, 14, 17, 18)
2x2 MIMO (Dual-Stream MIMO) (cat 15, 16, 17, 18)
MIMO w/- 64QAM (cat 19, 20)
DC-HSDPA (cat 21, 22)
DCHSDPA w/- 64QAM (cat 23, 24)
RU40 include 3GPP Rel.9 features:
DCHSDPA w/-MIMO w/o 64QAM (cat 25, 26)
DCHSDPA & MIMO & 64QAM (cat 27, 28)
MIMOEnabled WCEL; 0 (Disabled), 1 (Enabled)
HSDPA64QAMAllowed
WCEL; 0 (Disabled), 1 (Enabled)
Further on HS-DSCH categories & other
parameters HSPA+ RRM
10 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
UE Iub
Uu
Red
uc
ed
retra
ns
mis
sio
n
RNC: functionalities
shifted to
Node B
more intelligence new functionalities
new UEs
HSDPA Capability
Classes
Network Modifications for HSDPA
UTRAN & UE:
modified PHY layer
modified MAC
modified transport and physical channels
modified coding
modified modulation
new Node B functionalities:
Acknowledged transmission: Fast H-ARQ faster retransmission / reduced delays ! less Iub retransmission traffic !
higher spectrum efficiency !
Fast Packet Scheduling fast & efficient resource allocation !
Fast Link Adaptation Adaptive Modulation & Coding ! compensation of fast fading (without fast PC)
higher peak rates & spectrum efficiency !
Node B
11 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA RRM
HSDPA Principles
HSDPA Physical Channels
RU40 Capabilities & Baseband Configuration
HSDPA Packet Scheduling
Basics of HSDPA Power Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Code Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Mobility
HSDPA Channel Type Selection
Associated UL DCH
Appendix
12 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Physical Channel Overview
HS-PDSCH High-Speed Physical DL Shared Channel
HS-SCCH High Speed Shared Control Channel
associated DCH Dedicated Channel (Rel. 99)
HS-DPCCH High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel
Node B
MAC-hs
F-DPCH Fractional Dedicated Physical Channel (Rel. 6/7)
13 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HS-PDSCH
HS-PDSCH: High-Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel Transfer of actual HSDPA data
5 - 15 code channels
QPSK or 16QAM modulation
Divided into 2 ms TTIs
Fixed SF16
HSPDSCHCodeSet HS-PDSCH code set; WCEL; (-) (-) (5 codes)
Examples
00000 00000 100000 = always 5 codes reserved (default)
11010 10100 100000 = number of reserved codes adjustable (5, 8, 10, 12, 14 or 15 codes, recommended)
0-4 codes always disabled 11-15
codes
6-10
codes
HS-PDSCH code set parameter Specifies whether number of
codes channels reserved for HSDPA is fixed* or dynamically adjustable
Minimum 5 code channels / Maximum 15 codes channels
Possible numbers of code channels enabled / disabled bit wise
14 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HS-SCCH
HS-SCCH: High-Speed Shared Control Channel L1 Control Data for UE; informs the UE how to decode the next HS-PDSCH frame
e.g. UE Identity, Channelization Code Set, Modulation Scheme, TBS, H-ARQ process information
Fixed SF128 transmitted 2 slots in advance to HS-PDSCHs NSN implementation with slow power control: shares DL power with the HS-PDSCH more than 1 HS-SCCH required when code multiplexing is used
TBS: Transport Block Size
Code multiplexing HSDPA service for several users
simultaneously
For each user individual HS-SCCH required
available only, if > 5 codes can be reserved for HS-PDSCH
SF16
HS-PDSCH
Time
User 1 User 2 User 3 User 4
Subframe
2 ms
5
10
15
MaxNbrOfHSSCCHCodes
Maximum number of HS-SCCH codes
WCEL; RU10 & earlier: 1..3; 1; 1; RU20: 1..4
15 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HS-DPCCH
UL HS-DPCCH: High-Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel MAC-hs Ack/Nack information (send when data received)
Channel Quality Information (CQI reports send every 4ms, hardcoded period)
Fixed SF 256
HARQ-ACK
(10 bit)
1 Slot = 2560 chip 2 Slots = 5120 chip
Subframe # 0 Subframe # i Subframe # N
1 HS-DPCCH Subframe = 2ms
CQI (20 bit)
Channel Quality Indication
TS 25.214: CQI values = 0 (N/A), 1 .. 30; steps: 1;
1 indicating lowest, 30 highest air interface quality
16 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HS-DPCCH & CQI
P-CPICH
UE observes
P-CPICH (Ec/Io)
CQI*
1 137 1 QPSK 0
2 173 1 QPSK 0
3 233 1 QPSK 0
4 317 1 QPSK 0
5 377 1 QPSK 0
6 461 1 QPSK 0
7 650 2 QPSK 0
8 792 2 QPSK 0
9 931 2 QPSK 0
10 1262 3 QPSK 0
11 1483 3 QPSK 0
12 1742 3 QPSK 0
13 2279 4 QPSK 0
14 2583 4 QPSK 0
15 3319 5 QPSK 0
16 3565 5 16-QAM 0
17 4189 5 16-QAM 0
18 4664 5 16-QAM 0
19 5287 5 16-QAM 0
20 5887 5 16-QAM 0
21 6554 5 16-QAM 0
22 7168 5 16-QAM 0
23 9719 7 16-QAM 0
24 11418 8 16-QAM 0
25 14411 10 16-QAM 0
26 14411 10 16-QAM -1
27 14411 10 16-QAM -2
28 14411 10 16-QAM -3
29 14411 10 16-QAM -4
30 14411 10 16-QAM -5
* UE internal (proprietary) process
TB Size [bit]
CQI value 0: N/A (Out of range)
= Reference Power Adjustment (Power Offset) [dB]
CQI used for:
Link Adaptation decision
Packet Scheduling decision
ACK/NACK used for:
H-ARQ process Link Adaptation decision
HS-SCCH power adaptation
CQI TB Size # codes Modulation
CQI Table (Example) TS 25.214: Annex Table 7b
Cat 8 UE
17 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Associated DCH (DL & UL)
DL DPCH: Associated Dedicated Physical Channel L3 signalling messages
Speech - AMR
Power control commands for associated UL DPCH
UL DPCH: (DPDCH & DPCCH) L3 signalling messages
Transfer of UL data 16 / 64 / 128 / 384 kbps, e.g. TCP acknowledgements
Speech - AMR
DPDCH / DPCCH (time multiplexed)
DPDCH: L3 signalling; AMR
DPCCH: TPC for UL DPCH power control
DPDCH: L3 signalling, AMR; TCP ACKs; 16 / 64 / 128 / 348 kbps
DPCCH: TPC, Pilot, TFCI
18 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Fractional DPCH: F-DPCH (DL)
The Fractional DPCH (F-DPCH):
introduced in 3GPP Rel. 6 (enhanced in Rel. 7; NSN RU20 implementation based on Rel. 7)
replaces the DL DPCCH
includes Transmit Power Control (TPC) bits but excludes TFCI & Pilot bits & SRB TFCI bits - no longer required as there is no DPDCH Pilot bits - no longer required as TPC bits are used for SIR measurements
SRB mapped to E-DCH & HS-DSCH
increases efficiency by allowing up to 10 UE to share the same DL SF256 channelization code - time multiplexed one after another
RU20 feature RAN1201; requires Rel. 7 or newer UE HSDPA & HSUPA must be enabled Feature is licensed using an RNC ON/OFF license License CPC exists and its state is ON
Tx Off TPC
Slot #i
1 time slot 2560 chips
Tx Off
256
chips
FDPCHEnabled WCEL; 0 (Disabled), 1 (Enabled)
19 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA RRM
HSDPA Principles
HSDPA Physical Channels
RU40 Capabilities & Baseband Configuration
HSDPA Packet Scheduling
Basics of HSDPA Power Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Code Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Mobility
HSDPA Channel Type Selection
Associated UL DCH
Appendix
20 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Summary
Characteristic RU10 RU20 RU30 RU40
HSDPA users per cell 64 72 (RAN1668) 72 128 (RAN2124)
Modulation QPSK/16QAM QPSK/16QAM & 64QAM
(RAN1643) QPSK/16QAM/64QAM QPSK/16QAM/64QAM
MIMO No Yes (2x2) (RAN1642) Yes Yes
Dual-Cell HSDPA No Yes (RAN1906) DC-HSDPA DC-HSDPA
DB DC HSDPA
(RAN2179)
Data rate per UE up to 14 Mbps up to 42 Mbps up to 42 Mbps 84 Mbps
(RAN 1907) up to 84 Mbps (RAN1907)
Traffic Classes Interactive + Background
+ Streaming
+ CS Voice over HSPA
(RAN1689) all traffic classes
all traffic classes
Packet Scheduler Proportional Fair (PF)
+ QoS Aware HSPA
Scheduling
PF + QoS aware
scheduling
PF + QoS aware
scheduling
PF + QoS aware
scheduling
HSDPA Multi-RAB multiple RAB HSDPA +
AMR
multiple RAB HSDPA +
AMR
multiple RAB HSDPA +
AMR, +CS64 Conv.
multiple RAB HSDPA +
AMR, +CS64 Conv.
Code Multiplexing (Scheduled users per TTI)
Yes (up to 3) Yes (up to 4) Yes (up to 4) Yes (up to 4)
UL associated DCH 16, 64, 128, 384 Kbps 16, 64, 128, 384 Kbps 16, 64, 128, 384 Kbps 16, 64, 128, 384 Kbps
DB: Dual Band
21 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Most enhanced features must be licensed individually and are activated by setting individual off / on parameter
Some features can be activated on cell level, others on WBTS or even RNC level only
Feature Activation
HSDPAenabled WCEL; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
HSDPA48UsersEnabled RNFC; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
HSDPA64UsersEnabled WCEL; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
HSDPA14MbpsPerUser WBTS; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
HSDPAMobility Serving HS-DSCH cell change & SHO on/off switch
RNFC ; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
HspaMultiNrtRabSupport HSPA multi RAB NRT support
WCEL; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
HSDPADynamicResourceAllocation HSDPA Dynamic Resource Allocation
RNFC; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
HSDPA16KPBSReturnChannel HSDPA 16 Kbps UL DCH return channel on/off
RNFC; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
HSPA72UsersPerCell WCEL; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
if enabled, max. 72 HSDPA/HSUPA users can be
supported per cell.
HSPA128UsersPerCell WCEL; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
if enabled, max. 128 HSDPA/HSUPA users can be
supported per cell.
RU20/
30
HSDPA64QAMAllowed; MIMOEnabled;
DCellHSDPAEnabled; MIMOWith64QAMUsage
WCEL; 0 (Disabled), 1 (Enabled)
DCellAndMIMOUsage
WCEL; 0=DC-HSDPA and MIMO disabled; 1=DC-HSDPA and MIMO
w/o 64QAM enabled; 2=DC-HSDPA and MIMO with 64QAM enabled
FDPCHEnabled; CPCEnabled
WCEL; 0 (Disabled), 1 (Enabled)
HSPAQoSEnabled WCEL; 0..4; 1; 0 = disabled
0 = QoS prioritization is not in use for HS transport
1 = QoS prioritization is used for HS NRT channels
2 = HSPA streaming is in use
3 = HSPA CS voice is in use
4 = HSPA streaming & CS voice are in use
RU40
22 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Cell Group Definition
SCHs under the same Node B should not overlap with each other
define for each sector offset relative to BTS frame number with parameter Tcell
Cells with offsets within certain range form one cell group Group 1 offset = 0-512 chips Group 2 offset = 768-1280 chips Group 3 offset = 1536-2048 chips Group 4 offset = 2304 chips
0 chips
256 chips
512 chips
BTS reference
SCH
BTS reference
SCH
BTS reference
SCH
Tcell Frame timing offset of a cell
WCEL; 0..2304 chips;
256 chips; no default
23 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSPA 72 / 128 Users per Cell (1/3)
72/128 users
72/128 users
72/128 users
Hardware requirements:
Flexi Node B must have Rel2 or Rel3 system module
HSPA72UsersPerCell
WCEL; 0 = not enabled; 1 = enabled
HSPA 72 users/cell: RAN1686 (RU20); HSPA 128 users/cell: RAN2124 (RU40); optional
RNC License Key required (On-Off)
increases the number of simultaneous HSPA users to 72 / 128 per cell both with dedicated & shared scheduler
HSDPA, HSUPA, Dynamic Resource Allocation must be enabled, Continuous Packet Connectivity & F-DPCH are recommended for both RAN1686 & RAN2124, HSUPA DL Physical Channel Power Control
recommended for RAN2124
max. 15 codes allocated (HS-PDSCH code set = 11010 10100 10000) Code multiplexing (max. no. of HS-SCCH codes MaxNbrOfHSSCCHCodes = 4)
HSDPA 16 Kbps UL DCH should be enabled to avoid UL overload
Other parameters may restrict max. number of
HSPA users, e.g.:
- WCEL: MaxNumberEDCHCell
- WBTS: MaxNumberEDCHLCG
- WCEL: MaxNumberHSDSCHMACdFlows
- WCEL: MaxNumberHSDPAUsers
- WCEL: MaxNumbHSDPAUsersS
- WCEL: MaxNumbHSDSCHMACdFS
- WCEL: MEHMaxHSDPAUsers
HSPA128UsersPerCell
WCEL; 0 = not enabled; 1 = enabled
24 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
DL Code allocation in a cell depends on activated features and traffic
if HSPA 72 Users Per Cell or HSPA 128 Users Per Cell is enabled, RNC allocates DL codes according to Maximum number of scheduled HSDPA user per TTI (Code Multiplexing) or Temporary maximum number of HSDPA users if Mass Event Handler is enabled (MEHMaxHSDPAUsers; WCEL; 0..128; 1; 30)
MaxNbrOfHSSCCHCodes; WCEL; 1..4; 1; 1 (4 is recommended in both cases)
1 E-RGCH & E-HICH codes is reserved in cell setup; max number of E-RGCH/E-HICH codes is 4 or not limited
reserved number of E-RGCH/E-HICH codes depend on number of HSUPA users, TTI (2ms or 10ms), whether the cell is serving or non-serving E-DCH cell to the UE, and scheduled or non-scheduled transmission
if Paging 24 kbps feature is enabled, more DL codes are needed to separate FACH and PCH traffic
PCH24kbpsEnabled; WCEL; on/off & NbrOfSCCPCHs; WCEL; 1..3; 1; 1
S-CCPCH
depending on
FACH / PCH
configuration
HS-SCCH
E-RGCH
E-HICH
HSPA 72 / 128 Users Per Cell (2/3) DL Code allocation
SF 16,0
SF 32
SF 64
SF 128
SF 256
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
25 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
No. of HS-SCCH channels increased to 4 to schedule & control increased number of HSPA users in a cell
DL code space limited dynamic DL control channel allocation mechanism introduced to maximize available codes for HS-PDSCHs
HSUPA RRM (E-RGCH & E-HICH management / dynamic code allocation)
if code tree resources allocated like on previous slide, following traffic is supported: 15 codes @ SF16 for HSDPA
single user per 2 ms TTI (no code multiplexing)
MIMO enabled
F-DPCH enabled
most likely RNC will allocate another SF16 branch to increase control channel traffic reducing HSDPA SF16 codes further
Traffic analysis
HSPA 72 / 128 Users Per Cell (3/3) MaxNbrOf HSSCCHCodes WCEL; RU10 & earlier:
1..3; 1; 1; RU20: 1..4
Code allocation in
case of 4 HS-SCCH:
26 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA RRM
HSDPA Principles
HSDPA Physical Channels
RU40 Capabilities & Baseband Configuration
HSDPA Packet Scheduling Scheduling Types: Round Robin & Proportional Fair Scheduling & Code Multiplexing Basics of QoS Aware Scheduling and Application Aware RAN
Basics of HSDPA Power Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Code Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Mobility
HSDPA Channel Type Selection
Associated UL DCH
Appendix
How to incorporate App Aware RAN
27 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Scheduler Types
Supports packet schedulers
Round Robin RR
Proportional Fair PF (requires individual license)
Type of scheduler set by HSDPA.BB.Resource.Allocation commissioning parameter
Round Robin Scheduler
assigns sub-frames in rotation
User at cell edge served as frequently as user at cell centre
does not account for channel conditions experienced by UE
Low total throughput in cell
if no data have to be transferred from Node B to certain UE then the sub-frame is assigned to the next one
28 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Proportional Fair PF Scheduler (1/2)
TTI 1 TTI 2 TTI 3 TTI 4
USER 1 Es/N0 USER 2 Es/N0
Scheduled user
Takes into account multipath fading conditions experienced by UE
Improved total throughput in cell in comparison to round robin
Sub-frames assigned according scheduling metric Ratio instantaneous data rate / average data rate
experienced in the past
User at cell edge served less frequently as user at cell centre
Estimate of instantaneously supported
user throughput
Based on compensated CQI
Calculated average user throughput in the past
Throughput measured every 10 ms with 100 ms
sliding window
ave
inst
TP
TP
29 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Round Robin RR scheduling
Max. total throughput 1100 Kbps Proportional Fair PF scheduling
Max. total throughput 1300 Kbps
Example:
Macro cell
5 codes for HSDPA Carrier shared with R99
Maximum total transmission power 20 W
Static HS-PDSCH + HS-SCCH power
Proportional Fair PF Scheduler (2/2)
30 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Scheduling / HSDPA Code Multiplexing
UE1 UE2 UE3
Amount of
data in buffer
UE1 UE2 UE3
Full buffer Different data amounts
7
8
7
8
RU10 & later
15 codes 2
10
5
8
3
10
Codes & power are divided
optimally between users
depending on data amount.
MaxNbrOfHSSCCHCodes Max. number of HS-SCCH codes
WCEL; 1..4*; 1; 1
(no Code Multiplexing)
HSDPA Code Multiplexing: enables simultaneous transmission of up to 4* HSDPA UEs during 1 TTI
each simultan. served HSDPA UEs must have separate HS-SCCH
5 codes must be allocated to HS-PDSCH MAC-hs entity selects (3) best users (based on PF or QoS aware metric) for transmission in the next TTI
HS-PDSCH codes & power resources shared, taking into account: how much data user has in its buffer Channel conditions of user
* 3 before RU20
31 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Basics of QoS Aware Scheduling
Shortcomings of standard PF PF metric does not distinguish between traffic classes
No bit rate guarantee, i.e. no streaming services supported
Interactive service not prioritised against background one
Idea of QoS aware HSPA scheduling (RAN1262) QoS aware HSPA scheduling enabled with parameter HSPAQoSEnabled
HSDPA dynamic resource allocation must be enabled
Streaming services
Guaranteed bit rate set by RNC
Interactive IA & Background BG services
Operator can set nominal bit rate (target minimum bit rate)
If not defined, service treated as best effort one
Operator can set service priorities, so that IA services are scheduled more often than BG ones
Services belonging to same traffic class again scheduled according PF HSPAQoSEnabled
WCEL; 0..2; RU20: 0..4;1; 0 = disabled
0 = QoS prioritization is not in use for HS transport
1 = QoS prioritization is used for HS NRT channels
2 = HSPA streaming is in use (RAN1004)
3 = HSPA CS voice is in use (RAN1689)
4 = HSPA streaming and CS voice are in use
32 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Application aware RAN
IP IP/UDP
GTP - U
Inspection and inner IP packet Marking
IP
DPI DPI marks inner IP packet DSCP value based on
operator policies
FP MAC RLC
PDCP
GTPU
HSPDA scheduler
FP
SPI weight MAC - d
flows
Traffic type and/or
activity triggers change
of initial SPI (based on
DPI marking)
NodeB RNC
0
7
8
Same Bearer Same Bearer SPI - mod in FP
Change scheduling
weight associated with
the MAC-d flow
Application Aware RAN
Equips operators with QoS tools for typical terminals carrying multiple applications within one bearer with HSDPA allocated
Enables prioritization of the latency sensitive data by increasing the scheduling priority at the air interface and/or demotion of non-priority P2P traffic (priority drop = P2P traffic share down),
and introduces dynamic demotion of UL bulk traffic by the BTS
in a single RAB case
Applications requiring the same treatment at RAN are grouped by the operator into Application Groups (up to 6) characterized with AARConfigTable
(consisted of AppGrpId, DSCPCode1..5 (up to 5 applications per group),
Precedence, TargetSPIforSPI0..11)
Precedence value determines what SPI should be chosen when packets belonging to multiple application groups are detected by the RNC
(promote/demote/do nothing)
Shortcomings of available 3GPP QoS model:
not possible to differentiate QoE to UE using multiple applications within a NRT RAB i.e. to have micro-QoS within a fat pipe
AppAwareRANEnabled WCEL; Disabled (0), Enabled (1); 0
Precedence RNHSPA; 1..6; 1; 255 = not defined
AppGrpId RNHSPA; 1..6; 1; 255 = not defined
DSCPCode1..5 RNHSPA; 0..62; 1; 255 = not defined
TargetSPIforSPI0..11 RNHSPA; 0..11; 1; 255 = not defined
33 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
QoS Aware Scheduling and Application Aware RAN
Scheduling weights
For each combination of RAB QoS parameters operator can define service priority Traffic class Traffic handling priority THP Allocation & retention priority ARP
Service priorities & Scheduling Priority Indicators SPI Defined by multiple parameter QoSPriorityMapping For services on DCH service priorities just define values entering queuing and priority based scheduling
(see R99 PS)
For services on HS-DSCH/E-DCH or HS-DSCH/DCH services priorities define directly SPI It is initial SPI value if AppAwareRANEnabled = 1 (dynamic SPI based on the application type and initial
SPI value is set and communicated to BTS using CmCH-PI field in Frame Protocol)
If HSPAQoSEnabled is disabled but AppAwareRANEnabled = 1 then initial SPI for services with HSDPA can be configured by the operator with is defined by InitialSPINRT; RNHSPA; SPI 5 (5), SPI 6 (6); SPI 5 (5)
SPI mapped onto scheduling weights: define how often service of certain QoS parameter set scheduled in comparison to another one with
another QoS parameter set
PF scheduling extended by required activity detection RAD with delay sensitivity DS
Priority for Streaming traffic class with ARP1/2/3:
PriForStreamARP1/2/3 (RNC) (0..15) ( = 1) (13/13/13)
Priority for Interactive TC with THP 1 & ARP 1/2/3:
PriForIntTHP1ARP1/2/3 (RNC) (0..11) ( = 1) (11/11/11)
Priority for Interactive TC with THP 2 & ARP 1/2/3:
PriForIntTHP2ARP1/2/3 (RNC) (0..11) ( = 1) (8/8/8)
Priority for Interactive TC with THP 3 & ARP 1/2/3:
PriForIntTHP3ARP1/2/3 (RNC) (0..11) ( = 1) (5/5/5)
Priority for Background TC with ARP 1/2/3:
PriForBackARP1/2/3 (RNC) (0..11) ( = 1) (0/0/0) ARP: Allocation & retention priority
SPI: Scheduling priority indicators
THP: Traffic handling priority
34 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
QoS Aware Scheduling and Application Aware RAN Mapping QoS parameter for DCH
QoS parameter
RAB profile
Service
priority
Mapping defined
by QoSPriorityMapping
RNC PS
Queuing
Priority Based Scheduling
Mapping QoS parameter to scheduling weights for HS-DSCH/E-DCH or HS-DSCH/DCH
QoS parameter
RAB profile Service priority
Mapping defined
by QoSPriorityMapping
Node B PS:
Scheduling weight
modifying PF
SPI: Scheduling Priority Indicators
Mapping defined by
SchedulingWeightList
SchedulingWeightList is BTS commissioning parameter defining Mapping QoSPriorityMapping to SchedulingWeight
If AppAwareRANEnabled = 1 then dynamic SPI
setting based on the application type and initial SPI
35 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
QoS Aware Scheduling
Guaranteed Bit Rate GBR Set by RNC for streaming services on basis of the RAB profile
Nominal bit rate NBR = target minimum bit rate The nominal bit rate NBR is set as the target minimum bit rate in the RNC for NRT HS-DSCHs.
Can be specified by operator for NRT services Individually for each SPI 0..12 and Individually for UL and DL If Application Aware RAN is enabled SPI is dynamically modified by the RNC PDCP layer but the new NBR value
corresponding to the new SPI is not communicated to the BTS and BTS continues using the old NBR value. RNC ensures
that the SPI promotion/demotion for NBR users is performed within the SPI range defined for NBR users
NBR: Nominal Bit Rate
NBRForPri0..12UL UL NBR for Priority value 0..12 (structured
parameter)
RNC; RU30: RNHSPA; 0..2000 K; 8 K; 0 K for
all priority values
NBRForPri0..12DL DL NBR for Priority value 0..12
RNC; RU30: RNHSPA; 0..2000 K; 8 K; 0 K for
all priority values
36 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA RRM
HSDPA Principles
HSDPA Protocols & Physical Channels
RU40 Capabilities & Baseband Configuration
HSDPA Packet Scheduling
Basics of HSDPA Power Allocation HS-SCCH & HS-DPCCH Power Control Static & Dynamic HS-PDSCH Power Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Code Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Mobility
HSDPA Channel Type Selection and Switching
Associated UL DCH
Appendix
37 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Overview HS-PDSCH High-Speed Physical DL Shared Channel
HS-SCCH Shared Control Channel for HS-DSCH
associated DCH* Dedicated Channel
HS-DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel (UL) for HS-DSCH
Static power allocation
Tx power fixed Slowly adjusted in dependence on HS-SCCH Tx power
Dynamic power allocation
All power not needed for R99 services available for HSDPA
Slowly adjusted in dependence on R99 & HSDPA traffic
Fast power control in dependence on:
- CQI
- Feedback of UE
Fast power control parallel to DPCCH with offset for CQI
ACK/NACK
Inner loop PC basing DL TPC and CQI
WBTS UE
F-DPCH* Fractional Dedicated Physical Channel
* F-DPCH can be
allocated in DL only if
SRB can be mapped
to HSPA channels
38 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Example:
PCPICH + = 6 W (37.8 dBm)
P0 = 0
CQI TBS Throughput CQI PHS-SCCH
4 317 159 K -7.7 dB (37.8 - 7.7) dBm = 30.1 dBm (1.0 W)
13 2279 1140 K -16.6 dB (37.8 - 16.6) dBm = 21.2 dBm (0.13 W)
HS-SCCH inner loop power control algorithm
Node B estimates HS-SCCH Tx power according to: PHS-SCCH = PCPICH + + CQI + P0
HS-SCCH Power Control (1/3)
PCPICH: CPICH power
measurement power offset (see section link adaptation)
CQI: power offset taken from CQICOMPENSATED by look up table (next slide)
P0: correction estimated by HS-SCCH outer loop power control algorithm
HS-SCCH Tx power Estimated for each HSDPA connection
individually
Updated with each CQI report
39 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HS-SCCH Power Control (2/3)
HS-SCCH outer loop power control algorithm
With each feedback (ACK or NACK) from UE Correction P0 decreased by 0.005 dB
But not below -2 dB (maximum power decrease by factor 1.6)
If there is no feedback from UE Correction P0 increased by 0.5 dB
But not above 4 dB (maximum power increase by factor 2.5)
ACK or NACK
No feedback
time
P0
0.005 dB
0.5 dB
40 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HS-SCCH Power Control (3/3)
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
HS-SCCH Tx Power (mW)
Oc
cu
ran
ce
s
PtxMaxHSDPA = 30 dBm
PtxMaxHSDPA = 35 dBm
PtxMaxHSDPA = 40 dBm
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
HS-SCCH Tx Power (mW)
Oc
cu
ran
ce
s
PtxMaxHSDPA = 30 dBm
PtxMaxHSDPA = 35 dBm
PtxMaxHSDPA = 40 dBm
Variance of HS-SCCH Tx power in relatively poor channel conditions
Variance of HS-SCCH Tx power in relatively good channel conditions
HS-SCCH Tx power increases in poor channel conditions
with higher HS-PDSCH Tx power
Link budgets typically assume 0.5 W HS-SCCH Tx power at cell edge
Static Power Allocation
41 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Power offsets HS-DPCCH Tx power goes parallel to that of DPCCH
for ACK / NACK & CQI fields hardcoded power offsets in dependence on DPDCH data rate (16 / 64 / 128 / 384 K)
for UL link budgets ACK / NACK offset more important than CQI one
HS-DPCCH Power Control
DPCCH
DPDCH
Factor
2.7 dB for 16 K DPDCH
9.5 dB for 384 K DPDCH CQI ACK/NACK
HS-DPCCH
42 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HS-PDSCH Power Allocation
Static Power Allocation Dynamic Power Allocation
PHSDPA PtxMaxHSDPA PHSDPA min(PtxMaxHSDPA, PtxCellMax)- power allocated to R99 DCH & DL control channels
Fixed load target PtxTargetHSDPA Dynamically adjusted load target PtxTargetPS
Fixed overload threshold for R99 Overload threshold for R99 goes parallel to load target:
PtxTargetHSDPA + PtxOffsetHSDPA PtxTargetPS + PtxOffset
In case of overload HSDPA might be In case of overload HSDPA power might be reduced,
released immediately but usually service not released immediately
Priorities distinguish between R99 & Priorities distinguish between interactive & background
HSDPA users only users as well
PtxMaxHSDPA Maximum allowed HSDPA power
WCEL; 0..50 dBm; 0.1 dB; 43 dBm
PtxTargetHSDPA Target for transmitted non-HSDPA power
WCEL; -10..50 dBm; 0.1 dB; 38.5 dBm
PtxOffsetHSDPA Offset for transmitted non-HSDPA power
WCEL; 0..6 dB; = 0.1 dB; 0.8 dB
HSDPADynamicResourceAllocation HSDPA Dynamic Resource Allocation
RNC; RU30: RNFC; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
PtxCellMax Cell maximum transmission power
WCEL; 0 .. 50 dBm; 0.1 dB; 43 dBm
PtxOffset Offset for transmitted power
WCEL; 0 .. 6 dB; 0.1 dB; 1 dB
43 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Dynamic HS-PDSCH Power Allocation
Adjustable load target PtxTargetPS PtxTargetPSMin (minimum value)
PtxTargetPSMax (maximum value, also initial value, HS-RACH is set up in the cell)
PtxTargetPSMaxHSRACH (maximum value used if HS-RACH is set up in the cell)
PtxTargetPSMin Min DCH PS target for dynamic HSDPA pwr allocation
WCEL; -10..50 dBm; 0.1 dB; 36 dBm
PtxTargetPSMax Max DCH PS target for dynamic HSDPA pwr allocation
WCEL; -10..50 dBm; 0.1 dB; 40 dBm
PtxTargetPSMaxHSRACH Max DCH target power level with HS-RACH for dynamic HSDPA pwr allocation
WCEL; 0..40 dBm; 0.1 dB; 32767 dBm (Value set by the PtxTargetPSMax parameter used when the
HS-RACH has been setup in the cell)
PtxNC
PtxNRT
PtxHSDPA
PtxMax
PtxNonHSDPA
PtxTargetPSMin (36 dBm)
PtxTargetPSMax (40 dBm)
PtxTargetPS
PtxTargetPSMin -10..50 dBm; 0.1 dB; 36 dBm
PtxTargetPSMax -10..50 dBm; 0.1 dB; 40 dBm
44 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA RRM
HSDPA Principles
HSDPA Physical Channels
RU40 Capabilities & Baseband Configuration
HSDPA Packet Scheduling
Basics of HSDPA Power Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Code Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Mobility
HSDPA Channel Type Selection and Switching
Associated UL DCH
Appendix
45 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Static & Dynamic Allocation (1/3)
HSPDSCHCodeSet
11010 10100 100000
HSPDSCHCodeSet
00000 10100 100000
HSPDSCHCodeSet
00000 00000 100000
Additionally required
HSDPADynamicResourceAllocation = enabled
Number of HS-
PDSCH codes (full
set)
HSDPA
15
Codes
HSDPA
10
Codes
Static
code
allocation
5 X X X
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 X X -
9 - - -
10 X X -
11 - - -
12 X - -
13 - - -
14 X - -
15 X - -
46 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Static & Dynamic Allocation (2/3)
Dynamic code allocation applied if:
HSDPA dynamic resource allocation enabled (HSDPADynamicResourceAllocation)
Maximum number of codes > minimum number (HSPDSCHCodeSet)
BTS capable of 10/15 codes
HSDPA service starts with minimum number of codes defined by HSPDSCHCodeSet
Cell-specific scheduler reserves HS-SCCH codes from the spreading code tree according to MaxNbrOfHSSCCHCodes
If HSDPA dynamic resource allocation disabled, 5 codes are available only
SF=8
SF=4
SF=2
SF=1
SF=16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
HS - PDSCH
. .
SF=8
SF=4
SF=2
SF=1
SF=16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
HS - PDSCH Rel - 99 channels (& HS - SCCH)
Rel - 99 code area (& HS - SCCH)
Shared code area
Dedicated HS - PDSCH
SF=8
SF=4
SF=2
SF=1
SF=16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
HS - PDSCH
. .
SF=8
SF=4
SF=2
SF=1
SF=16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
HS - PDSCH Rel - 99 channels (& HS - SCCH)
Rel - 99 code area (& HS - SCCH)
Shared code area
Dedicated HS - PDSCH code area
47 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Static & Dynamic Allocation (3/3)
128 128 128
Available CC Allocated CC Blocked CC
SF16
SF32 32
SF64 64 64 64
SF256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256
128 128 128 128 128 128 128 SF128
+14 x SF16
HS-PDSCH
CPICH AICH
S-CCPCH1
S-CCPCH2 HS-SCCH HS-SCCH HS-SCCH
32
64 64
256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256
128 128 128 128
SF16
E-RGCH E-HICH
E-AGCH
Maximum of 14 HS-PDSCH codes possible with 3 HS-SCCH & HSUPA
P-CCPCH PICH
48 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA RRM HSDPA Principles
HSDPA Physical Channels
RU30 Capabilities & Baseband Configuration
HSDPA Packet Scheduling
Basic of HSDPA Power Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Code Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Mobility Serving Cell Change Inter-RNC Mobility Cell Re-selection Inter-frequency Mobility Directed RRC Connection Setup
HSDPA Channel Type Selection
Associated UL DCH
Appendix
49 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Parameter Templates
FMCS/I/GId identifies parameter set for intra-, inter-frequency & inter-
system measurements
FMCS/G/I; 1..100; 1; no default
HSDPAFMCS/I/GIdentifier Identifies FMCS/I/G parameter set to be applied for a HSDPA
service within a certain serving cell
WCEL; 1..100; 1; no default
RTwithHSDPAFMCS/I/GIdentifier HSDPA FMCS/I/G identifier for AMR multi-service
WCEL; 1..100; 1; no default
Identifies FMCS/I/G parameter set to be applied for a HSDPA
+ AMR multi-RAB service within a certain serving cell
S:Intra- Frequency
I:Inter- Frequency
G:Inter- System
WCELL
ADJG / L
ADJI
ADJS
WBTS
RNC
FMCS
FMCI
FMCG
100
100
100
HOPS 100
HOP I 100
HOPG 100
32
48
32
ADJD
HOPS 100
32
HOPSId HOPS identifier: identifies parameter set for intra-frequency mobility
HOPS; 1..100; 1; no default
HSDPAHOPSIdentifier ADJS; 1..100; 1; no default
identifies parameter set to be applied for a HSDPA service to move
to a certain adjacent cell
RTwithHSDPAHOPSIdentifier HSDPA HOPS identifier for AMR multi-service
ADJS; 1..100; 1; no default
RNFC
RNMOBI
50 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA Mobility
Serving Cell Change SCC (1/3): Candidate
Initial cell selection
1 cell active only: just attempt to establish service
More than 1 cell active Initial selection of Serving Cell based on latest reported Ec/I0
To be candidate, HSDPA capable cell must fulfil following condition:
Serving cell is chosen in order of EC/I0
If allocation of HS-DSCH fails due to any reason, next best candidate cell is attempted
EC/I0 (active cell*) EC/I0 (best cell) HSDPAServCellWindow
HSDPAServCellWindow CPICH Ec/Io window for serving HS-
DSCH cell selection
RNC, RU30:RNMOBI; 0..6; 0.5; 2 dB
* Serving Cell
Max. allowed difference between the best cell in the Active Set & the Serving HSDSCH cell.
If Serving HS-DSCH cell out of this window Serving HS-DSCH cell change procedure initiated.
Methods to handle HSDPA mobility
Serving HS-DSCH cell change
Cell reselection with HS-DSCH - FACH channel type switching ( Appendix)
HSDPAMobility Serving HS-DSCH cell change & SHO on/off switch
RNC, RU30:RNFC; 0 = HSDPA cell reselection
1 = Serving HS-DSCH cell change
51 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Serving Cell Change (2/3): Ec/Io based Periodical Intra-frequency EC/I0 measurements started when:
HS-DSCH MAC-d flow active AND Active set size > 1 (event 1a) Measurements stopped if either of the above criteria not true
CPICH EC/I0 measurement reporting by UE: Higher layer filtering for measurement results before reporting by
EcNoFilterCoefficient
Periodical reporting with reporting interval defined by HSDPACPICHReportPeriod
RNC averages reports over HSDPACPICHAveWindow
EC/I0 based Serving Cell change triggered if: Ec/I0 (server) < EC/I0 (best cell) HSDPAServCellWindow AND
EC/I0 (server) < HSDPACPICHEcNoThreshold
EcNoFilterCoefficient FMCS; k = 0..6; 1; k = 3
HSDPACPICHReportPeriod RNC, RU30:RNMOBI; 0.25,
0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12; 0.5 s
HSDPACPICHAveWindow RNC, RU30:RNMOBI; 1..10; 1; 3
Addition
window
CPICH 1
CPICH 2
EC/I0
time New cell
detected
Periodic
reports
Serving cell change
EC/I0 threshold
Serving cell change
triggered
periodic reports as long
process is running
HSDPAServCellWindow Serving Cell change window
RNC, RU30:RNMOBI; 0..6; 0.5; 2 dB
HSDPACPICH
EcNoThreshold RNC, RU30: RNHSPA;
-20..0; 0.5;-5 dB
52 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Serving cell
change triggered
Serving Cell Change (3/3): SIR error based
SIR error based Serving Cell change triggered if:
SIRerror (Server) < HSDPASIRErrorServCell
SIRerror
time
Periodic reports as long
HSDPA service running
Serving cell change
SIRerror threshold
HSDPA service
established
HSDPASIRErrorServCell RNC, RU30: RNMOBI; -10..0; 0.5; -3 dB
for Inter Node B & intra Node B inter-LCG cell change (not applicable for intra Node B inter-LCG )
Periodical SIR error measurements started when HS-DSCH MAC-d flow active difference between actual SIR & SIRtarget: SIRerror = SIR SIRtarget
Measurement reporting by Node B Higher layer filtering for measurement results before reporting by
HSDPASIRErrorFilterCoefficient
Periodical reporting with reporting interval defined by HSDPASIRErrorReportPeriod (if set to 0 SIR measurement
is not used as criteria for SCC)
RNC averages reports over HSDPASIRErrorAveWindow
HSDPASIRErrorFilterCoefficient RNC, RU30: RNMOBI; k = 0..10; 1; 5
HSDPASIRErrorReportPeriod RNC, RU30: RNMOBI; 0..10; 0.5; 0.5 s
HSDPASIRErrorAveWindow RNC, RU30: RNMOBI; 1..10; 1; 3
53 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA RRM
HSDPA Principles HSDPA Physical Channels RU40 Capabilities & Baseband Configuration HSDPA Packet Scheduling Basics of HSDPA Power Allocation Basics of HSDPA Code Allocation Basics of HSDPA Mobility HSDPA Channel Type Selection Associated UL DCH Appendix
54 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HS-DSCH selected in case of Capacity Request if all of the following conditions are met:
1) Traffic class & THP allowed on HS-DSCH: configurable with HSDSCHQoSClasses
2) UE supports HS-DSCH
2) Cell supports HSDPA & HS-DSCH is enabled
3) Multi-RAB combination of UE supported with HS-DSCH HSDPA + AMR to be enabled with AMRWithHSDSCH
HSDPA + R99 NRT + AMR / R99 streaming enabled with
HspaMultiNrtRabSupport
5) No. of simultaneous HS-DSCH allocations in BTS/cell below max. no. supported by base band configuration
6) HsdschGuardTimerHO & HsdschGuardTimerLowThroughput guard timers not running for UE
7) UE not performing inter-frequency or inter-system measurements
8) Active set size = 1 if HSDPAMobility = disabled
9) If HSDPA dynamic resource allocation disabled and no existing MAC-d flow in the cell PtxNC PtxtargetHSDPA for HSDPAPriority = 1 PtxnonHSDPA PtxtargetHSDPA for HSDPA Priority = 2
10) UE does not have DCHs scheduled with bit rates higher than zero
11) HS-DSCH physical layer category is supported
12) HS-DSCH can be admitted if PS streaming and CS voice RB resource are utilized
13) HSDPA prevention function of the RAN2879: Mass Event Handler feature does not prevent from HS-DSCH allocation
HSDPA prevention is started if RNC starts using the prioritized DL power AC for AMR CS DCH speech call
Channel Type Selection CTS
HSDSCHQoSClasses HS-DSCH QoS classes
RNC, RU30: RNHSPA; 11111 =
background / interactive with THP
1/2/3 / streaming allowed
AMRWithHSDSCH Usage of AMR service with HS-DSCH
RNC, RU30: RNFC; 0 = disabled; 1 =
enabled
HspaMultiNrtRabSupport HSPA multi RAB NRT support
WCEL; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
THP: Traffic Handling Priority
HsdschGuardTimerHO
HS-DSCH guard time after switching to DCH
due to HO
RNC, RU30: RNHSPA; 0..30 s; 1 s; 5 s
HSDSCHGuardTimerLowThroughput
HS-DSCH guard timer due to low throughput
RNC, RU30: RNHSPA; 0..240 s; 1 s; 30 s
55 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA RRM
HSDPA Principles
HSDPA Physical Channels
RU40 Capabilities & Baseband Configuration
HSDPA Packet Scheduling
Basics of HSDPA Power Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Code Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Mobility
HSDPA Channel Type Selection & Switching
Associated UL DCH Bit Rates Packet Scheduling
Appendix
56 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
UL Return channel - Bit Rates
RB mapped onto HS-DSCH in DL DCH (or E-DCH) allocated as UL return channel
data rates for UL DCH return channel: 16, 64, 128 &384 kbit/s independent on R99 settings
16, 64, 128 kbit/s if PS streaming is mapped on HS-DSCH
16 kbps UL DCH return channel*: HSDPA16KBPSReturnChannel
HSDPAminAllowedBitrateUL: min. allowed bit rate -> this parameter is also used to limit UL DCH date rate if RAN2879 Mass Event Handler is used
PS: HS-DSCH (DL)
PS: DCH (UL)
PS: HS-DSCH (DL)
PS: DCH (UL)
HSDPA16KBPSReturnChannel RNC, RU30: RNFC; 0 = disabled;
1 = enabled
* optional feature RB: Radio Bearer
HSDPAminAllowedBitrateUL Min. bit rate for HSDPA a-DCH
RNC , RU30: RNHSDPA, RU40:WAC; 16 K, 64 K, 128 K, 384 K
57 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Packet Scheduling: HSDPA with UL associated DCH HS-DSCH allocation triggered by UL:
high traffic volume indicated RNC tries to allocate return channel with highest possible bit rate low traffic volume indicated RNC tries to allocate return channel with initial bit rate
HS-DSCH allocation DL triggered: RNC tries to allocate HSDPAinitialBitrateUL
Direct DCH to HS-DSCH switch UL a-DCH bit rate can be same
as existing DCH UL bit rate
initial bit rate cannot allocated HS-DSCH not possible UL/DL DCH
HSDPAinitialBitrateUL
Initial bit rate for HSDPA a-DCH RNC, RU30: RNHSPA, RU40: WAC;
16 K, 64 K, 128 K, 384 K
Capacity Request
(TVMHigh)
64
kbps
384
128
t
0
Capacity Request
(TVM Low)
Initial bitrate
64 kbps
Decrease of the retried
NRT DCH bitrate
PBS
RT-over-NRT
t 1 t 2 t 3 t 5
16
t 4
Example
Initial bit rate = 64 K
Minimum bit rate = 16 K
Capacity Request
(TVMHigh)
Min. bitrate
16 kbps
UL a-DCH functionalities: PBS & overload control Decrease of retried NRT DCH bit rate RT over NRT Throughput based optimization Upgrade of NRT DCH data rate (normal or flexible)
DynUsageHSDPAReturnChannel
Dynamic usage of UL NRT a-DCH
HSDPA return channel
RNC, RU30: RNFC, ; 0 or 1; 0 = disabled
enabled by
TVM: Traffic Volume Measurement
58 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA RRM HSDPA Principles
HSDPA Physical Channels
RU40 Capabilities & Baseband Configuration
HSDPA Packet Scheduling
Basics of HSDPA Power Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Code Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Mobility
HSDPA Channel Type Selection
Associated UL DCH
Appendix: Static HS-PDSCH Power Allocation
Cell Reselection
59 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Static HS-PDSCH Power Allocation (1/2)
Required parameter settings Dynamic HS-PDSCH power allocation disabled Fixed HS-PDSCH power defined with PtxMaxHSDPA
Rules for HSDPAPriority = 1 (higher priority for HSDPA) A: 1st HSDPA users enters cell
Non-controllable traffic PtxNC PtxTargetHSDPA HSDPA allowed Otherwise R99 only
HSDPA already active R99 scheduled up to PtxTargetHSDPA
B: Overload for total R99 traffic PtxnonHSDPA > modified overload threshold Standard R99 overload actions
C: Overload for PtxNC > modified overload threshold HSDPA released
Max power Node B Tx power
A
PtxOffsetHSDPA PtxnonHSDPA
PtxNC
PtxTargetHSDPA
B
Ptxtotal
PtxTarget
C
HSDPAPriority 1,2; 1 = HSDPA priority
PtxTargetHSDPA Target for transmitted non-HSDPA power
-10..50 dBm; 0.1 dB; 38.5 dBm
PtxOffsetHSDPA Offset for transmitted non-HSDPA power
0..6 dB; 0.1 dB; 0.8 dB
PtxMaxHSDPA Maximum allowed HSDPA power
WCEL; 0..50 dBm; 0.1 dB; 43 dBm
60 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Static HS-PDSCH Power Allocation (2/2)
Rules for HSDPAPriority = 2 (higher priority for R99) A: 1st HSDPA users enters cell Total R99 traffic PtxnonHSDPA PtxTargetHSDPA Can have HSDPA Otherwise can have R99 only
HSDPA already active R99 scheduled up to PtxTargetHSDPA
B: Overload for total R99 traffic PtxnonHSDPA > modified overload threshold HSDPA released
C: Standard overload for total R99 traffic PtxnonHSDPA > standard overload threshold Standard R99 overload actions
Max power
Node-B Tx power
PtxOffsetHSDPA
PtxnonHSDPA
PtxNC
PtxTargetHSDPA
Ptxtotal
PtxTarget
PtxOffset
A B C
HSDPAPriority 1,2; 1 = HSDPA priority
PtxTargetHSDPA Target for transmitted non-HSDPA power
-10..50 dBm; 0.1 dB; 38.5 dBm
PtxOffsetHSDPA Offset for transmitted non-HSDPA power
0..6 dB; 0.1 dB; 0.8 dB
61 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
HSDPA RRM
HSDPA Principles
HSDPA Physical Channels
RU40 Capabilities & Baseband Configuration
HSDPA Packet Scheduling
Basics of HSDPA Power Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Code Allocation
Basics of HSDPA Mobility
HSDPA Channel Type Selection & Switching
Associated UL DCH
Appendix: Static HS-PDSCH Power Allocation
Cell Reselection
62 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
Cell Re-selection (1/3)
HSDPAMobility set to disabled IF- mobility handled by HSDPA Cell Reselection, not by serving cell change IF- / IS- mobility handled by same events as for serving cell change
HSDPA cell reselection Transition to CELL_FACH based on event 1a Handling depends on setting of EnableRRCRelease
if disabled 1a triggers transition to Cell_FACH immediately if enabled 1a triggers IF- measurements only; transition to cell_FACH triggered by release margins
EnableRRCRelease
Enable RRC connection release
HOPS; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
HSDPARRCdiversity
SHO of the HSDPA capable UE
RNC, RU30: RNHSPA; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled
HSDPARRCdiversity can disable SHO for stand alone SRB of HSDPA capable UE (e.g. according addition window)
reduces capacity consumption due to stand alone RRC connections (more capacity available for HSDPA)
if conditions for HSDPA mobility fulfilled, SHO for stand alone SRB is allowed in any case (e.g. triggered by release margins)
HSDPAMobility
Serving HS-DSCH cell change & SHO on/off switch
RNC, RU30: RNFC; 0 = HSDPA cell reselection;
1 = Serving HS-DSCH cell change
IF: Interfrequency
IS: Intersystem
63 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
time
Ec/Io
CPICH 2
Addition
Time
Measurement Reports
Addition Window
CPICH 1
HSDPA CELL_FACH HSDPA
EnableRRCRelease = disabled
Risk of ping-pong
But UE connected mostly to optimum cell
AdditionWindow
FMCS; 0..14.5 dB; 0.5 dB; 4 dB
Recommended 0 dB
Cell Re-selection (2/3)
64 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31639EN40GLA0
time
Ec/Io
CPICH 2
Measurement Reports
CPICH 1
HSDPA CELL_FACH
ReleaseMarginAverageEcNo ReleaseMarginPeakEcNo One margin need to be exceeded only
HSDPA
Cell Re-selection (3/3)
EnableRRCRelease = enabled
No ping-pong
But UE often connected to non optimum cell
Addition
Time
Addition Window
ReleaseMarginAverageEcNo Release margin for average Ec/Io
HOPS; -6..6; 0.1; 2.5 dB
ReleaseMarginPeakEcNo Release margin for peak Ec/Io
HOPS; -6..6; 0.5 dB; 3.5 dB