zzzPsgiolePfrp - Ductwork Installation

Building Solutions © 2007

Ms. May Kimball1448 Shasta RoadBerkeley, CA 94708

i iCONTACT

PHONE

EMAIL

DATE

REPORT (510) 318-1380

[email protected]

James Quazi

Home Performance

09/27/2007

oakland, ca 94607-1626

2121 peralta st. suite 153

www.buildingsolutions.com

ph (866) 899-2517

zzzPsgiolePfrp


1HOME HOME FACTS

OWNER CONCERNS OWNER INTERESTS

Ms. May Kimball1448 Shasta RoadBerkeley, CA 94708

p. 510 [email protected]

Year Built 1919

Square Feet 2200 sqf

Bedrooms 4

Bathrooms 2

Site Conditions Flat

Foundation Type Raised

Construction 2X4 Wood Frame

Number of Floors 2

Roof Type Tile

Siding Stucco

Wall Type Plaster

Plumbing Copper

Electrical Service 100 amp

HVAC System Forced Air

Homeowner's primary concern is comfort. Thebuilding currently has no insulation in thecrawlspace, is serviced by a single zone forced airsystem located in an interior closet, and has coldfloors. The homeowner would like to address comfortissues and concurrently reduce utility bills if possible.

In addition to comfort, the homeowner would alsolike to explore renewable options including domestichot water and solar electric.

DRAFTS

DUST

AIR QUALITY

COMFORT

ALLERGIES

ASTHMA

MOISTURE MOLD UTILITY BILLS

In solving comfort issues, the homeowner has alreadyreplaced several windows and would like tounderstand what improvements would solve theproblem at the least cost. Possible solutions includeinsulating the crawlspace and or attic, air sealing toreduce air exchange between the indoors andoutdoors, duct sealing or replacement, as well as awhole heating and cooling system change out.

SEALING HVACFILTRATION

HEALTH EFFICIENCY INSULATION

RE-SALE SOLARWATER HEATING

zzzPsgiolePfrp


2ENERGY USE UTILITIES

ENERGY BILLS

California households rely on two primary sources ofenergy: electricity and natural gas. The tremendousrise in energy costs has made home efficiencymeasures and renewable energy options attractiveideologically and economically.

Analysis of energy use not only tells where yourenergy dollars are being spent, but can also indicateproblems and inefficiencies in your home. The wholehouse diagnostic report will provide insight into yourhome's current performance, isolate problems, anddevelop an array of improvement options designedto increase comfort, air quality, and energy efficiency.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

$.1

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

$300

$350

$400

ELECTRIC GAS

zzzPsgiolePfrp


3AIR INFILTRATION BLOWER DOOR

STACK EFFECT RESULTS

ADJUSTABLE FRAME AND JACKET SEALS FAN TO DOOR

VARIABLE SPEED CALIBRATED FAN PRESSURIZES OR DEPRESSURIZES BUILDING

DIGITAL MANOMETER RECORDS PRESSURE AND FLOW RATES

The building envelope is the boundary between the indoor andoutdoor environments. Heat loss or gain through the envelope is thesingle largest energy demand on a home and occurs in two ways,transmission and leakage. Air leaks into and out of buildings throughpenetrations in the envelope, most notably around windows anddoors. Hidden voids, however, such as construction flaws andplumbing and electrical penetrations, often make up a significantportion of the total leakage.

The blower door is a diagnostic tool used to measure the rate atwhich air enters or leaves a building. It consists of a powerful fanmounted in the frame of an exterior door. The fan blows air into orout of a building, creating a pressure differential that is recordedusing a digital manometer. The work the fan performs to maintain aconstant pressure recorded in cubic feet per minute (CFM), is aproduct of gross air leakage.

Stack effect is the movement of air into and out ofyour home driven by temperature. During the winter,or throughout the course of a day, warm indoor airrises and escapes through leaks in your home. Thenegative pressure created when warm air exits isbalanced when cool air, usually from your crawlspace,infiltrates the building.

IN YOUR HOMETHE TOTAL LEAKAGE THROUGH THEBUILDING ENVELOPE WAS MEASURED AT

4124 CFM @50PA.LEAKAGE ASSOCIATED WITH THIS MEASUREMENT

EQUATES TOA HOLE 16.99 INCHES IN DIAMETER TO THE OUTDOORS

zzzPsgiolePfrp


4INSULATION MATERIALS

EXISTING RECOMMENDED

Heat transmission is driven by the temperaturedifference between indoors and outdoors. Thethermal resistance of a home, or the level and qualityof insulating materials, determines how much heatwill be lost or gained through the building envelope.

Thermal insulators are materials specifically designedto reduce the flow of heat by limiting conduction andconvection. The goal of insulators is to slow heattransfer, or the passage of thermal energy from a hotto cold space. The ability of insulation to inhibit theflow of heat through a building assembly results inthe largest single factor affecting heat loss. Thisability is measured in R-value, or resistance to heatflow, with greater R-values reflecting better insulatingproperties.

Batt & Blanket (R2.9-R4.3)insulation is made of flexible mineralfibers that are formed into rolls thatfit between attic and floor joists aswell as wall studs

Loose fill (R2.2-R3.8), is blown intobuilding cavities and fills smallspaces better than both batt andboard insulation, making it a goodchoice for difficult access applications

Spray Foam- (R3.2-R6.5), is sprayedinto building cavities and expandsinto a solid cellular plastic thatprovides a high R-value and good airsealing properties

Foam Boards ( R3.8-R8 per inch), havestructural strength, high R-values andhave good sound attenuationproperties

ATTIC R13

7.9% OF TOTAL BUILDING LOAD

WALLS R0


CRAWLSPACE R11


ATTIC R30

REDUCES ATTIC LOAD BY 54.3%

WALLS R19

REDUCES WALL LOAD BY 71.7%

CRAWLSPACE R19

REDUCES CRAWLSPACE LOAD BY 35.9%

zzzPsgiolePfrp


5WINDOWS WINDOW RATING

EXISTING PASSIVE SOLAR

ENERGY PERFORMANCE RATINGS

ADDITIONAL PERFORMANCE RATINGS

U-Factor(U.S./I-P)

0.28Solar Heat Gain Coefficient

0.36Visible Transmittance

0.63Air Leakage (US /I-P)

0.18

National FenestrationRating Council®

BEST VIEWMucha Vista 2000Vinyl- Clad Wood FrameDouble Pane • Argon Filled • Low EProduct Type : Horizontal Vertical Box

ENERGY PERFORMANCE RATINGS

ADDITIONAL PERFORMANCE RATINGSU-Factor(U.S./I-P

)

0.28

Solar Heat Gain Coefficient

0.36

Visible Transmittance

0.63

Air Leakage (US /I-P)

0.18

National Fenestration

Rating Council®

CERTIFIED

BEST VIEW

Mucho Vista 2000

Vinyl- Clad Wood Frame

Double Pane • Argon Filled • Low E

Product Type : Horizontal zvv Box

U-VALUE MEASURES THE INSULATING PROPERTIES OF A WINDOW, WITH

LOWER VALUES REPRESENTING GREATER RESISTANCE TO HEAT FLOW

SHGC MEASURES HOW WELL WINDOWS BLOCKS HEAT CAUSED BY

SUNLIGHT. LOWER SHGCS CORRESPOND TO LESS HEAT TRANSMISSION

VISIBLE TRANSMITTANCE IS THE AMOUNT OF LIGHT THAT PASSES

THROUGH A WINDOW. HIGHER VALUES DENOTES GREATER TRANSFER

AIR LEAKAGE MEASURES THE CUBIC FEET OF AIR PASSING THROUGH

A SQUARE FOOT OF WINDOW. LOWER LEAKAGE RATES ARE DESIRABLE

CURRENTLY, YOUR HOME HAS SINGLE PANE, METAL

FRAME, CLEAR GLASS WINDOWS WHICH ACCOUNT

FOR 22.2% OF YOUR HOME'S TOTAL BUILDING LOAD.

BY CHANGING ALL THE WINDOWS IN YOUR HOME TO

DOUBLE PANE LOW E, YOU WOULD REDUCE YOUR

WINDOW LOAD BY 47.8%

All windows are rated by the National Fenestration RatingCouncil (NFRC) on performance as it relates to energyefficiency and quality of light.

Windows have a huge impact on the efficiency of your home.High performance windows can reduce your heating andcooling bills, improve comfort and add value to your home.

Sun path diagrams illustrate seasonal changes in thesun’s movement through the sky. These diagramshelp determine the impact a single window will haveon your heating and cooling loads given placement,orientation, and shadings conditions.

zzzPsgiolePfrp


6HEATING SYSTEM 1

GAS FURNACE

CARRY CONDITIONED AIR TO YOUR HOME

SUPPLY DUCTS

TRANSFERS HEAT TO AIR

HEAT EXCHANGER

COMBUSTS GAS TO CREATE HEAT

BURNERS

MOVES AIR THROUGH DUCTED SYSTEM

BLOWER

DRAWS AIR FROM HOME THROUGH FURNACE

RETURN DUCTS

EXHAUSTS COMBUSTION GASES TO OUTDOORS

FLUE STACK

DELIVERS GAS TO FURNACE

GAS LINE

CONNECTED TO THERMOSTAT, CONTROLS FURNACE

CONTROL VALVE

CLEANS AIR AS IT MOVES THROUGH SYSTEM

FILTER

To maintain comfort, the heat lost by your home inthe winter must be replaced by your heating system.Factors that determine how well your heating systemoperates include system condition, layout, efficiency,and sizing.

A correctly sized heating system is designed toprovide heat at roughly the same rate as it is lostduring worst case outdoor temperatures. Typicallyheating systems are oversized, leading to energywaste, short cycling, air quality issues, anddiscomfort.

In accordance with ACCA Manual J, your heating loadhas been determined accounting for volume of spacein each room, insulation values, number andplacement of windows, number of occupants, totalair infiltration and duct leakage, system efficiency andlocal weather patterns.

FURNACE MAKE: CARRIERFURNACE MODEL: 58WAV155-20

SIZE: 154000 BTU IN/ 124000 BTU OUTAFUE: 81% AFUE

HEATING LOAD: 83546 BTUPOTENTIAL REDUCTION IN HEATING LOAD: 47%

YOUR FURNACE IS 148% OVERSIZEDAND HAS THE ABILITY TO HEAT

*

ANNUAL FUEL UTILIZATION EFFICIENCY (AFUE) MEASURES EFFICIENCY OF FURNACES.HIGHER AFUES TRANSLATE TO MORE EFFICIENT UNITS

*

zzzPsgiolePfrp


7COOLING SYSTEM 1

REFRIGERATION CYCLE

SUPPLY DUCTSDELIVER CONDITIONED AIR TO YOUR HOME

EVAPORATOR COILCOOL REFRIGERANT RUNS THROUGH COIL

CONDENSATE LINEREMOVES WATER FROM COIL

LINE SETSUPPLIES REFRIGERANT FROM CONDENSER TO COIL

RETURN DUCTSDRAWS AIR FROM HOME INTO SYSTEM

CONDENSEROUTDOOR UNIT COMPRESSES REFRIGERANT

BLOWERPUSHES AIR ACROSS EVAPORATOR COIL

The total amount of heat that must be removed fromyour home in the summer months is expressed as thecooling load.

The cooling load for your home is determined in asimilar way to the heating load, though theplacement, type and location of windows plays alarger role in heat gain. Additionally, the amount ofheat that is generated by appliances and occupants(internal heat gains) must be removed by the coolingsystem, and is therefore added to the total coolingload.

The electrical draw associated with air conditioningunits can account for up to 60% of your total utilitybill in summer months. High efficiency AC units,properly charged refrigerant and a tight duct systemare essential to reducing the total cost of operation.

A/C MAKE: CARRIERA/C MODEL: RCB60B2ASIZE: 60000 BTU IN/ 5 TONS

SEER: 9

COOLING LOAD: 42320 BTUPOTENTIAL REDUCTION IN COOLING LOAD: 51%YOUR A/C SYSTEM IS 142% OVERSIZEDAND HAS THE ABILITY TO COOL

*

SEASONAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO (SEER) MEASURES EFFICIENCY OF

AIR CONDITIONERS. HIGHER SEER VALUES TRANSLATE TO MORE EFFICIENT UNITS

*

zzzPsgiolePfrp


8ROOM BY ROOM AIR DISTRIBUTION

AIR FLOW ANALYSIS

Once the total heating and cooling loads have beencalculated, a room-by-room analysis is used to assesshow much heating or cooling capacity is needed ineach area of your home.

The room-by-room chart shows the current amountof air entering each room, what is needed to maintaincomfort given particular design temperatures, andwhat would be needed after improvements havebeen made and the total building load reduced.

Analysis of the room-by-room chart allows us tolocate areas of discomfort where incorrectdistribution or failures may be occurring. This chartis also used in the mechanical design process toproperly size distribution systems that ensure peakefficiency, enhanced comfort, and uniform heatingand cooling.

Stratification, or the layering of hot and cold airzones, occurs in many poorly designed forced airsystems. The result of insufficient air mixing,stratification is the product of poor installationpractices, incorrect register and duct sizing, ordefective layout.

Liv Kit Din 1br 2br 3br 1ba 2ba 3ba Ofc

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

AI

R

FL

OW

C

FM

CURRENT REDUCED LOADNEEDED

zzzPsgiolePfrp


9DUCTS DUCT BLASTER

EXISTING PRESSURE DIFFERENTIALS

DIGITAL MANOMETER RECORDS PRESSURE AND FLOW RATES

THE VARIABLE SPEED FAN PRESSURIZES THE DUCT SYSTEM

Duct leakage in forced-air systems has been recognized as a major source of energy waste in bothnew and existing homes, with average leakage in the range of 30%. Testing and sealing ductsystems is one of the most cost-effective energy improvements available for residential buildings. Inaddition to energy savings, proper sizing, sealing or replacing ducts can lead to dramaticimprovements in indoor air quality and comfort.

The duct blaster is a diagnostic tool used to measure leakage through a ducted system. After sealingall heating and cooling vents, the duct blaster is attached to the return air passage and pressurizes

the system to a standard reading (25Pa). Air leakage is measured at this pressure,expressed in CFM and designated as a percent of total air flow. Used in

conjunction with the blower door, it is possible to differentiatebetween duct leakage occurring inside and outside of the

building envelope, a large factor in determining howdifficult and cost effective repairing the system will be.

Forced air systems located outside of the buildingenvelope (attic, crawlspace, garage) with a high levelof duct leakage will deposit less air into your homethan is drawn out through the return air pathway.This results in a net depressurization, forcing dirty

and unconditioned air from yourattic and crawlspace into your

home to equalize thepressure.

THE DUCT BLASTER TEST ON YOUR HOME

SHOWS THAT THE TOTAL LEAKAGE AT

25 PASCALS IS 724 CUBIC FEET PER MINUTE (CFM).

THIS EQUATES TO 34.8% LEAKAGE, ACCOUNTING

FOR 16.8% OF YOUR HOME’S TOTAL

HEATING AND COOLING LOAD.

OF THE 34.8% TOTAL SYSTEM LEAKAGE, 100.0%

IS LOCATED OUTSIDE OF THE BUILDING ENVELOPE.

REDUCING DUCT LEAKAGE TO 5%,

WOULD DECREASE

THE TOTAL HEATING AND COOLING LOAD

OF YOUR HOME BY 11.6%

zzzPsgiolePfrp


10VENTILATION ERVs / HRVs

CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS

FRESH, CONDITIONED AIR TO HOME

SUPPLY

STALE AIR FROM HOME

STALE AIR TO OUTDOORS

EXHAUST

FRESH AIR FROM OUTDOORS

INTAKE

RECOVERS

PRE VENTING POST VENTING

1 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 1 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 1 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 1 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

(ug

m )

mic

rog

ram

s p

er

cu

bic

me

ter

3

ma

xim

um

ac

ce

pta

ble

ug

m3(3

00

ug

m )

3

DAY 1 DAY 2 DAY 3 DAY 4

pre Overall Average 3082/ugm3

post Overall Average 317/ugm3

TYPICAL RESULTS SHOWN HERE. FOR MORE INFORMATION

ON AIR QUALITY TESTING , CONTACT BUILDING SOLUTIONS

In addition to particulate matter, chemical pollutantsand volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are found atmuch higher concentrations (2 to 5 times) indoors.Chemical pollutants are emitted in a wide range ofproducts including paints and solvents, cleaningsupplies, copiers and printers, and children's toys.Chemical pollutants are also present in a number ofbuilding materials and products, making their wayinto your home in cabinets, flooring, and furniture.

Chemical pollutants, unlike particulates, cannot befiltered. Instead, the introduction of fresh air into yourhome can dilute the levels and accelerate the rate atwhich these compounds decay. An air-to-air heatexchanger, or recovery ventilator, provides a constantstream of fresh air to your home while offering betterclimate control and energy efficiency. Heat recoveryventilators (HRVs) transfer heat between air enteringand exiting your home, while energy recoveryventilators (ERVs) also transfer moisture.

zzzPsgiolePfrp


11AIR FILTRATION AIR FILTERS

PARTICULATE LEVELS

pre Overall Average 26/ugm3

post Overall Average 2/ugm3

TYPICAL RESULTS SHOWN HERE. FOR MORE INFORMATION

ON AIR QUALITY TESTING , CONTACT BUILDING SOLUTIONS

DAY 1 DAY 2 DAY 3 DAY 41 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 1 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 1 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 1 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

0

10

20

30

40

50

0

10

20

30

40

50

(ug

m )

mic

rog

ram

s p

er

cu

bic

me

ter

3

ma

xim

um

ac

ce

pta

ble

ug

m3

(10

ug

m )3

PRE FILTRATION POST FILTRATION

Over the past several years, a growing body ofscientific evidence has indicated that air within ourhomes is more seriously polluted than the outdoor airin even the largest and most industrialized cities.

Sources of particulate matter, a large component ofindoor air pollution, are common near many of ourhomes and include wood smoke, aerosols, dust,combustion byproducts and motor vehicles exhausts.The American Medical Association (AMA) has foundthat exposure to particulate matter may increasesusceptibility to bacterial or viral infections, adverselyaffect respiratory functions and can aggravate theseverity of several other lung functions.

In addition to a tightly sealed envelope and ductsystem, air filters can reduce virtually all particulatematter in your home.

There are a range of air filtration methods includingelectrostatic, high efficiency particulate air (HEPA), UVand media filters. Filters can be installed as individualunits or in-linewith centralheatingsystems toservice theentire house.

MERV, or minimumefficiency reportingvalue, is the ratingsystem thatdescribes howeffective filters areat removingairborneparticulates.Higher MERVratingscorresspond tobetter filters.

zzzPsgiolePfrp


12WATER HEATING EXISTING

TANKLESS SOLAR

WATER HEATER TYPE: STORAGE

WATER HEATER MAKE: RHEEM

SIZE: 36000 BTU IN/ 40 GALLONS

EFFICIENCY: 78%

CAPACITY NEEDED: 80 GALLONS

Conventional storage water heaters remain the mostpopular type of residential system. These tanksrequire constant heat, even when not in use, andhave an associated standby loss. High efficiency andsealed combustion storage water heaters minimizethis loss.

On-demand water heaters heat water directly,without the use of a storage tank, avoiding standbyheat loss. When a hot water outlet is turned on, coldwater enters the unit and is heated either by a gasburner or electric element. The heat supply isconstant but must be sized properly to accommodatemultiple users.

Solar hot water systems are aneffective and practical way togenerate hot water for your home.Weatherproofed panelscontaining finned copperabsorber plates under a glass orpolymer cover are plumbed totanks in which hot water is stored.These systems can be installed ineither an open or closed loop,many with a backup source of hotwater that is either in-tank (gas orelectric) or external (on-demandor storage). Solar thermal arrayscan also be used in conjunctionwith radiant floors or forced airducted systems to provide heatfor your home in addition to hotwater.

zzzPsgiolePfrp


13LIGHTING

APPLIANCES

An average household spends roughly 5-10% of its energy budget on lighting, with about 50% ofthat energy being wasted due to inefficiencies. Lighting efficiency, or efficacy, is measured in

lumens per watt. The higher the ratio of lumens (light output) per watt (unit of energy), the moreefficient the lighting is.

The chart below details the potential for savings by improving lighting efficiency. Number ofbulbs, watts, and usage per day are used to find the total cost of operation per month. Savings arecalculated assuming that all incandescent bulbs are switched to compact florescents (CFLs).

Of all the appliances in your home, washers, dryers and refrigerators use the majority ofthe total appliance bill (nearly 90%). As a rule of thumb, major appliances more than 10years old consume more than twice the amount of energy that current Energy Starappliances use.

The chart above details the potential annual savings from replacing your current applianceswith this year’s Energy Star models.

Liv

4

60

6

$15.12

$11.34

Kit

4

60

8

$20.16

$15.12

Din

3

50

6

$9.45

$7.09

1br

2

50

2

$2.10

$1.57

2br

2

50

2

$2.10

$1.57

3br

3

75

2.5

$5.91

$4.43

1ba

2

75

2.5

$3.94

$2.95

2ba

2

50

2

$2.10

$1.57

3ba

2

100

1

$2.10

$1.57

Ofc

3

60

6

$11.34

$8.50

Hall

2

75

4

$6.30

$4.72

Odrs

2

100

2

$4.20

$3.15

Grg

1

100

1

$1.05

$0.79

LIGHTING SAVINGS $64.4

Bulbs

Watts

Hours/Day

$/Month

Savings

Make

Model

Age

$/Year

Savings

MIELE

W113

$63.87

5

$15.97

Washer

MIELE

T1302

$158.41

5

$39.60

Dryer

SUB-ZERO

601 RG

$116.25

3

$17.44

Fridge

SUB-ZERO

601 F

$49.82

3

$7.47

Freezer

MIELE

G832SCI

$79.20

1

$3.96

Dishwsr

Bulbs

Watts

Hours/Day

$/Month

Savings

Make

Model

Age

$/Year

Savings

zzzPsgiolePfrp


14SOLAR THERMAL SOLAR HOT WATER AND HEAT

SYSTEM COST AND SIZING RETURN ON INVESTMENT

Solar hot water systems are a practical, cost effectiveand efficient way to heat hot water for domestic useas well as heat. These systems, composed of solarcollectors mounted on the roof, a fluid system andpump to move the heat from collector to point ofuse, are both reliable and durable.

An auxilary energy source (electric or gas) is includeddepending on application. These systems may beused to heat domestic hot water, swimming pools,hot tubs, and for space heating. These systems canprovide virtually all of your hot water needs in manyclimates while handling the homes’ heating load bymeans of hydronic air handlers or radiant floors.

YEAR 1 YEAR 11

YEAR SAVINGS (PAYBACK) YEAR SAVINGS (PAYBACK)

YEAR 2 YEAR 12

YEAR 3 YEAR 13

YEAR 4 YEAR 14

YEAR 5 YEAR 15

YEAR 6 YEAR 16

YEAR 7 YEAR 17

YEAR 8 YEAR 18

YEAR 9 YEAR 19

YEAR 10 YEAR 20

EQUIPMENT:

4 GOBI 410 FLAT PANEL COLLECTORS

2 120 GALLON ENERGY SMART TANKS

1 HELIOFLOW PUMP AND CONTROL KIT

SYSTEM:

OPEN LOOP DOMESTIC HEAT

AND HOT WATER

NORITZ TANKLESS BACKUP

NET SOLAR FRACTION: 85%

SYSTEM PRICE : $12900

FEDERAL TAX CREDIT: $2000

NET SYSTEM COST: $10900

$827 ($10073)

$893 ($9180)

$965 ($8215)

$1042 ($7173)

$1125 ($6048)

$1215 ($4833)

$1312 ($3521)

$1417 ($2104)

$1531 ($573)

$1653 $1080

$1785 $2866

$1928 $4794

$2083 $6877

$2249 $9126

$2429 $11555

$2623 $14178

$2833 $17011

$3060 $20071

$3305 $23376

$3569 $26945

zzzPsgiolePfrp

zzzPsgiolePfrp - Ductwork Installation

Documents

Transcript of zzzPsgiolePfrp - Ductwork Installation