Vol 13 No 6 I s sue137

Embracing the 100G Era

P11

Operation Insight

Tech Forum

Solutions

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

News Brief

Third Eye

Success Stories

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

Competitive Pressure

As the EU further opens up fixed access infrastructure and formulates policies

for future broadband coverage, many emerging telecom, cable, and mobile operators are entering the f ixed broadband sector. Revenue from fixed voice is declining because of increased

major source of future revenue for

become more competitive. Operators are most concerned about offering higher

European Broadband Access

By Liu Feng

their rivals. To rally against competition from emerging telecom and cable

NGA initiative and DT has also devised a GPON 2.0 plan.

Service-Driven Force

services have developed rapidly and

the future. Informa forecasts that by

are difficult to manage, operators focus

architecture so that it offers custom-

services are no longer transparent to their

traditional operators have adjusted their

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

GPON 2.0 plan.

driven by emerging services, traditional

offering differentiated service assurance to users, content providers, and service providers through an end-to-end

European operators and understands broadband trends on the continent. ZTE has proposed a European fixed broadband business model based on terminal-pipe-cloud architecture. This business model brings European

have a clear objective of broadband development. The EU aims to have 100%

for all Europeans by 2020. It also aims to have 50% of all European households subscribed to Internet connections above 100Mbps. To reach this goal, existing

reconstructed. Most operators in Europe

length of last mile and adopting FTTH/

technologies.

PON technologies are being introduced to

office sites and active optical nodes are

further streamlines the existing O&M process and cuts OPEX and labor costs.

mobile convergence in the last mile and

and reduce overall construction costs.

is also set up to ensure differentiated end-

home appliances and electronic devices

streaming media to be shared by all digital devices. All these household electronic devices are controlled through a unified visual user interface. This improves user

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

operators get a head start in the broadband

construction and service provision.

existing copper resources can be used

deploy cutting-edge fiber technology to

Uni NGA

for operators in Europe and meets

fixed broadband business models. The solution is based on a terminal-pipe-cloud architecture and focuses on integration,

broadband access platform enables full-service access and full-scenario coverage. The platform supports access to both

future video-centered broadband services. It supports a diverse range of access

and various application scenarios, such

addition to fixed broadband services, it provides data traffic offload and mobile

for smooth evolution to NG PON.

and open competition. Operators can jointly build and operate an FTTx

to transform from being an extensive dumb pipe to an optimized smart pipe. Dynamic service assurance

is implemented through enhanced

detection, and on-demand service provision. An innovative business

principle of “less consumption,

made, future-proof solution protects operator investments and reduces

O&M also reduces OPEX.

NGA solution helps operators boost

innovative business model.

Success Cases Many European operators are putting

the broadband access business model into practice. After speeding up broadband connection, they have built intelligent

In Lithuania, ZTE customized an

FTTH solution for TEO, a subsidiary of

100Mbps, the solution pushed Lithuania

recognized by the Lithuanian government

as the greenest enterprise because of its

In the UK, ZTE helped local operators,

unified plan and policies of the UK,

access in rural areas, promote competition

boost local economies. In Germany, ZTE and DT have

made GPON solution that further

more intelligent. The solution enabled

DT has maintained its leading position in

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Construction of National Broadband Networks

By Xie Jun

Trends

A t e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n infrastructure and differs from a

or it can be based on the existing

t e l e c o m o p e r a t o r . D e d i c a t e d

there is an increasing demand for high-

an important part of the future global

divide, create employment, and push

years, there has been an upsurge in

their national strategies for broadband development.

and regions had broadband strategies. The

that include goals, policies and specific

playing an increasingly important role in broadband development.

Figure 1. National broadband plans for some countries.

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Features Despite differences in strategic goals,

choice of technology, and construction

some common features.

of delivering broadband speeds of

intensive applications such as video conferencing, video surveillance,

platform that encourages competition

for f ixed-mobile convergence,

and unified scheduling of diverse services.

An

strategy and must be environmentally friendly.

Construction Model

business model are fundamental for

competitive environment for operators

also offer more options to users.

construction model. An open access

to provide competitive and attractive services for end users. The open access

physical infrastructure

managed by an infrastructure operator

and operated by a communications

access models.

buildout model.

use this model. In Portugal, the telecommunications regulator,

are open. Through competition, the physical infrastructure at layer 1 is

telecommunications regulator. France Telecom builds physical infrastructure

construction and operation at layer 2,

The UK uses this model. The UK telecommunications regulator,

bitstream mode. The bitstream model significantly

offers diverse and competitive service options to end users. This model has been adopted by Malaysia and

Holland uses this model. Rigerfiber is the N.O. and I.O. and

Self-BuiltInfrastructure

More Sharing

Figure 2. Open access model options.

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access rules. OpenNet is N.O. and I.O., responsible for providing passive

building active infrastructure and

models, model 2 and model 4 have physical openness at layer 1 and layer 2. These models are not very different from

Considerations

Governments are playing an increasingly important role in constructing and operating

are the preliminary shape of the Korean

its e-Japan strategy in 2001 and perfected

and strategies for different countries are

that have been successful in deploying

These include a free license management

broadband development varies from

under-developed areas have access

governments have to consider.

existing infrastructure, including ODNs, local communications pipes and copper

to meet the broadband needs. A feasible

that can be implemented phase by phase and that is suitable for different

Any technical solution must also be environmentally friendly.

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Figure 1. NG-PON2 roadmap.

Ivideo. To meet the corresponding

and 100G optical systems have been

layer. 400G/1T systems are also being researched. The access layer must be capable of handling increased traffic and supporting many more services.

structure; in particular, TDM-PON has

xPON standard and industry chain have

a mainstream technology for FTTx

NG-PON2, a long-term PON solution, is a hot topic being discussed by ITU-T

higher split ratio, longer transmission distance, and greater access capacity

speed TDMA-PON.

A Discussion on By Zhang Peihua

communications is innovative. OFDM

that dynamically allocates high-speed

overlapping spectra to improve spectral efficiency. High-order modulation

used for these subcarriers. This enhances system capacity. OFDM is effective in eliminating inter-symbol interference caused by multipath and chromatic

increases symbol length and uses cyclic

programmed to implement DFT/IDFT

digital conversion. Most system functions, excluding RF front-end and antenna, are

OFDM can be used as a modulation

and channel capacity. It can also eliminate multipath and dispersion

allocation for multiple subscribers and services. Different subcarriers can be

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allocated to subscribers or services such

OFDM has been successfully applied

and is a core transmission technology

electronic devices are used instead of

costs. OFDM-PON can be combined

competitive technology for NG-PON2.

Depending on channel environments and application scenarios, OFDM can dynamically allocate the number of bits carried by each subcarrier, the modulation scheme used by each

of each subcarrier. It does this by using a simple FFT algorithm. In OFDM-PON, allocation of each subcarrier occurs in real time according to access distance, subscriber type, and access service. Uncomplicated protocols help

and is unable to meet the diverse

OFDM is a mature technology in

polarization-mode dispersion in optical

used to smoothly evolve optical access

Integrated optical devices are very costly, and optical modules of 10G or higher can significantly drive up

avoids costly optical devices and uses cheaper electronic devices. OFDM

cost advantages of high-speed digital

popular.

is expected to be released in early 2012.

been actively involved in standardization of NG-PON2.

supports access to baseband OFDM,

individual subchannels. OFDM also uses a simple constellation mapping algorithm for high-order modulation

of spectral resources and improves spectral efficiency. This lays a solid

structure improves the performance of

become a hot topic in recent years, and

primary issue for ultra-longhaul access

dispersion. Theoretically, OFDM signals are free from chromatic and

Figure 2. OFDM-based multiservice access.

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According to data released by the OIF, the average annual traffic

Operators have to reduce cost per unit of traffic to relieve revenue pressure. The

to improve system transmission capacity. Through the joint efforts of the IEEE, ITU-T and OIF, 100G standards have

just around the corner.

Ready for 100G Commercialization

solution to meet the need for large-scale

By Shi Sheping

compensation. An optical receiver can tolerate chromatic dispersion of up to 50,000ps/nm and polarization mode

that chromatic dispersion compensation

not need to be used. The engineering and OAM are also simplified in 100G

channel spacing used in 10G and

This meets the increasing demand for data services and ensures longer

manufactured using a cutting-edge

have better signal processing capability

integration enables advanced soft-

error-correction performance than the commonly-used hard-decision

transmission capacity is increased by

transmission distance is close to that of

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commercialization. The company

products, ZTE offers the most competitive 100G solution.

Leading the Industry with Beyond-100G

ZTE has also started researching beyond-100G optical transmission technology.

verification tests on its industry-leading

optic transmission rate of 11.2Tb/s in a first-time experiment at the Optical

March 2011.

generation technology generates 112

25GHz RF

EA EA

PM1 PM2

EDFA PM-TD

external cavity laser polarization maintaining optical coupler

phase modulator 1

time delayer

Figure 1. Orthogonal subcarrier generation.

Figure 2. Optical spectrum of 112 subcarriers.

Figure 3. 24-channel wavelength spectrum.

100Gb/s optical signals, the experiment

rate of 24Tb/s. The transmission distance

only by using the standard erbium doped

Conclusion

started planning to commercialize 100G transmission. ZTE can provide the most competitive 100G solutions. ZTE is continually refining its 100G products and creates value for operators. As 100G products become more commercialized,

developed beyond-100G technology

established beyond-100G research

jointly lead the beyond-100G trend.

The transmission rate of 24Tb/s

subcarriers for each channel, and each subcarrier bears 100Gb/s optical signals.

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

- R A N i s a c e n t r a l i z e d , cooperative, clean and cloud computing architecture in radio

several gigabits per second using fiber.

developed an array of solutions, including enhanced fiber connection, colored fiber connection, and OTN bearer. All these

scenarios.

Tran sm ission Requirem en ts for CPRI

the transmission distance should be Figure 1. C-RAN architecture.

C-RAN Bearer Network Solution

Virtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station Pool Virtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station Pool Virtual Base Virtual Base Virtual Base Virtual Base Virtual Base Station Pool

General-PurposeProcessorProcessor

General-PurposeGeneral-PurposeGeneral-PurposeGeneral-PurposeProcessor

RRURRURRURRURRU

RRU

RRURRURRU

RRURRU

RRURRURRURRURRURRURRURRURRU

RRURRU

General-PurposeGeneral-PurposeProcessor General-PurposeGeneral-PurposeGeneral-PurposeGeneral-PurposeGeneral-Purpose

ProcessorProcessor

…… X2+ X2+

High Speed SwitchingC-RAN

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compensate a transmission length of

jitter introduced into each RRU should be less than ±0.002ppm

and TD-LTE base stations should be

synchronization, the recommended

In a solution that does not use a

convergence layer and access layer, and 4

C-RAN Bearer Network Solution

cannot be multiplexed or converged, it is

Fiber connection is directly used for

connection. The other is to use outdoor OTNs as bearers.

number of RRUs can be cascaded to save

optical module can be used for each RRU.

protection and OAM for enhanced fiber

one pair of fibers. This is an optimal

used to configure optical multiplexers/

Table 1. CPRI bandwidth requirements for different wireless systems.

50Mbps

400Mbps

TD-LTE

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insertion loss on a local add/drop path + OAD insertion loss on other nodes + OMD insertion loss + adapter loss + optical fiber loss + engineering margin < optical module

connected.

shared by more LTE sites. 24 LTE sites

connection is similar to that for fiber

signals. OAD is a passive optical device

cabinet or in an optical cross-connecting box. OMD and OA can be installed in the

delay can be fully met by using a proper

introduced into the transmission layer, it provides perfect protection, OAM, and fault diagnosis and can support ring, tree

Traditionally, an OTN is used in a

on an outdoor pole, small industrial components reduce temperature and

existing ones.

Conclusion

provides an enhanced fiber connection

greatly save fiber resources. This solution

fiber connection solution that supports six

only one pair of fibers. Field tests for this solution are currently being carried out. The

meet bearer needs of future LTE.

fiber connection have advantages over

feasible. Moreover, outdoor OTNs can

multivendor integrated services including

dedicated lines.

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

By Chen Zongcong

In recent years, Northern Europe has been at the cutting edge of information and communications

broadband construction. Lithuania has

is the largest telephony and broadband Internet provider in Lithuania. The

a leading provider of telecommunication

The Green Broadband Plan TEO began offering integrated

concern for TEO. GPON has been highly

small carbon footprint, and flexibility in

national information system, TEO plans

upgraded to 1Gbps in the future. High

and OPEX, and minimizes noise from

recognized as the greenest enterprise by

To offer better services, TEO has

at the early stage, and AON has been

an appropriate broadband technology for

Green Broadband for a Green Country

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green FTTH solution is preferred by TEO.

TEO initiated a GPON FTTH project

provided an end-to-end GPON solution

Its green broadband concept is in line

rounds of selection and testing, TEO

to 200Mbps to customers. The GPON

1Gbps in the future.

highly integrated cards, and smart

consumption lead-free design and no use of harmless

materials smooth evolution to 10G EPON, 10G

small footprint to save space and energy end-to-end OAM solution involving

zero touch, automatic line and

diagnosis and management to effectively cut labor costs.

The Promising Green Broadband

recognizes the fastest, greenest GPON

jointly deployed in Lithuania.

for providing an environmentally friendly

and high energy efficiency. Our GPON

According to data released by the

speeds. Lithuania deploys fiber-optic Internet technologies at the fastest rate in Europe. At the end of 2010, 200Mbps

residents. TEO successfully upgraded

TEO building

manager of TEO network development department receive the GTB innovation award

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

Beltelecom: Creating a National Broadband Strategy in Belarus

Belarus eltelecom is the largest state-

a monopoly on fixed-line and data transmission services throughout the country.

three mobile operators in the country.

egresses to neighboring countries.

services. It operates a satellite ground

through an international satellite channel.

of accessing international digital

can connect international space stations to

is the main international pipe supplier

National IPTV Strategy

sufficient to meet the ever-increasing

The advanced FTTH solution has

investment, reduce energy consumption,

Building a Future-Proof FTTH Network

ZTE began discussions on selecting an appropriate FTTH construction mode. After rounds of technical evaluations and

and ZTE determined that a GPON-based

By Zhang Lei

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

using this technology saves 50% on

electricity costs. Ex is t ing GPON is inev i t ab ly

variety of issues, including radiation, heat dissipation, and noise. FTTH changes the

reduces the OPEX on maintaining

diverse broadband services and boosts

corporate c i tizen that ful f i ls it s environmental obligations.

Consolidating Market Leadership Through FTTH

proposed the FTTH construction mode for

management model for GPON technology.

telecommunication services to its customers.can upgrade the existing GPON to NG-

In FTTH, a large number of ONTs are deployed in user homes, and all user-side devices are passive. This greatly reduces

in a unified manner. This helps create a true plug-and-play environment and

The innovative, energy-saving

consumption of each PON port by 42%

The large number of outdoor cabinets

ONT

ONT

ONT

ZXA10 C300

NetNumen

F620 (ONT)F620 (ONT)

F660 (ONT)

P2MP

1490nm 1310nm

Splitter FTTH

Figure 1. FTTH solution with diverse ONTs.

Figure 2. Diverse outdoor and indoor cabinet solutions.

OutdoorLarge Cabinets

OutdoorMedium Cabinets

OutdoorSmall CabinetsIndoor Cabinet

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

Telkom Kenya Makes Changes

By Feng Wanli, Hu Xin and Qiu Jiayuan

K e n y a i s t h e f i n a n c i a l , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d transportation hub of Eastern

2, and its population is

Orange brand, is the only integrated telecommunications solutions provider in Kenya. It offers mobile telephony

broadband Internet.

million mobile subscribers and mobile

average voice tariffs across the industry

Airtel entered and began slashing its tariffs in 2010.

Rapid Development

cellular services.

government announced a plan to privatize

efficient and profitable. In November

under the Orange brand, attracting

Kenya announced the launch of its

in mobile internet services. Orange

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

experience. “The mobile phone has evolved from being a tool for basic voice and text communication to being a tool of

RAN Renewal Project

over three years.

the demand for reliable mobile application

class technologies and effective solutions

ZTE used advanced dual PA for the

for outdoor sites, end-to-end mobile

of subscribers by the end of 2011 and

fast and reliable Internet speeds of up to 21Mbps. Our high-definition voice and other features are designed to meet the

Kenya chairman Eddy Njoroge.

is becoming more effective, more productive and more customer-oriented.

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

with NetNumen U31By Zhang Weihua

subscriber base. At the beginning of 2011,

services and smooth data experience.

involved in server configuration, O&M

interoperability.

management.

RNC

eNodeB(FDD) eNodeB(TDD) NodeB PR10

SR10

MME CG

xGW HSS

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

uses distributed architecture to extend its management capability. Distributed deployment means that good use is made of old devices and operator investment is protected.

applications. These security solutions

system and are automatically uploaded to a third-party audit server for further

Interoperability is also an important

non-standard, unstable interfaces lead to time-consuming preparation, heavy

the lead by standardizing northbound

testing labs. This significantly reduces

deliver services in the shortest time.

manner is a challenge for operators.

Traditional drive test and signaling tools are time-consuming, labor-intensive and expensive to use. Northern

tools to replace them. NetNumen

effective replacement for these tools.

can rapidly figure out the location of a faulty signaling node. MR collects a great deal of measurement report

analyzing them through a post-analysis

and adjacent cell interference. MR also automatically converts suggestions for

Through innovation and collaboration,

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

G significant revenue stream for telecom operators across the

operators has increased by an average

Attention is, therefore, being given to data and broadband services, and this has created a huge opportunity for telecom vendors.

one such player that has benefited from the surge in demand for high-

based vendor has been s teadi l y

r i s i ng up t he l a dde r, r epor t ing

According to a report by research

Despite its late entry into the Indian

its Indian operations. Revenues from

percent in 2010-11.In fact, India is the second largest

accounts for about 10 percent of the

Growth in India

by the Indian government against

Department of Telecommunications

security clearance before importing

2010, the government issued guidelines

ZTE: Banking on the TD-LTE Market

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

ZTE has been aggressively trying to

has obtained several orders from telecom operators that are rolling

broadband services.

government firm on providing a fillip to domestic manufacturing, ZTE has been exploring the possibility of setting

considering that, as part of the National Telecom Policy, 2011, the government

encourage local manufacturing and

operators to source a certain percentage

local manufacturing plants.

has a small facility at Manesar, but this uni t focuses on repairs and

maintenance that support its existing Indian operator customers rather than on manufacturing.

Having a local manufacturing

In fact, ZTE has already conducted

and is set to conduct trials for the

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

dongles, and smartphones in the Indian

Asia-Pacific, and North America. “The Middle East and Africa are also

accounted for 54.2 percent of its total operating revenue for the year.

In 2010, for the first time in the

of its overseas revenue came from the

total operating revenue.

in 2011 and $1 billion in 2012.

they try to compete up the value chain,

an industry analyst.The company aims to increase its

contribution of terminals, including tablets, smartphones and personal c om put e r s , t o ha l f o f i t s t o t a l revenue in three years time. In 2010,

mobile devices made up 25 percent of

percent in 2011.ZTE plans to sell 120 million mobile

Among the 120 million devices, 10

Z T E a l s o v e n t u r e d i n t o t h e cloud computing business in 2010 and is expecting over $2 billion in revenue in 2011 from enterprise cloud computing products. Its cloud computing portfolio includes data communications products, enterprise

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

as 2011 LTE Vendor of the Year

ZTE Becomes Global Leader in CDMA Base Station Market with 33% Share

ZTE 21Mbps Mobile Hotspot

ZTE and Vodacom DRC Introduce Commercial iVAS in Congo

companies that have achieved excellence in LTE in a given

tenfold, relieving congestion and significantly improving service to approximately 5 million mobile users. The first

and seamless mobile business and entertainment experience.

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

U-Safety Government Security Solution

ZTE Participates in First-Ever MSF VoLTE Interoperability Test

Generation Mobile Network Deal with

for secure digita l government

The core system is a combination

services. The solutions also deliver high-speed data transmission, positioning, command and control, emergency response and intelligent data analysis. They are designed to help governments prevent and promptly respond to disasters and emergencies.

entered into a strategic partnership

company, one of the major mobile operators in Japan.

primary strategic partner for AXGP.

designated city population.

explore the possibility of creating a joint lab to develop emerging tec hnol og ies and dr ive t he development of next generation technologies, including AXGP.

reach of AXGP.

provides st ronger baseband processing compared to other

the company to provide exclusive joint-cell processing technology and interference-eliminating technology.

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

announced that its operating revenue

year-on-year. Net profit attributable to parent

company shareholders for the same

year decline of 21.5%. The decrease is mainly attributable to increased expenses.

Revenue from terminal sales increased

a leading provider of innovative,

the availability of ZTE Memo.

feature phone functions promote

m o b i l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n s f o r

Revenue from telecommunications

a result of increased fixed terminal and service sales. ZTE also reported year-on-

revenue. This is attributed to increased

communications systems, domestic

ZTE continued to strengthen its position as industry leader in the TD-LTE

France Telecom and MTN Group in the

share of 12.5% in PTN, maintaining its position as the global leader in optical product manufacturing.

spot domestically. This is attributed to

high-end data products, such as the

personal or business use. A built-in 2 megapixel camera/camcorder

for easier access to these common applications. ZTE Memo also has a

interface and enhance their overall mobile experience.

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES