Detailed Requirements for Editing Theses and Diploma Projects Written in Polish under the Supervision of the

Faculty of Management and Economics at Gdansk University of Technology

Written by a team of authors:

Beata Basińska, Ph.D

Igor Garnik, Ph.D, Eng.

Gdańsk, 2014

Student’s name and surname: <name, surname>

University Student Number: <USN>

Type of studies: <first cycle / second cycle>

Form of studies: <full-time course / part-time course>

Field of studies: < name of the field of studies >

Specialization/profile: <name of specialization / profile>

<MASTER’S THESIS / BACHELOR’S THESIS / ENGINEERING PROJECT>

Thesis title: Detailed Requirements for Editing Theses and Diploma Projects Written in

Polish under the Supervision of the Faculty of Management and Economics at Gdansk

University of Technology

Confirmation of thesis acceptance

Supervisor

signature

Head of Department / Section

signature

<Job title, academic degree, name,

surname >

< Job title, academic degree, name,

surname >

Gdańsk, 2014

DECLARATION OF THE THESIS AUTHOR(page no 2, the number should not be visible)

The student has to download from the mojaPG platform the above-mentioned

Declaration which complies with Annex No.2 to the Ordinance No.15/2014 of 24th March 2014

issued by the Rector of Gdansk University of Technology.

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ABSTRACT (IN POLISH) (page no 3, the number should be visible)

The thesis abstract (maximum 1 page) should feature the following: the statement of

the scientific or practical problem to be addressed, the purpose and scope of the thesis, the

description of the applied research methods, findings and key conclusions.

Keywords:

Field of Science and Technology, as required by OECD: <field >, <technology >, …

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3

ABSTRACT (IN ENGLISH)(page no 4, the number should be visible)

The abstract (maximum 1 page) is a summary of the thesis in English containing the

same elements as its Polish equivalent.

Keywords:

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4

TABLE OF CONTENTS(page no 4, the number should be visible)

Line spacing in the table of contents is 1 line. Spacing for the top paragraph is 0 pts and

for the bottom one 6 pts.

The table of contents should be arranged according to the standard reproduced

below. Appropriate page numbers should be provided. When using MS Word programs the table of contents can be generated automatically using one of the text styles. Then, however,

it has to be verified for compliance with the following standard presented below.

List of important symbols and abbreviations................................................ page number

Introduction........................................................................................................... page number

1.Title of the first chapter................................................................................ page number

1.1.Title of a subchapter..................................................................................... page number

1.1.1.Title of a subchapter section ..................................................................... page number

1.2. Title of a subchapter..................................................................................... page number

Subsequent chapters, subchapters and their sections.......................................... page number

Summary...................................................................................................... page number

Bibliography......................................................................................................... page number

List of figures.................................................................................................... page number

List of tables........................................................................................................... page number

List of appendices............................................................................................... page number

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LIST OF IMPORTANT SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONSe – measurement uncertainty

f – frequency [Hz]

i, j, l, m – indeces

k – Boltzmann’s Constant 1,38 ∙ 10-23 Ws/K

T – measurement time [s]

CDM – Context Driven Model

SOA – Service Oriented Architecture

Symbols used in a formula should be typed in italics, whereas abbreviations in light

type.

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INTRODUCTIONThe present work defines editorial requirements to be met by diploma theses and

projects written in Polish under the supervision of the Faculty of Management and Economics at

Gdansk University of Technology. The document is based on the Ordinance No.15/2014 of 24th

March 2014 issued by the Rector of Gdansk University of Technology which concerns the

introduction of editorial guidelines and requirements that authors of theses and diploma projects

pursued at Gdansk University of Technology have to follow.

Further chapters include detailed information on thesis formatting

as well as on the rules of quoting and referencing bibliographical sources. The appendices to

the present work contain instructions for using a so called bibliography manager in MS Word

text editors. The notion of a bibliography manager is explained in subchapter 2.5.

The formatting of this paper complies with the standard obligatory for diploma theses

and projects.

The introduction to a thesis defines the background of the problem investigated in order

to justify the importance of the thesis topic. It should also feature questions which the thesis

author intends to resolve in his/her work. Furthermore, the introduction should determine the

purpose and expected results of the dissertation. It should not exceed 3 pages and its title,

in contrast to other chapters, is not numbered.

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1. DOCUMENT FORMATTING This chapter presents detailed formal requirements for formatting the thesis or diploma

projects.

1.1. Page layout

1.1.1. Paper size

The thesis ought to be printed and bound in A4 format. The usage of larger formats for

single pages in a document is allowed in exceptional cases, e.g. when information (project

drawings, diagrams, tables, etc) is too complex to be put on A4 size paper without making it less

comprehensible. Then, however, pages in a larger format should be folded to A4 size in the way

making it possible to unfold them easily after binding.

1.1.2. Paper orientation

Vertical orientation ought to be adopted for the whole document. However, horizontal

orientation is allowed in cases similar to those described above. Before binding the page should

be set vertically by turning it to the left.

1.1.3. Margins

As the document is prepared for two-sided printing, its margins have to be set in the

mirror image:

top: 2,5 cm,

bottom: 2,5 cm,

inner: 3,5 cm,

outer: 2,5 cm.

In MS Word text editors this is achieved by selecting the Mirror option,

setting all margins to 2,5 cm and the binding margin to 1 cm. The same margin setup is

recommended for pages in a non-standard size or orientation.

1.1.4. Page numbering

Due to the two-sided printing of a thesis, page numbers ought to be placed in the footer

of the document and centre aligned. Page numbering is hidden both on the title page and on the

next one containing the Declaration. Visible pagination starts with page 3 including the Abstract

in Polish and finishes with the page containing Appendices. It is continuous throughout the work

and written in Arabic numerals in Arial 9 font. Pages in a non-standard format or horizontally

oriented which appear in a given thesis should also be numbered.

In practice, both the title page and the one including the Declaration are downloaded

from the mojaPG platform, thus the first page of the document written in the text editor is page 3

with the Abstract in Polish. For this very reason, number 3 should be set as initial when the

visibility of numbering is activated on the document first page.

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1.1.5. Body text

Here are the settings for the body text:

font: Arial,

font size: 10 pts,

line spacing: 1,5 lines,

the text is aligned to both margins (justified),

paragraph first line indentation is 1.25 cm.

1.1.6.Headings

In the thesis there may appear up to three levels of headings . All headings of chapters,

subchapters and subchapter sections should be left-aligned to the text edge. Table 1.1 presents

typefaces recommended for headings

Tabela 1.1. Font size in headings

Heading level Example Font size and style

1st level heading 1. CHAPTER TITLE 12 pts, uppercase, boldface

2nd level heading 1.1. Subchapter title 10 pts, boldface, italics

3rd level heading 1.1.1. Section of a subchapter 10 pts, italics

Source: Order of the Rector of Gdansk University of Technology No. 17/2014 of 1st April 2014

The title of the next chapter should always appear on a new page. There exists a

definite spacing for each paragraph containing the title of a chapter, a subchapter or a section of

a subchapter:

top 12 pts,

bottom 6 pts.

1.1.7. Bulleted lists and numbering.

Here is an example of providing information in bullet points in a proper manner:

each element of a list is preceded with a bullet point and starts with a lowercase

letter;

lines finish with a comma or a semicolon except the last one followed by a full stop;

it is not possible for a bulleted list to include only one element;

in this document the Bullet Points style is used to format the text in the form of a

bulleted list.

Numbered lists can also be applied for enumerating, as shown in the example below:

Each main element is preceded with an Arabic numeral and starts with an uppercase letter.

Lines of enumeration finish with full stops.

If the main element consists of the second level elements, then:

a) the next level of the list begins with letter symbols;

b) the text of an element begins with a small letter;

c) lines of numbering the second and further rows finish with a comma or a semicolon,

except the last element followed by a full stop;

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It is not possible for a numbered list to include only one element.

In this document the ‘Bullet Points style is used to format the text in the form of a numbered list.

1.1.8.Tables and captions.

The table title is placed directly above the table and aligned to its left edge. As shown in

the exemplary tables 1.1 and 1.2 below, it is recommended to use Font size 9 pts is and to skip

full stops at the end. Here is the spacing for a paragraph containing a table description:

top 6 pts,

bottom 0 pts.

Two types of table cells formatting can be used depending on the table content.

1) Text data in a table should be presented in the way shown in the exemplary table 1.1 below,

namely using font size 9 pts and aligning the text to the left edge of the table cells.

2) Figures in a table should be presented in the way shown in table 1.2 below, namely using

font size 9 pts. The content of the first column is aligned to the left, while the content of

other columns is centered. If the data is presented in the form of specific units of

measurement, they should be put in square brackets and appear in column headers, e.g.

‘Gross Revenue [mln PLN]’

The tables are numbered sequentially within each chapter. The table sequence number (in

the table title) appears after the word ‘Table’ followed by the chapter number and a full stop

(e.g. Table 1.1. Amount …).Each table should be referred to in the thesis, as shown in the

following example: ‘Table 1.1 shows…’.

The width of the table cannot exceed the limits established for the whole text. If it is

necessary to divide the table between subsequent pages, then the table header should be

reproduced on each page via the option :Table features... > chart: line> option: Repeat as a

header at the beginning of each page.

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Table 1.2. Staff remuneration in the initial phase

Employee Rate [PLN/h]

Working hours

[h]

To be paid [PLN]

Project manager 3000* - 3 000

Analyst 50 84 4 200

Designer / Programmer 70 42 2 940Architect / Graphic designer 50 42 2 100

Tester 45 20 900

Programmer 60 30 1 800

Total: 14 940

* non-recurring remuneration

Source: own compilation

If data included in a table require further commentary, the legend should appear in an

extra line at the bottom of the table. The text inside it is left aligned, as shown in Table 1.2.

The source of data presented in the table is placed just below it. The description of the

data source ought to be written in font 9 pts and left aligned to the table edge. The spacing for a

paragraph containing the data source description follows the rules for table titles, i.e.:

top 6 pts,

bottom 0 pts.

The first paragraph following the table is separated from it with a top spacing of 12 pts.

1.1.9.Figures and captions.

Figures are numbered consecutively in order of appearance in a chapter. Below the

figure there appears a caption preceded by the abbreviation (Fig.), the chapter number and the

figure sequential number, e.g. Fig. 1.1. All figures appearing in the thesis should be centered. The spacing for the exemplary

paragraph including figure 1.1 is as follows:

top 12 pts,

bottom 0 pts.

The width of the figure cannot exceed the limits established for the whole text. However,

the figure may be so large and detailed that it is impossible to adjust it to the text width without

making it less comprehensible. In such cases the usage of another paper orientation or a larger

paper size is permitted, as described in subchapter 1.1.

Each table should be referred to in the thesis, as in the following example: ‘Figure1.1

shows…’. If the thesis is written in Polish, all tables and figures have to be described in Polish,

too.

Here is an example showing how to place figures and captions properly:

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a) b)

Fig. 1.1. Emblem of the Technical University of Gdansk, a) in Polish, b) in English. Source: Technical University of Gdansk –Visual Identity Book, 2013

Figure captions are centered and typed in Font 9 pts. The source of the figure is

provided without a full stop at the end. Here are formatting requirements for paragraphs

containing figures:

top spacing 6 pts,

bottom spacing 12 pts.

line spacing – 1 line

The first paragraph following the figure begins after the top spacing of 12 pts.

1.1.10. Formulas.

Italics should be used to describe variables, e.g. x, ni, ni+1, while boldface is

recommended for symbols denoting vectors and matrices, e.g. v, A. A minus sign appears

directly in front of a number without any spacebar, e.g.(–20). The degree symbol (°) and the

percent sign (%) directly follow the value they refer to, e.g. 25°C i 78% respectively. The

numerical value and the unit of measure are separated by a spacebar, e.g.. 1 V, 10 km.

If possible, one should avoid inserting equations (INSERT > Equation) directly in the

paragraph text. If a given equation can be presented clearly in one line, it is recommended to

follow this example: 1/2t2 or e2x+1. Afterwards, the meaning of each symbol has to be indicated,

e.g. where: t –time[s].

Equations which might appear incomprehensible when written in one line, should be

presented in a separate paragraph, e.g.

s=vo⋅t+a⋅t2

2 (1.1) where:

s –distance in rectilinear, uniformly accelerated motion, [m],

vo – initial velocity [m/s],

t – time of the body movement [s],

a –acceleration [m/s2].

Each equation has to be centre aligned and on the right there appears a symbol

specifying its number. The symbol consists of parentheses which contain the equation

sequential number preceded by a chapter number and a full stop. All equations should be

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referred to in the thesis, as shown in the following example: ‘Dependence 1.1 makes it possible

to estimate…’.

1.1.11. Text punctuation and aesthetics.

It is important to use punctuation marks, spacing and tabulation characters with due

diligence. As regards punctuation marks the following applies: a full stop, a colon, a comma and

a semicolon directly follow the preceding word and are separated from the next one with a

single spacebar, e.g. „... word. Word ...”. It is unacceptable to put a spacebar in front of these

marks.

Ellipsis is separated from the adjacent words with a single spacebar both before and

after it, e.g. ’word ... word’.

A hyphen (a short line) is used without a spacebar, e.g. to connect adjectives: ‘the

technical-economic analysis’. A dash (a long line), in contrast, is separated from the adjacent

words with a single spacebar. The dash is usually used to introduce intercalations in a

sentence or to explain ideas, e.g.: ‘A dash – a punctuation mark in the form of a longer,

horizontal line situated near the mid writing line.’

It is unacceptable to double a spacebar, e.g. in order to increase the spacing between

words – text editors automatically set the width of a space in order to maintain the best text

legibility. All the more, tabulation characters must not be replaced with a repeated use of

spacebars. If there exists a justified need to put an excerpt in a place other than implied by the

text style, then one should use tabulation characters or adjust text indentation or protrusion –

appropriate controls appear on a toolbar displayed over the site.

Conjunctions and prepositions, such as: a, i, o, u, w, or z, cannot be left at the end of

lines. The recommended method of transferring them is to use a so-called manual line break

inserted before a one-letter word via the key combination: Shift + Ctrl + Enter.

A numerical value may happen to appear at the end of a line and, as a result, its unit of

measure is moved to the next line. To avoid this one can insert a so-called non-breaking space

between a number and its unit via the key combination: Shift + Ctrl + Space.

1.1.12. Footnotes.

Footnotes, if any, should be placed under a line and numbered consecutively

throughout the length of the text. Footnotes are not used for referencing literature sources 1 –

the proper way of referring to sources is presented in the next chapter. Footnotes are inserted

via the following option: REFERENCES > Insert bottom footnotes

Endnotes are not used in theses.

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1 Bottom footnotes are used to provide extra commentary or clarification to a given piece of text.

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2. REFERENCING BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SOURCES IN THE TEXTWhile writing a thesis we justify our choices and invoke other authors’ opinions by

referring to previously published literature. There are two basic means of referring to the works

of other authors. The first is a summary of someone’s views or ideas. The second is a literal

quotation of the source text. Below there appear detailed instructions showing how to refer to

bibliographical sources in the text body of the thesis. They follow the standard of American

Psychological Association (APA) ‘Publication Manual’, sixth Edition.

2.1. Referencing literature (cross-references to sources)The views of another author can be invoked in two ways. In the first method the

surname of the quoted author, which is directly followed by the year of source publication given

in parentheses, appears in the text including his/her beliefs.

Example:

Warr (1994) presented a vitamin concept of motivation to work.

In the second method both the author’s surname and the year of source publication are

provided in parentheses.

Example:

The vitamin concept of motivation (Warr, 1994) is the development of earlier theoretical concepts,

such as The Characteristics of the motivational potential of work (Hackman and Oldham, 1976).

The next section presents examples showing how to refer to authors’ names both in a

sentence and in parentheses.

2.1.1. Referencing the work by one author

If the reference is made to the work of one author, then his/her name and the year of

publication are given in parentheses.

Example:

Self-esteem is most often defined in general terms (Rosenberg, 1965).

or Self-esteem is most often defined in general terms suggested by Rosenberg (1965).

2.1.2. Referencing the work by two authors

In case of two authors their surnames are connected with a conjunction ‘and’ if the

reference is made in a sentence including their beliefs. If their names appear in parentheses,

they should be separated with a comma and followed by the year of publication.

Example:

A new approach to self-esteem combining personality traits with emotions and self-confidence

was suggested by Judge i Bono (2001).

orA new approach to self-esteem combining personality traits with emotions and self-confidence

(Judge, Bono, 2001).

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2.1.3. Referencing the work by three, four or five authors

When dealing with three, four or five authors of the work, their surnames are provided in

parentheses and separated from one another with a comma. If they are listed in a sentence, the

last-mentioned surname is preceded by the conjunction ‘and’.

Example:

(...) whereas the on-line version of the Overall Scale of Self-efficacy is applied to assess self-

efficacy (Schwartz, Luszczynska, Guterrez-Dona, 2005).

or(...) whereas the on-line version of the Overall Scale of Self-efficacy developed by Schwartz,

Luszczynska and Guterrez-Dona (2005) is applied to assess self-efficacy.

2.1.4. Referencing the work by six or more authors

When there appear to be six or more authors of the work, one should provide the

surname of the first author followed by the abbreviation ‘et al. indicating other co-authors and

the year of publication.

Example:

According to Kornitzer at al. (1983) the extreme approach to (…)

orStructural equation modelling is an advanced technology that avoids the limitations of simpler

techniques (Kornitzer at al., 1983).

2.1.5. Summary and specific cases

General rules and specific cases:

names of authors are separated with a comma

multiple works referred to in parentheses are separated with a semicolon and

provided in the alphabetical order by the first author’s surname;

if the reference to a given source appears at the end of a sentence, the full stop is

put after the parentheses;

several works by the same author published in different years should be provided in

a chronological order from the oldest to the most recent e.g. (Sikorski, 2010, 2011);

several works by the same author published in the same year are additionally

marked with letters a, b, c (e.g. Sikorski, 2011a; Sikorski, 20011b);

when two authors with the same surname are referred to, their surnames should

always be preceded with the initial of the first name e.g. J. Wachowicz (2010) as

well as K. Wachowicz and Brzozowska (1995) or (J. Wachowicz, 2010; K.

Wachowicz,,Brzozowska,1995).

Table 2.1. contains the summary of the above-mentioned rules.

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Table 2.1. Referencing sources in the text.

Number of authors

The first cross-reference in the text

Consecutive cross-references in the text

The first cross-reference in the text given in parentheses

Consecutive cross-references in the text given in parentheses

One author Lis (2013) Lis (2013) (Lis, 2013) (Lis, 2013)Two authors Lis, Łopatowska

(2011)Lis, Łopatowska (2011)

(Lis, Łopatowska, 2011)

(Lis, Łopatowska, 2011)

Three to sixauthors

Lis, Łopatowska, Wirkus (2012)

Lis i in. (2012) (Lis, Łopatowska, Wirkus, 2012)

(Lis i in., 2012)

Six or moreauthors

Lis i in. (2010) Lis i in. (2010) (Lis i in., 2010) (Lis i in., 2010)

Authors with the same surname

A. Lis, K. Lis (2014)

A. Lis, K. Lis (2014)

(A. Lis, K. Lis, 2014)

(A. Lis, K. Lis, 2014)

Multiple worksby the sameauthor published in different years

Sikorski (2010, 2012)

Sikorski (2010, 2012)

(Sikorski, 2010, 2012)

(Sikorski, 2010, 2012)

Multiple worksby the sameauthor published in the same year

Sikorski (2010a, 2010b)

Sikorski (2010a, 2010b)

(Sikorski, 2010a, 2010b)

(Sikorski, 2010a, 2010b)

Works by different authors in the same parentheses

- -

(Garnik, 2008; Sikorski, 2012)

(Garnik, 2008; Sikorski, 2012)

Organization as an author:Organization known under the commonly accepted abbreviation

Faculty of Management and Economics (WZiE, 2014)

WZiE (2014) (Faculty of Management and Economics [WZiE], 2014)

(WZiE, 2014)

Organization – full name

Gdansk University of Technology (2014)

Gdansk University of Technology (2014)

(Gdansk University of Technology, 2014)

(Gdansk University of Technology, 2014)

Source: own compilation based on ...

2.2. Referencing indirect sources It is not recommended to refer to the secondary sources (so-called indirect references).

However, one is allowed to cite an indirect source on an exceptional basis if an interesting

concept of one author is mentioned in another source and it is impossible to access the original

work.

Example:

Warr (1994, as cited in Bonk, Retowski, 2013) suggested the vitamin model.

2.3. Referring to information obtained in personIf you wish to refer to another author’s views presented by him/her in person-to-person

communication or during a lecture, you should first state the fact that it was personal

communication and then provide the communicator’s initial and surname along with the date of

obtaining the information.

Example:

Timing method was presented during the lecture on Work Process Organization (personal

communication J. Grabosz, 18th May 2014).

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or

According to J. Grabosza (personal communication, 18th May 2014) a team leader is

responsible for the team communication with the environment.

2.4. Referencing internet sources While referring to information obtained from electronic sources one should provide the

author’s surname and the year of source publication. When information about authorship is not

available, then the source title and its year of publication are to be given. If, however, the

publication date is unknown, either, the title is provided together with the date of downloading

the source.

Example:

This issue was addressed in the article ‘Trust as the basis for e-commerce’ (2010)

2.5. Using bibliography manager The examples presented above clearly show that maintaining a uniform referencing

style requires special care and may not be easy. Therefore, it is advisable to use a so-called

bibliography manager which can perform several functions:

1) it enables formatting references in accordance with the accepted standard –there

exist several citation standards and authors are often obliged (e.g. by a publisher) to

adopt a given one (a so-called referencing style); the bibliography manager allows

for the selection of a certain standard;

2) it enables managing bibliographical entries connected with the thesis subject matter

– the thesis author, while reviewing literature, enters the descriptions of literature

items into the manager, which makes it easy to reference them in the thesis via a

simple selection tool (e.g. with a computer mouse);

3) it allows for verifying the completeness of bibliographical descriptions –due to the

formalized procedure of entering literature items it is easy to check whether all

elements of the bibliographical description (e.g. author, year of publication, title,

publisher, etc.) have been entered;

4) it creates automatic reference lists on the basis of sources used in the thesis – the

reference list contains only the items the thesis author refers to in his/her work;

the source is automatically deleted from the reference list at the end of the thesis, if

all references to it are eliminated from the text body.

Text editors, such as MS Word, have a built-in bibliography manager which is briefly

described in Appendix 1. The bibliography can also be managed by external applications

(programmes) which additionally include the function of importing bibliographical descriptions

from websites, databases or directly from documents in electronic form. Mendeley, Zotero and

EndNote are among the most popular applications of this type.

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3. QUOTESWhen directly citing another author’s work, then, in contrast to paraphrasing, one should

always provide the quoted author’s surname, the year of publication as well as the page number

of the reference material preceded by ‘p’. In case of sources without page numbering, the

number of a paragraph containing the quoted lines ought to be provided. Obviously, all quoted

sources are included in the reference list.

Quotations not exceeding 40 words are placed within quotation marks. As in case of

referring to sources that are paraphrased or summarised, there are two reference methods

here.

Firstly, the name of the quoted author is provided in the sentence including his/her

opinion.

Example:

While interpreting the findings of their research, Robbins at al. (2003) concluded, that

‘interdependencies between all examined variables except the amount of earnings are statistically

significant’ (p. 25), which is consistent with the views of the authors of this work.

Secondly, the name of the quoted author is provided in parentheses.

Example:

The results of published studies show, that ‘moderate interdependencies between all examined

variables except the amount of earnings are statistically significant’ (Robbins at al., 2003, p. 25).

If a quote to be included in the thesis exceeds 40 words, then it should be indented and

quotation marks can be omitted.

Example:

The following data point to the article originality:

The narrative literature review suggests that weak retention rates, high turnover, heavy

workloads, low staffing levels and/or staffing shortages conspire to create a difficult working environment

for health professionals, one in which they may struggle to provide high-quality care and which may also

contribute to health professional burnout. The review demonstrates that health workforce planning

concerns, such as these, impact on health professional burnout and on the ability of health professionals

to deliver quality care. The review also demonstrates that most of the published papers published between

2000 and 2013 addressing health professional burnout and quality of care were nursing focused.

(Humphries et al., 2014, p. 338).

If the quote comes from online sources and neither authorship nor page numbers can

be provided, then one should give the paragraph number:

‘The narrative literature review suggests that weak retention rates, high turnover, heavy

workloads, low staffing levels and/or staffing shortages conspire to create a difficult working environment

for health professionals, one in which they may struggle to provide high-quality care and which may also

contribute to health professional burnout.’ (paragraph 5).

When a piece of the quoted text is to be skipped, it should be indicated with ellipsis in

parentheses ‘(…)’.

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If there appear citations containing more than 400 words or if passages quoted in the

thesis exceed a total of 800 words from one source, it is necessary to obtain the consent of the

quoted author.

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SUMMARY

Each thesis or diploma project has to include a chapter entitled Summary. The chapter

in question should precede the Reference list and its title is not numbered.

In the Summary the author presents in a concise and orderly manner the results, work

achievements and/or research findings obtained in the course of developing the thesis. The

author should refer to the purpose and assumptions of the thesis as well as to the outcomes

described in individual chapters. Afterwards, conclusions have to be formulated and interpreted

on the basis of the activities conducted. Furthermore, the summary should specify which actions

should be implemented if work on the thesis topic is continued or what needs to be improved if

the results were unsatisfactory.

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REFERENCE LIST ( EW. BIBLIOGRAPHY)This chapter shows how bibliographical information on literature included in the

reference list should be formatted depending on the type of source.

3.1. Books in the reference list

3.1.1. Book:

Author´s surname, Initial(s). (Year of publication). Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher.

Hall, R. E., Taylor, J. B. (2010). Macroeconomics. Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers PWN.

3.1.2. Edited book:

Surname, Initial(s). (Ed.). (Year of publication). Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher.

Beksiak, J. (2001). (Ed.). Economics. Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers PWN.

3.1.3. Chapter in a monograph:

Surname, Initial(s). (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In: Initial(s). Surname (Ed.). Title of monograph (first and last page of chapter). Place of publication: Publisher.

Sikorski, W, (2010) Design in Engineering Practice. In: A. Nosowski (Ed.). Modern Design (p. 23-67). Poznan: WWWNet.

3.1.4.Chapter in a serial monograph:

Surname, Initial(s). (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In: Initial(s). Surname (Ed.). Title of book: Volume Number. Name of Volume (p. xxx-xxx). Place of publication: Publisher.

Studenski, R. (1984). Purpose, method and procedure of employee assessment. In: Z. Ratajczak (Ed.). Psychological problems of human functioning at work: 4. Psychological basis of employee assessment (p.161-167). Katowice: University of Silesia.

3.1.5. Book with no author:

Title of book (Year of publication). Location: Publisher.

It is not a book (2011). Warsaw: NarBook.

Organization as an author:

Organization (Year of publication). Title of work. Location: Publisher.

WHO/ILO (2000). Mental health and work: impact, issues and good practices. Monograph. Geneva: WHO

3.1.6. Entry in a dictionary or encyclopaedia:

Surname, Initial(s). (Year of publication). Entry. In: Name of a dictionary (Volume Number, p. xx). Location: Publisher.

Bartkowski, A. (1987). Art. In: Universal Encyclopaedia PWN (Vol. 4, p. 385). Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers PWN.

3.2. Articles in the reference list

3.2.1. Article:

Surname, Initial(s)., Surname, Initial(s). (Year of publication). Title of article. Title of magazine, yearbook number (issue number), beginning page number – ending page number.

22

Warr, P. (1994). A conceptual framework for the study of work and mental health. Work & Stress, 8(2), 84-97.

Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E. (2001). Relationship of core self-evaluations traits—self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability—with job satisfaction and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of applied Psychology, 86(1), 80-92.

3.2.2. Article by more than six authors:

Kornitzer, M., Dramaix, M., Thilly, C., De Backer, G., Kittel, F., Graffar, M., … Vuylsteek, K. (1983). Belgian heart disease prevention project: incidence and mortality results. The Lancet, 321(8333), 1066-1070.

3.2.3. Article with DOI number:

Surname, Initial(s), Surname, Initial(s). (Year of publication). Title of article. Title of periodical, yearbook number (issue number), beginning page number – ending page number. DOI:11111111.

Siegrist, J., Starke, D., Chandola, T., Godin, I., Marmot, M., Niedhammer, I., Peter, R. (2004). The measurement of effort-reward imbalance at work: European comparisons. Social Science & Medicine, 58(8), 1483-1499. DOI: 10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00351-4

3.2.4. Article in a popular magazine:

Surname, Initial(s). (Year and month of publication). Title of article. Name of magazine, volume number, pages.

Wright, K. (2002, 11). Lifetime. World of Science, 135, 40-47.

3.2.5. Article in a newspaper:

Surname, Initial(s). (Year, day, month). Title of article. Name of a newspaper, p. xx-xx.

Kondratowicz A. (2003, 3rd October). ‘S’ versus McDonald’s. Gazeta Wyborcza, p. 9.

3.3. Unpublished materials

3.3.1. Unpublished typescript, not submitted for publication:

Surname, Initial(s). (Year of publication). Typescript title. Unpublished typescript, Name of Organization.

Basińska, B. (2002). The concept of stress at work. Unpublished typescript, Technical University of Gdansk.

3.3.2. Unpublished typescript, accepted for printing:

Surname, Initial(s). (In print). Typescript title. Title of periodical.

Roztocka, A. H. (in print). The use of factor analysis in marketing research. Operations Research and Decisions.

3.4. On-line materials If materials available in the Internet are to be included in the reference list, the

procedure similar to that for printed sources should be adopted. Instead of the publisher,

however, the access path is provided with no full stop at the end.

3.4.1. Article:

Surname, Initial(s). (Date). Title of article. Title of periodical [on-line]. Retrieved from: access path

*no websites are to be provided!

23

3.4.2. Chapter from a book/materials:

Surname, Initial(s). (Date). Title of chapter. In: Title of materials [on-line]. Retrieved from: access path

3.4.3. On-line materials:

Surname, Initial(s). (Date). Title of materials [on-line]. Retrieved from: access path

3.5. The order of sources in a bibliographyLiterature items in the bibliography are listed in alphabetical order by the authors’

surnames. If there appear to be a few works by the same author, they are listed in order of

publication date from the oldest to the most recent. Works of authors with the same surname

should be listed in alphabetical order by the authors’ first names. Names of organizations being

authors should be included in the reference list in the same way as authors’ names.

Paragraphs containing individual items of literature should be formatted as follows:

line spacing for each bibliographical entry: 1 line

paragraph spacing: top 0 pts, bottom 6 pts.

first line indentation: 1,25 cm

Here is an exemplary reference list:

Bonk, E., Retowski, S. (2013). Retirement—relief or torment? The perception of retirement based on research among the students of the University of Third Age. Polish Gerontology, 21(1), 25-31.

CIOP (2010). Safety Standards. Warsaw: CIOP.

Fiedor, B. (2010). The economic crisis and the crisis of economics as a science. The Economist, 4, 453-466.

Hackman, J. R., Oldham, G. R. (1976). Motivation through the design of work: Test of a theory. Organizational behaviour and human performance, 16(2), 250-279.

Jeurissen, T., Nyklíček, I. (2001). Testing the Vitamin Model of job stress in Dutch health care workers. Work & Stress, 15(3), 254-264.

Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E. (2001). Relationship of core self-evaluations traits—self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability—with job satisfaction and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of applied Psychology, 86(1), 80-92.

Kornitzer, M., Dramaix, M., Thilly, C., De Backer, G., Kittel, F., Graffar, M., … Vuylsteek, K. (1983). Belgian heart disease prevention project: incidence and mortality results. The Lancet, 321(8333), 1066-1070.

Rector of Gdansk University of Technology (2014), Ordinance of the Rector of Gdansk University of Technology no. 17/2014 of 1st April 2014.

Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Warr, P. (1987). Work, unemployment, and mental health. Oxford University Press.

Warr, P. (1994). A conceptual framework for the study of work and mental health. Work & Stress, 8(2), 84-97.

24

LIST OF FIGURES

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LIST OF TABLES

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LIST OF APPENDICES

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25

APPENDIX 1. SOURCE MANAGEMENT IN MS WORD

Microsoft Word text editors (MS 2007, 2010 and 2013) provide a tool for managing

references which is located in the Citations & Bibliography group on the References tab:

In order to enter new bibliographic information or add it to an already existing document,

you should open the Source Manager dialog box clicking on Manage Sources:

In the Source Manager box there are two lists available: the Master List – including all

sources added by a user and the Current List which is attributed to the document being

currently edited.

.

Individual items of bibliographic information can be copied from one list to the other or

deleted from them. It is also possible to add new items or edit the ones added earlier. In order to

add a new reference one should click on New... and the Create Source dialog box will appear.

26

The illustration below shows an exemplary Create Source dialog box (the new source here is a book)

First, you should select the type of source from the Type of Source pull-down list and

then enter all the relevant information in the Bibliography Fields section in accordance with

the bibliographic data of the source to be added (e.g.in case of a book such data appear on the

back side of the title page). To allow Word to format the authors’ name click Edit next to the

dialog box Author. Names can also be added directly in the dialog box Author. The general

rule should be remembered that the author’s first/middle names follow his/her last name after a

comma. Multiple author names are separated from one another with a semicolon.

The layout of the form fields depends on the type of source. A new source is added both

to the Current List and the Master List.

The sources already existing in the reference list are edited via the same dialog box as

before:

27

APPENDIX 2. SELECTING THE STYLE FOR CITATIONS AND INSERTING REFERENCES

In order to select the appropriate style for referencing one should click the arrow next to

Style in the Citations & Bibliography group:

There are a few basic styles installed by default in MS Word programmes. However,

APA Sixth Edition style is missing in 2007 and 2010 versions. The APA style, as well as other

additional ones, can be downloaded when the is program upgraded (Upgrade option should be

selected while installing MS Word). The style list is stored by default in the Bibliography/Style file which is located in the folder containing the Office programs. For MS Office 2010, for

example, it is the following folder: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\Office14\

Bibliography\Style.

In order to insert a reference to a given source in the edited text, one should click

Insert Citation in the Citations & Bibliography group and select the desired item

from the drop-down list. The list includes only the items from the Current List of the source

manager.

28

The drawback of MS Word bibliography manager is that it allows for inserting references only in one format – e.g. (Kowalski and Kabacki, 2002) – and that it is not fully compatible with APA standard described in Chapter 3 (in the above-mentioned example the conjunction ‘and’ should not be put between the two names). Nevertheless, the use of this tool facilitates managing the sources and prevents omitting any of them in the reference list. Furthermore, all changes made in the descriptions of the cited works by means of the source manager are automatically introduced both in the references and in the reference list.

From a practical point of view, even after the completion of thesis drafting it is possible

to amend references replacing a quote with static text during the final formatting. To do this one

should select the citation to be edited, then click Insert Citation and choose Convert Citation to Static Text option:

After the change presented above the reference will no longer be automatically

updated.

29

APPENDIX 3. INSERTING THE REFERENCE LIST The bibliography manager makes it possible to automatically generate the reference list.

For this purpose one should click where a reference list is intended to be inserted. Then, on the

References tab, in the Citations & Bibliography group, Bibliography ought to be selected:

The title of the list can be edited and it is recommended to change it into Bibliography.

One should remember that all items from the current list are included in the

bibliography. Therefore, all non-quoted works have to be deleted from the current list before the

Bibliography is created. Any source that has been referred to at least once in the thesis will be

marked with the following sign in the current list: ‘’:

30

Both the reference list and the in-text references can be converted into the static text.

31